Marsch Solar Wind Seven

Proceedings of the 3rd COSPAR Colloquium Held in Goslar, Germany, 16-20 September 1991
1. Auflage 2016
ISBN: 978-1-4832-8780-5
Verlag: Elsevier Science & Techn.
Format: PDF
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E-Book, Englisch, Band Volume 3, 740 Seiten, Web PDF

Reihe: Cospar

The third COSPAR Colloquium entitled Solar Wind Seven was held in Goslar, Germany in September 1991. Twenty-two countries were represented by scientists, many of whom are leading experts in the area of heliospheric physics. The Proceedings reflect current research on solar wind and particularly emphasizes the source regions. The main topics covered encompass Coronal Heating and Solar Wind Acceleration; Large-Scale Structure of the Interplanetary Medium; Minor Ions, Neutrals and Cosmic Rays in the Heliosphere; Kinetic Physics, Waves and Turbulence and finally Heliospheric Dynamic Phenomena.

Autoren/Hrsg.

Marsch, E.

Inhaltsverzeichnis

1;Front Cover;1
2;Solar Wind Seven;4
3;Copyright Page;5
4;Table of Contents;6
5;Preface;18
6;Session 1: Coronal Heating and Solar Wind Acceleration;6
6.1;Chapter 1.The Origin of High Speed Solar Wind Streams;22
6.1.1;DISTINCTION BETWEEN FAST AND SLOW STREAMS;22
6.1.2;MICROFLARES IN A COMPLEX NETWORK MODEL;23
6.1.3;SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS;24
6.1.4;REFERENCES;25
6.2;Chapter 2.A Consistent Treatment of Thermally Conductive Magnetohydrodynamic Flows in Helmet-Streamer Coronal Structures;28
6.2.1;INTRODUCTION;28
6.2.2;THE HELMET-STREAMER MAGNETIC CONFIGURATION;28
6.2.3;ANALYTICAL FORMALISM FOR THE CALCULATION OF THE TRANSVERSE CURRENTS;29
6.2.4;IMPLEMENTATION OF THE FORMALISM;30
6.2.5;SUMMARY;30
6.2.6;REFERENCES;31
6.3;Chapter 3.Explosive Events and Magnetic Reconnection in the Solar Atmosphere;32
6.3.1;INTRODUCTION;32
6.3.2;PROPERTIES OF EXPLOSIVE EVENTS;32
6.3.3;THE ASSOCIATION OF EXPLOSIVE EVENTS WITH EMERGING AND CANCELING FLUX;36
6.3.4;DIAGNOSTICS OF MAGNETIC RECONNECTION;38
6.3.5;REFERENCES;40
6.4;Chapter 4.Compressional Instability in the Solar Wind Driven by Dissipative Heating of Alfvé
n Waves;42
6.4.1;INTRODUCTION;42
6.4.2;THEORETICAL DEVELOPMENT;42
6.4.3;SATURATED SOUND WAVES;44
6.4.4;MARGINAL STABILITY CONDITION AND GROWTH RATES;44
6.4.5;DISCUSSION;45
6.4.6;REFERENCES;45
6.5;Chapter 5.Density and Temperature Structure in a Coronal Hole;46
6.5.1;INTRODUCTION;46
6.5.2;LINE EMISSION;46
6.5.3;RESULTS AND DISCUSSION;47
6.5.4;Acknowledgements;48
6.5.5;REFERENCES;48
6.6;Chapter 6.Interpreting Observations in the Solar Wind Acceleration Region;52
6.6.1;INTRODUCTION;52
6.6.2;HYDROGEN LYMAN-ALPHA LINE PROFILE;53
6.6.3;CORONAL WHITE LIGHT MEASUREMENTS;54
6.6.4;INTERPLANETARY SCINTILLATION MEASUREMENTS;55
6.6.5;CONCLUSION;56
6.6.6;REFERENCES;57
6.7;Chapter 7.The Generation of Plasma Waves in the Acceleration Region of the Solar Wind;58
6.7.1;Theory;58
6.7.2;Result;60
6.7.3;Reference;60
6.8;Chapter 8.Variable EUV Emission in the Quiet Sun and Coronal Heating;62
6.8.1;INTRODUCTION;62
6.8.2;OBSERVATIONAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE VARIABLE EMISSION;62
6.8.3;ENERGY BUDGET OF THE VARIABLE EMISSION;66
6.8.4;CONCLUSIONS;68
6.8.5;ACKNOWLEDGMENTS;68
6.8.6;REFERENCES;69
6.9;Chapter 9.A New Interpretation of the Red-Shift Observed in Optically Thin Transition Region Lines;70
6.9.1;INTRODUCTION;70
6.9.2;RESULTS AND DISCUSSION;70
6.9.3;REFERENCES;71
6.10;Chapter 10.Status of Solar Wind Modeling from the Transition Region Outwards;74
6.10.1;INTRODUCTION;74
6.10.2;THREE MODELS;75
6.10.3;OUTSTANDING PROBLEMS;76
6.10.4;POSSIBLE FUTURE DIRECTIONS;78
6.10.5;ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS;79
6.10.6;REFERENCES;79
