Leliwa-Kopystynski / Teisseyre Constitution of the Earth's Interior

1. Auflage 2016
ISBN: 978-1-4832-9185-7
Verlag: Elsevier Science & Techn.
Format: PDF
Kopierschutz: 1 - PDF Watermark

E-Book, Englisch, 381 Seiten, Web PDF

Reihe: Physics and Evolution of the Earths Interior

Constitution of the Earth's Interior discusses the physical and evolutionary principles connecting various elements of the knowledge about structure and dynamics of the Earth's interior. This work is divided into eight chapters that primarily focus on the physical, chemical, and petrological state. This text contains general data on a general stationary model, which is described by equations of state combining the basic parameters, including pressure, temperature, density, gravity acceleration, and mineral composition within the Earth's interior. Considerable chapters concern the chemical and petrological composition of the matter in the Earth's interior. The remaining chapters describe models containing inhomogeneities used to illustrate processes connected with phase transitions. This book will be of great value to geologists, physicists, and researchers.

Autoren/Hrsg.

Leliwa-Kopystynski, J.

Teisseyre, Roman

Inhaltsverzeichnis

1;Front Cover;1
2;Constitution of the Earth's Interior;4
3;Copyright Page;5
4;Table of Contents;10
5;Preface to the Series Physics and Evolution of the Earth's Interior;6
6;Preface;8
7;Basic Parameters of the Solar System;14
8;Chapter 1. Equations of State and Geophysical Equations of State;16
8.1;1.1 INTRODUCTION;16
8.2;1.2 GENERAL CLASSIFICATION OF EQUATIONS OF STATE;18
8.3;1.3 EQUATIONS OF STATE IN A WIDE RANGE OF CHANGES OF THERMODYNAMIC PARAMETERS;20
8.4;1.4 EXPERIMENTAL METHODS IN HIGH PRESSURE PHYSICS;28
8.5;1.5 THERMODYNAMICAL FOUNDATIONS OF EQUATIONS OF STATE;35
8.6;1.6 EQUATIONS OF STATE RESULTING FROM THE THEORY OF A CONTINUOUS MEDIUM;39
8.7;1.7 EQUATIONS OF STATE OBTAINED FROM MODELS OF QUANTUM-MECHANICS INTERACTIONS;47
8.8;1.8 EQUATION OF GRÜNEISEN;53
8.9;1.9 THE THOMAS–FERMI EQUATION;58
8.10;1.10 GEOPHYSICAL EQUATIONS OF STATE;64
8.11;REFERENCES;75
9;Chapter 2. Distribution of Selected Physical Parameters in the Earth and Planetary Interiors;79
9.1;2.1 OBSERVATIONAL BASES;79
9.2;2.2 BASIC EQUATIONS;81
9.3;2.3 REVIEW OF MODELS OF THE STRUCTURE OF THE EARTH'S INTERIOR;89
9.4;2.4 MODELS OF PLANETARY INTERIORS;100
9.5;REFERENCES;112
10;Chapter 3. Creep Processes, Viscosity Models and the Quality Factor Q in the Earth's Interior;114
10.1;3.1 ROCK PROPERTIES UNDER HIGH PRESSURES AND TEMPERATURES;114
10.2;3.2 CREEP PROCESSES IN THE MANTLE;121
10.3;3.3 VISCOSITY MODELS;135
10.4;3.4 Q FACTOR AND DISSIPATION OF MECHANICAL ENERGY IN THE EARTH'S INTERIOR;149
10.5;REFERENCES;158
11;Chapter 4. Thermal Energy and Heat Flow in the Earth's Interior;162
11.1;4.1 HEAT FLOW OF THE EARTH;162
11.2;4.2 GEOTHERMAL GRADIENT WITHIN THE EARTH;175
11.3;4.3 PHONON TRANSFER IN THE EARTHS MANTLE;197
11.4;4.4 RADIATIVE TRANSFER IN THE EARTH'S MANTLE;210
11.5;REFERENCES;228
12;Chapter 5. The Structure of the Earth's Interior;235
12.1;5.1 INTRODUCTION;235
12.2;5.2 STRUCTURE OF THE EARTH'S CRUST;237
12.3;5.3 THE UPPER MANTLE OF THE EARTH;247
12.4;5.4 THE LOWER MANTLE AND THE EARTH'S CORE;254
12.5;REFERENCES;257
13;Chapter 6. Phase Transformations: Elements of the Theory and Geophysical Applications;261
13.1;6.1 POSSIBILITY OF PHASE TRANSFORMATIONS IN THE EARTH'S INTERIOR;261
13.2;6.2 THERMODYNAMICS OF PHASE TRANSFORMATIONS;266
13.3;6.3 KINETICS OF PHASE TRANSFORMATIONS;271
13.4;6.4 PHASE TRANSFORMATIONS IN STATIC MODELS OF THE EARTH WITH SPHERICAL SYMMETRY;280
13.5;6.5 PHASE TRANSFORMATIONS IN AREAS UNDERGOING GLOBAL DEFORMATIONS;282
13.6;6.6 PHASE TRANSFORMATIONS AND GENERATION OF EARTHQUAKES;298
13.7;REFERENCES;299
14;Chapter 7. Hypothetical Phase Transformations in the Earth's Mantle;302
14.1;7.1 INTRODUCTION;302
14.2;7.2 TRANSFORMATIONS OF CRYSTALLINE SILICA POLYMORPHS;306
14.3;7.3 THE GABBRO . ECLOGITE TRANSITION AND THE NATURE OF THE MOHOROClC DISCONTINUITY;307
14.4;7.4 PHASE TRANSITIONS IN PYROLITE OF THE LOWER LITHOSPHERE AND ASTHENOSPHERE;313
14.5;7.5 HIGH-PRESSURE PHASE TRANSFORMATIONS IN A2BO4 COMPOUNDS — Mg AND Fe ORTHOSILICATES;317
14.6;7.6 HIGH-PRESSURE PHASE TRANSFORMATIONS IN ABO3 COMPOUNDS — Mg AND Fe METASILICATES;328
14.7;REFERENCES;335
15;Chapter 8· Petrology and Elements of Geochemistry;339
15.1;8.1 INTRODUCTION;339
15.2;8.2 THE EARTH'S CORE;340
15.3;8.3 THE EARTH'S MANTLE;344
15.4;8.4 IGNEOUS PROCESSES AND ROCKS;350
15.5;8.5 THE EARTHS CRUST;362
15.6;REFERENCES;368
16;APPENDIX;372
17;Index;376