6.11;Chapter 11.Numerical Model for Coronal Shock Wave Formation in Two-Fluid Approximation;82
6.11.1;BASIC EQUATIONS;82
6.11.2;RESULTS;83
6.11.3;CONCLUSIONS;85
6.11.4;REFERENCES;85
6.12;Chapter 12.On the Possible Role of Plasma Waves in the Heating of Chromosphere and Corona;86
6.12.1;INTRODUCTION;86
6.12.2;QUASILINEAR HEATING RATES;86
6.12.3;SPATIAL INHOMOGENEITY AND COLLISIONAL EFFECTS;88
6.12.4;ESTIMATES OF HEATING RATES;88
6.12.5;CONCLUSIONS;89
6.12.6;REFERENCES;89
6.13;Chapter 13.Knowledge of Coronal Heating and Solar-Wind Acceleration Obtained from Observations of the Solar Wind Near 1 AU;90
6.13.1;APPROACH;90
6.13.2;RESULTS;91
6.13.3;DISCUSSION;97
6.13.4;Acknowledgements:;98
6.13.5;REFERENCES;98
6.14;Chapter 14.Heating Coronal Holes and Accelerating the Solar Wind;100
6.14.1;REFERENCES;106
6.15;Chapter 15.Modelling of Open and Closed Coronal Structures: Comparison with Detailed EUV Observations;108
6.15.1;INTRODUCTION;108
6.15.2;SIPHON FLOW MODEL;108
6.15.3;LINE SYNTHESIS;109
6.15.4;LOOP MODEL RESULTS;109
6.15.5;EXPLORATORY CORONAL HOLE STUDIES;111
6.15.6;REFERENCES;111
6.16;Chapter 16.Variation of the Green Corona Irradiance over the Solar Cycle;112
6.16.1;INTRODUCTION;112
6.16.2;RESULTS AND DISCUSSION;112
6.16.3;ACKNOWLEDGMENTS;115
6.16.4;REFERENCES;115
6.17;Chapter 17.A Two-Fluid Model of the Solar Wind;116
6.17.1;INTRODUCTION;116
6.17.2;MATHEMATICAL DESCRIPTION;116
6.17.3;METHOD OF SOLUTION;117
6.17.4;SOME RESULTS;118
6.17.5;CONCLUSION;119
6.17.6;REFERENCES;119
6.17.7;Acknowledgement:;119
6.18;Chapter 18.Structure of Solar Coronal Streamers;120
6.18.1;INTRODUCTION;120
6.18.2;GENERAL DESCRIPTION;121
6.18.3;THE GRAD-SHAFRANOV EQUATION;122
6.18.4;NUMERICAL IMPLEMENTATION;122
6.18.5;ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS;123
6.18.6;REFERENCES;123
6.19;Chapter 19.The Cause of the Coronal Temperature Inversion of the Solar Atmosphere and the Implications for the Solar Wind;124
6.19.1;INTRODUCTION;124
6.19.2;THE MODEL OF VELOCITY FILTRATION;126
6.19.3;SUMMARY;131
6.19.4;REFERENCES;132
6.20;Chapter 20. O VI Extreme Ultraviolet Radiation from Source Regions of Solar Wind;134
6.20.1;INTRODUCTION;134
6.20.2;CORONAL STRUCTURES AND MECHANISMS OF LINE FORMATION;134
6.20.3;RESULTS AND DISCUSSION;135
6.20.4;CONCLUSIONS;137
6.20.5;REFERENCES;137
6.21;Chapter 21.Alfvé
n Wave Reflection and Heating in Coronal Holes: Theory and Observation;138
6.21.1;1. INTRODUCTION;138
6.21.2;2. REFLECTION OF ALFVÉN WAVES IN A MODEL CORONAL HOLE;139
6.21.3;3. DISCUSSION;141
6.21.4;REFERENCES;141
6.22;Chapter 22.Green Corona Low Brightness Regions as the Source of the Solar Wind;142
6.22.1;INTRODUCTION;142
6.22.2;LONG-TERM DISTRIBUTION OF THE GCLBRs;142
6.22.3;DISTRIBUTION OF THE HSPSs IN LINDBLAD's CATALOGUE;143
6.22.4;RELATION OF GCLBRs TO HSPSs;144
6.22.5;REFERENCES;145
6.23;Chapter 23.The Relationship Between Solar Wind Speed and the Areal Expansion Factor;146
6.23.1;INTRODUCTION;146
6.23.2;IMPLICATIONS FOR WIND ACCELERATION MODELS;146
6.23.3;REFERENCES;149
6.24;Chapter 24.SUMER–Solar Ultraviolet Measurements of Emitted Radiation;150
6.24.1;SCIENTIFIC OBJECTIVES AND DESIGN CHARACTERISTICS;150
6.24.2;STATUS;151
6.25;Chapter 25.Fine Structure Analysis of a Prominence in Ha and Coronal Lines;152
6.25.1;1. Observations;152
6.25.2;2. Coronal Cavity;153
6.25.3;3 Velocity Field;153
6.25.4;4. Non-LTE Ha Line Formation;154
6.25.5;5. Electron Density;154
6.25.6;References;155
7;Session 2: Large-Scale Structure of the Interplanetary Medium;8
7.1;Chapter 26.
Modeling the Large-Scale Structure of the Solar Corona;158
7.1.1;INTRODUCTION;158
7.1.2;DATA ANALYSIS;158
7.1.3;CONCLUSIONS;161
7.1.4;REFERENCES;161
7.2;Chapter 27.
The Ulysses Solar Wind Plasma Investigation: Experiment Description

and Initial In-Ecliptic Results;162
7.2.1;INTRODUCTION AND EXPERIMENT DESCRIPTION;162
7.2.2;IN-ECLIPTIC ELECTRON RESULTS;163
7.2.3;REFERENCES;165
7.3;Chapter 28. Global Properties of the Plasma in the Outer Heliosphere I.large-scale structure and evolution
;166
7.3.1;INTRODUCTION;166
7.3.2;GLOBAL BEHAVIOR OF THE SOLAR WIND IN THE OUTER HELIOSPHERE;166
7.3.3;REFERENCES;169
7.4;Chapter 29. Coronal Alfvé
n Waves Detected by Radio Sounding During the Solar Occultations of the Helios Spacecraft;170
7.4.1;INTRODUCTION;170
7.4.2;TWO-STATION FARADAY ROTATION OBSERVATIONS;170
7.4.3;CORONAL VELOCITIES IMPLIED BY FR CROSS CORRELATIONS;171
7.4.4;ACKNOWLEDGEMENT;173
7.4.5;REFERENCES;173
7.5;Chapter 30.
Magnetic Structures at Sector Boundaries in the Inner Heliosphere;174
7.5.1;INTRODUCTION;174
7.5.2;SECTOR BOUNDARIES AND COMPRESSION REGIONS;174
7.5.3;HELIOS SPACECRAFT OBSERVATIONS;177
7.5.4;RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS;177
7.5.5;REFERENCES;177
7.6;Chapter 31.
Solar Cycle Changes in the Turbulence Level of the Polar Stream Near the Sun;178
7.6.1;INTRODUCTION;178
7.6.2;THEORY, OBSERVATIONS AND DATA ANALYSIS;178
7.6.3;DISCUSSION AND INTERPRETATION;179
7.6.4;REFERENCES;181
7.7;Chapter 32.
Models of the Solar Wind Driven by MHD Waves;182
7.7.1;REFERENCES;187
7.8;Chapter 33.
Magnetic Field of the Solar Wind: A Stationary Kinematic Solution with a

Finite Electric Conductivity;188
7.8.1;INTRODUCTION;188
7.8.2;FORMULATION OF THE PROBLEM AND SOLUTIONS OF EQUATIONS;188
7.8.3;TOPOLOGY OF THE MAGNETIC FIELD;190
7.8.4;ESTIMATE OF CONDUCTIVITY;190
7.8.5;CONCLUSION;191
7.8.6;REFERENCES;191
7.9;Chapter 34.
Ambiguities in IPS G-Maps: 3D Numerical Simulation Results;192
7.9.1;INTRODUCTION;192
7.9.2;AMBIGUITIES;192
7.9.3;THE 3D–
IGM;193
7.9.4;THE ROGUES' GALLERY;193
7.9.5;CONTROVERSIES AND RESEARCH AREAS;193
7.9.6;CONCLUSIONS;195
7.9.7;REFERENCES;195
7.10;Chapter 35.
Three-Dimensional Structuring of the Distant Solar Wind by Anomalous

Cosmic Ray Particles;196
7.10.1;THEORETICAL PROCEDURE;196
7.10.2;NUMERICAL PROCEDURE;197
7.10.3;NUMERICAL RESULTS;199
7.10.4;REFERENCES;200
7.11;Chapter 36.
Solar Wind Temperature Observations in the Outer Heliosphere;202
7.11.1;INTRODUCTION;202
7.11.2;SPATIAL AND TEMPORAL VARIATIONS IN SOLAR WIND TEMPERATURE;202
7.11.3;SOLAR WIND TEMPERATURES: REAL OBSERVATIONS OR INSTRUMENTAL EFFECTS
;203
7.11.4;SUMMARY: TEMPERATURES IN THE OUTER HELIOSPHERE;205
7.11.5;REFERENCES;205
7.12;Chapter 37.
The Structure of the Inner Heliosphere from Pioneer Venus and IMP Observations;206
7.12.1;INTRODUCTION;206
7.12.2;THE METHOD;206
7.12.3;RESULTS;207
7.12.4;CONCLUSIONS;208
7.12.5;REFERENCES;209
7.13;Chapter 38. Synoptic Maps of Heliospheric Thomson Scattering Brightness from 1974–
1985 as Observed by the Helios Photometers;210
7.13.1;INTRODUCTION;210
7.13.2;SYNOPTIC MAPS;211
7.13.3;RESULTS AND CONCLUSION;211
7.13.4;ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS;213
7.13.5;REFERENCES;213
7.14;Chapter 39. Large-Scale Structure of the Heliospheric Magnetic Field: 1976–
1991;214
7.14.1;INTRODUCTION;214
7.14.2;VARIATION WITH THE SOLAR CYCLE;216
7.14.3;CONCLUSIONS;219
7.14.4;REFERENCES;219
7.15;Chapter 40.
Evolution of Spatial and Temporal Correlations in the Solar Wind: Observations and Interpretation;220
7.15.1;INTRODUCTION;220
7.15.2;DATA ANALYSIS;221
7.15.3;SUMMARY;223
7.15.4;REFERENCES;223
7.16;Chapter 41.
Solar Wind Observed Within 0.3 AU with Interplanetary Scintillation;224
7.16.1;INTRODUCTION;224
7.16.2;HELIOCENTRIC DISTANCE DEPENDENCE OF THE SOLAR WIND SPEED;224
7.16.3;VERY SLOW SPEED WIND;225
7.16.4;DISCUSSION;226
7.16.5;REFERENCES;227
7.17;Chapter 42.
A Numerical Model of the Large-Scale Solar Wind in the Outer Heliosphere;228
7.17.1;INTRODUCTION;228
7.17.2;THE MODEL;228
7.17.3;RESULTS AND DISCUSSION;229
7.17.4;CONCLUSION;231
7.17.5;REFERENCES;231
7.18;Chapter 43.
The Interplanetary H Glow as Seen by Voyager During the Cruise;232
7.18.1;INTRODUCTION;232
7.18.2;MODEL;232
7.18.3;FL DATA/MODEL COMPARISON;233
7.18.4;ROLL MANEUVERS (RM);233
7.18.5;DISCUSSION;233
7.18.6;NEUTRAL H DENSITY;234
7.18.7;CONCLUSION;234
7.18.8;References;234
7.19;Chapter 44.
Detection of the Coronal Plasma Sheet on the Solar Disk;236
7.19.1;INTRODUCTION;236
7.19.2;RADIO OBSERVATIONS;236
7.19.3;RESULTS;237
7.19.4;CONCLUSION;238
7.19.5;REFERENCES;239
7.20;Chapter 45.
Investigation of the Solar Wind Transonic Region;240
7.20.1;INTRODUCTION;240
7.20.2;RADIO OCCULTATION OBSERVATIONS;240
7.20.3;SUMMARY;242
7.20.4;REFERENCES;243
7.21;Chapter 46.
The Large-Scale Configuration of the Near-Solar Plasma;244
7.21.1;INTRODUCTION;244
7.21.2;OBSERVATIONS;244
7.21.3;MAPPING THE TRANSONIC REGION;245
7.21.4;CONCLUSIONS;247
7.21.5;REFERENCES;247
7.22;Chapter 47.
Disconnection of Open Coronal Magnetic Structures;248
7.22.1;INTRODUCTION;248
7.22.2;OBSERVATIONS;249
7.22.3;DISCUSSION;251
7.22.4;REFERENCES;251
7.23;Chapter 48.
Concerning Solar Sources for Cycle 22 Solar Wind Activity in the Heliosphere;252
7.23.1;INTRODUCTION;252
7.23.2;ONSET OF SOLAR CYCLE ACTIVITY AT PIONEER 11;252
7.23.3;ONSET OF SOLAR CYCLE ACTIVITY AT PIONEER 10;254
7.23.4;REMARKABLE LARGE SHOCKS OBSERVED NEAR 48 AU;255
7.23.5;REFERENCES;255
7.24;Chapter 49.
Recurrence: Implications for Heliospheric Cosmic Ray Transport;256
7.24.1;TECHNIQUE;256
7.24.2;COSMIC RAY RECURRENCE PERIOD;256
7.24.3;RECURRENCE AMPLITUDE HISTORY;258
7.24.4;CONCLUSIONS;259
7.24.5;REFERENCES;259
7.25;Chapter 50.
Coronal Sounding with Ulysses: Preliminary Results from the First Solar Conjunction;260
7.25.1;INTRODUCTION;260
7.25.2;SCIENTIFIC OBJECTIVES;260
7.25.3;CORONAL ELECTRON CONTENT;261
7.25.4;FIRST INTERPRETATIONS;261
7.25.5;ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS;263
7.25.6;REFERENCES;263
7.26;Chapter 51.
On Spectral Structure Evolution of Interplanetary Medium Parameters;264
7.26.1;INTRODUCTION;264
7.26.2;DATA;264
7.26.3;CALCULATION AND DISCUSSION;264
7.26.4;SUMMARY;267
7.26.5;REFERENCES;267
7.27;Chapter 52. On the Detection of Heliospheric Interface Properties from Interstellar/
Interplanetary Lyman a Profiles: Example of Baranov's Two-Shock Model;268
7.27.1;INTRODUCTION;268
7.27.2;HYDROGEN CELL OBSERVATIONS;269
7.27.3;BARANOV'S TWO SHOCK MODEL: MONTECARLO MODEL OF NEUTRAL FLOW;270
7.27.4;LYMAN

a LINE PROFILE;272
7.27.5;CONCLUSION;273
7.27.6;REFERENCES;273
7.28;Chapter 53.
MHD Modelling of the Heliospheric Interface;274
7.28.1;REFERENCES;277
7.29;Chapter 54.
IPS Observations of the Solar Wind Velocity and Microscale Density

Irregularities in the Inner Solar Wind;278
7.29.1;INTERPLANETARY SCINTILLATION (IPS) MEASUREMENTS;278
7.29.2;RESULTS;278
7.29.3;DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS;279
7.29.4;REFERENCES;281
7.30;Chapter 55.
Indications for Axial Asymmetries in the Interplanetary Hydrogen

Distribution Derived from Pioneer-10 Lyman-Alpha Data;282
7.30.1;INTRODUCTION;282
7.30.2;REDUCTION AND PRESENTATION OF THE DATA;283
7.30.3;ACKNOWLEDGEMENT;285
7.30.4;REFERENCES;285
7.31;Chapter 56.
Coronal Holes and Solar Wind Streams During the Sunspot Cycle;286
7.31.1;Introduction;286
7.31.2;Attempts to Obtain an Empirical Understanding;287
7.31.3;Implications of a Wind-Speed/Expansion-Factor Inverse Relation;289
7.31.4;A Physical Basis for the Inverse Relation;292
7.31.5;Summary;293
7.31.6;Acknowledgements;293
7.31.7;References;293
7.32;Chapter 57.
Observational Study of the IMF Spiral North and South of the Current Sheet;296
7.32.1;Introduction;296
7.32.2;Overwinding of the IMF;296
7.32.3;North-South Asymmetry of the IMF;298
7.32.4;Acknowledgements:;299
7.32.5;References;299
7.33;Chapter 58. Global Structure of the Oncoming Local Interstellar Plasma Flow about a Simplified Heliopause Interface;300
7.33.1;INTRODUCTION;300
7.33.2;REFERENCES;303
7.34;Chapter 59.
The Magnetic Field in the Heliosheath;304
7.34.1;1. INTRODUCTION;304
7.34.2;2. SPHERICAL FLOW: KINEMATIC MAGNETIC FIELD;304
7.34.3;3. SPHERICAL FLOW: MHD EFFECTS;305
7.34.4;3. NON-SPHERICAL FLOW: KINEMATIC MAGNETIC FIELD;305
7.34.5;REFERENCES;307
7.35;Chapter 60.
The Latitudinal Dependence of the Solar lonization Rate as Deduced from the

Prognoz-6 Lyman-Alpha Measurements;308
7.35.1;INTRODUCTION;308
7.35.2;LATITUDINAL VARIATION OF THE IONIZATION RATE;309
7.35.3;SOLAR WIND VELOCITY AND DENSITY VARIATIONS;310
7.35.4;CONCLUSIONS;311
7.35.5;REFERENCES;311
7.36;Chapter 61.
Observations of the Solar Wind Near the Sun from Microwave IPS Phenomena;312
7.36.1;INTRODUCTION;312
7.36.2;MODEL OF IPS POWER SPECTRUM;312
7.36.3;SPECTRAL FITTING ANALYSIS;313
7.36.4;RESULTS AND DISCUSSION;313
7.36.5;REFERENCES;315
7.37;Chapter 62.
On the Possibility of Regressive Diagnostics of the Neutral Heliospheric Current Sheet Shape;316
7.37.1;INITIAL CONSIDERATIONS;316
7.37.2;DATA AND DATA PROCESSING;317
7.37.3;SUMMARY OF RESULTS;318
7.37.4;REFERENCES;319
7.38;Chapter 63.
On the Large-Scale Magnetic Field Structure in the Outer Heliosphere;320
7.38.1;INTRODUCTION;320
7.38.2;..GNETIC FIELD MODELS;320
7.38.3;FIELD LINE STRUCTURE IN THE OUTER HELIOSPHERE;321
7.38.4;DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION;323
7.38.5;REFERENCES;323
7.39;Chapter 64.
Travelling Interplanetary Disturbances from Radioastronomical Data;324
7.39.1;INTRODUCTION;324
7.39.2;THE AVERAGE SCALE IN HELIOLONGITUDE AND LATITUDE CROSS–
SECTIONS;325
7.39.3;EAST– WEST ASYMMETRY OF TRAVELLING DISTURBANCES;326
7.39.4;THE AVERAGE VELOCITY OF TRAVELLING DISTURBANCES;327
7.39.5;THE EXPOSURE OF THE INTERPLANETARY SHOCK WAVES;328
7.39.6;INTERPLANETARY SHOCK GEOMETRY;328
7.39.7;THE VELOCITY OF INTERPLANETARY SHOCK WAVES AT DIFFERENT HELIOCENTRIC DISTANCES;330
7.39.8;REFERENCES;332
7.40;Chapter 65.
A Two-Dimensional MHD Global Coronal Model: Steady-State Streamers;334
7.40.1;1. INTRODUCTION;334
7.40.2;2. THE PHYSICAL AND NUMERICAL MODEL;334
7.40.3;3. THE CALCULATIONS;335
7.40.4;4. ACCURACY AND STABILITY OF CALCULATIONS;337
7.40.5;5. NEW RESULTS;337
7.40.6;REFERENCES;337
7.41;Chapter 66.
A Simulation Study of the Outer Heliosphere Including the Solar Rotation Effect;338
7.41.1;INTRODUCTION;338
7.41.2;METHOD OF SIMULATION;338
7.41.3;RESULTS AND DISCUSSION;339
7.41.4;REFERENCES;341
7.42;Chapter 67.
Observations of Large-Scale Structure in the Inner Heliosphere with Doppler

Scintillation Measurements;342
7.42.1;INTRODUCTION;342
7.42.2;DOPPLER SCINTILLATION MEASUREMENTS AND RESULTS;343
7.42.3;CONCLUSIONS;345
7.42.4;ACKNOWLEDGMENTS;345
7.42.5;REFERENCES;345
8;Session 3: Minor I
ons, Neutrals and Cosmic Rays in the Heliosphere;11
8.1;Chapter 68.
Minor Ions-Tracers for Physical Processes in the Heliosphere;348
8.1.1;INTRODUCTION;348
8.1.2;3He IN THE SOLAR WIND - A TRACER FOR TRANSPORT PROCESSES IN THE INTERIOR OF THE SUN;349
8.1.3;CHARGE STATE OF HINOR IONS IN PLASMOIDS;352
8.1.4;DISCUSSION;355
8.1.5;ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS;355
8.1.6;REFERENCES;355
8.2;Chapter 69.
Dynamics of Alpha Particles in Coronal Streamer Type Geometries;358
8.2.1;Introduction;358
8.2.2;The Model;358
8.2.3;Results;359
8.2.4;Conclusions;361
8.2.5;Acknowlegments;361
8.2.6;References;361
8.3;Chapter 70.
Silicon and Oxygen Charge State Distributions and Relative Abundances in the

Solar Wind Measured by SWICS on Ulysses;362
8.3.1;INTRODUCTION;362
8.3.2;INSTRUMENTATION AND METHODOLOGY;362
8.3.3;SURVEY RESULTS;363
8.3.4;DISCUSSION;364
8.3.5;ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS;365
8.3.6;REFERENCES;365
8.4;Chapter 71.
Ions with Low Charges in the Solar Wind as Measured by SWICS on Board Ulysses;366
8.4.1;I INTRODUCTION;366
8.4.2;II EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS;368
8.4.3;III DISCUSSION;370
8.4.4;ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS:;372
8.4.5;REFERENCES;372
8.5;Chapter 72.
Detection of Singly Ionized Energetic Lunar Pick-Up Ions Upstream of Earth's Bow Shock;374
8.5.1;I. INTRODUCTION;374
8.5.2;II. SPACECRAFT AND INSTRUMENTATION;374
8.5.3;III. EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS;375
8.5.4;IV. DISCUSSION;376
8.5.5;ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS;379
8.5.6;REFERENCES;379
8.6;Chapter 73.
Techniques for the Remote Sensing of Space Plasma in the Heliosphere via

Energetic Neutral Atoms: A Review;382
8.6.1;INTRODUCTION;382
8.6.2;PRINCIPLE OF ENA REMOTE SENSING AND DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS;383
8.6.3;SAMPLE DESIGNS;384
8.6.4;FURTHER DEVELOPMENT;386
8.6.5;CONCLUSION;387
8.6.6;ACKNOWLEDGEMENT;387
8.6.7;ADDENDUM;387
8.6.8;REFERENCES;387
8.7;Chapter 74.
Sensing the Solar-Wind Termination Shock from Earth's Orbit;390
8.7.1;INTRODUCTION;390
8.7.2;RESULTS FROM MODELING;391
8.7.3;CONCLUSION;393
8.7.4;ACKNOWLEDGEMENT;393
8.7.5;REFERENCES;393
8.8;Chapter 75.
Solar Wind Iron and Oxygen Charge States and Relative Abundances

Measured by SWICS on Ulysses;394
8.8.1;INTRODUCTION;394
8.8.2;OBSERVATIONS;395
8.8.3;DISCUSSION;397
8.8.4;ACKNOWLEDGMENTS;397
8.8.5;REFERENCES;398
8.9;Chapter 76.
Composition Signatures in SEP Events: Initial Results from the COSPIN

LET Experiment on Ulysses;400
8.9.1;INTRODUCTION;400
8.9.2;INSTRUMENTATION AND ANALYSIS;400
8.9.3;OBSERVATIONS;401
8.9.4;RESULTS AND DISCUSSION;401
8.9.5;CONCLUSIONS;403
8.9.6;REFERENCES;403
8.10;Chapter 77.
Solar Wind Composition from Sector Boundary Crossings and Coronal Mass Ejections;404
8.10.1;INTRODUCTION;404
8.10.2;ANALYSIS;404
8.10.3;DISCUSSION OF RESULTS;408
8.10.4;CONCLUSIONS;408
8.10.5;REFERENCES;408
8.11;Chapter 78.
Imaging Heliospheric Shocks Using Energetic Neutral Atoms ;410
8.11.1;INTRODUCTION TO ENA IMAGING OF HELIOSPHERIC SHOCK STRUCTURE;410
8.11.2;QUANTITATIVE MODELS FOR SHOCK-ASSOCIATED ION DISTRIBUTIONS;411
8.11.3;DISCUSSION OF SIMULATED ENA IMAGES AND QUANTITATIVE INFERENCES;414
8.11.4;REFERENCES;415
8.12;Chapter 79.
Pick-Up Ions Dependence/Influence on the Solar Wind Characteristics;

Possible Relevance to the Diagnostics of Heliospheric Plasma-VLISM Interactions;416
8.12.1;INTRODUCTION;416
8.12.2;THEORETICAL APPROACH;417
8.12.3;DEPENDENCE OF HE+ AND H+ FLUXES ON SOLAR WIND CHARACTERISTICS;417
8.12.4;EXPECTED HEAVY PICK-UP ION FLUXES;420
8.12.5;SUMMARY OF PICK-UP IONS INFLUENCE ON SOLAR WIND COMPOSITION;422
8.12.6;PROSPECTS FOR THE FUTURE;422
8.12.7;REFERENCES;423
8.13;Chapter 80.
Magnesium, Carbon, and Oxygen Abundances in Different Solar Wind

Flow Types, as Measured by SWICS on Ulysses;424
8.13.1;INTRODUCTION;424
8.13.2;DATA SELECTION AND ANALYSIS;424
8.13.3;RESULTS;425
8.13.4;CONCLUSIONS;426
8.13.5;ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS;427
8.13.6;REFERENCES;428
8.14;Chapter 81.
Elemental Abundances and their Variations in the Upper Solar Atmosphere;430
8.14.1;INTRODUCTION;430
8.14.2;ABUNDANCES FROM SKYLAB;431
8.14.3;ABUNDANCES FROM SOLAR SOFT X-RAYS;433
8.14.4;REFERENCES;435
8.15;Chapter 82.
Helium Abundance, Acceleration, and Heating and Large-Scale Structure

of the Solar Wind;436
8.15.1;INTRODUCTION;436
8.15.2;HELIUM VARIATIONS IN DIFFERENT STREAMS OF SOLAR WIND;436
8.15.3;DYNAMICS OF HELIUM VELOCITY AND TEMPERATURE;438
8.15.4;DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION;442
8.15.5;REFERENCES;442
9;Session 4: Kinetic Physics, Waves and;12
9.1;Chapter 83.
Bernstein Waves in the Solar Wind;446
9.1.1;INTRODUCTION;446
9.1.2;THE MODEL;446
9.1.3;ELECTRIC FIELD CALCULATION;447
9.1.4;REFERENCES;449
9.2;Chapter 84. Inner Heliosphere Observations of MHD Turbulence in the Solar Wind. Challenges to Theory;450
9.2.1;WHY INNER HELIOSPHERE AND SOLAR CYCLE MINIMUM;450
9.2.2;STREAM STRUCTURE AND LARGE SCALE ALFVENICITY;450
9.2.3;THE NATURE OF

e MODES AND THEIR ROLE;453
9.2.4;CONCLUSIONS AND OPEN PROBLEMS;454
9.2.5;ACKNOWLEDGMENTS;455
9.2.6;REFERENCES;455
9.3;Chapter 85.
Multifractals in the Solar Wind;456
9.3.1;INTRODUCTION;456
9.3.2;INTERMITTENT TURBULENCE AND MULTIFRACTALS IN RECURRENT STREAMS;457
9.3.3;OTHER OBSERVATIONS OF MULTIFRACTALS;459
9.3.4;SUMMARY;459
9.3.5;REFERENCES;459
9.4;Chapter 86. Anisotropy in the Spectra of Alfvé
nic MHD Fluctuations in the Solar Wind;460
9.4.1;REFERENCES;463
9.5;Chapter 87. Interplanetary Scintillation, Alfvén Waves and Anisotropic Microstructure;464
9.5.1;INTRODUCTION;464
9.5.2;EFFECT OF ALFVEN WAVES ON INTERFEROMETRY;466
9.5.3;EFFECT OF ALFVEN WAVES ON INTENSITY SCINTILLATIONS;466
9.5.4;SUMMARY;468
9.5.5;ACKNOWLEGEMENTS;468
9.5.6;REFERENCES;468
9.6;Chapter 88.
Evolution of Trapped Radiation in a 3-Dimensional Heliosphere: A Computer Simulation;470
9.6.1;INTRODUCTION;470
9.6.2;THE MODEL;470
9.6.3;METHOD;471
9.6.4;RESULTS;471
9.6.5;DISCUSSION;473
9.6.6;REFERENCES;473
9.7;Chapter 89. Interplanetary Scintillation, Alfvén Waves and Anisotropic Microstructure;464
9.7.1;INTRODUCTION;464
9.7.2;EFFECT OF ALFVEN WAVES ON INTERFEROMETRY;466
9.7.3;EFFECT OF ALFVEN WAVES ON INTENSITY SCINTILLATIONS;466
9.7.4;SUMMARY;468
9.7.5;ACKNOWLEGEMENTS;468
9.7.6;REFERENCES;468
9.8;Chapter 90.
Evolution of Trapped Radiation in a 3-Dimensional Heliosphere: A Computer Simulation;470
9.8.1;INTRODUCTION;470
9.8.2;THE MODEL;470
9.8.3;METHOD;471
9.8.4;RESULTS;471
9.8.5;DISCUSSION;473
9.8.6;REFERENCES;473
9.9;Chapter 91.
Acceleration of Alpha Particles by Ion-Cyclotron Waves and Proton Thermal Anisotropy;474
9.9.1;INTRODUCTION;474
9.9.2;THE DISPERSION RELATION;475
9.9.3;THE INITIAL ALPHA–PROTON DRIFT VELOCITY;476
9.9.4;SUMMARY;477
9.9.5;REFERENCES;477
9.10;Chapter 92.
MHD Turbulence: Theory/Simulations;478
9.10.1;INTRODUCTION;478
9.10.2;HOMOGENEOUS INCOMPRESSIBLE"ALFVEN WAVES TURBULENCE";478
9.10.3;TURBULENCE WITH u˜b
;479
9.10.4;NONLINEAR EVOLUTION AND SPHERICAL EXPANSION;481
9.10.5;CONCLUSION;482
9.10.6;ACKNOWLEDGMENTS;482
9.10.7;REFERENCES;483
9.11;Chapter 93.
Peculiarities of the MHD Discontinuities Interactions in the Solar Wind;484
9.11.1;INTRODUCTION;484
9.11.2;METHODOIO
GY;485
9.11.3;MAIN RESULTS;485
9.11.4;REFERENCES;486
9.12;Chapter 94.
The Density Fluctuation Power Spectrum of the Inner Solar Wind;488
9.12.1;INTRODUCTION;488
9.12.2;THE SPECTRUM MODEL OF COLES AND HARMON (1989);488
9.12.3;RESULTS FROM VOYAGER RADIO MEASUREMENTS;489
9.12.4;REFERENCES;491
9.13;Chapter 95.
Interplanetary Fast Shock Diagnosis with the Radio Receiver on Ulysses;492
9.13.1;INTRODUCTION;492
9.13.2;OBSERVATIONS;492
9.13.3;RESULTS;493
9.13.4;CONCLUSION;495
9.13.5;AKNOWLEDGEMENTS;495
9.13.6;REFERENCES;495
9.14;Chapter 96.
Particle Orbits and Acceleration in a Filamentary Current Sheet Model;496
9.14.1;INTRODUCTION;496
9.14.2;TEST PARTICLE ORBITS IN A FILAMENTARY CURRENT SHEET;497
9.14.3;DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS;499
9.14.4;REFERENCES;499
9.15;Chapter 97.
Plasma Density Fluctuations as Indicators of Wave Processes in Solar Wind MHD Waves;500
9.15.1;I. DATA ANALYSIS;500
9.15.2;II. d. - bx CORRELATION;500
9.15.3;III. TWO-WAVE POPULATIONS;502
9.15.4;IV. SUMMARY;503
9.15.5;REFERENCES;503
9.16;Chapter 98.
Plasma Wave Phenomena at Interplanetary Shocks Observed by the Ulysses URAP Experiment;504
9.16.1;INTRODUCTION;504
9.16.2;DATA;504
9.16.3;ANALYSIS OF MAY 27, 1991 SHOCK;505
9.16.4;GENERAL RESULTS;506
9.16.5;SUMMARY;507
9.16.6;REFERENCES;507
9.17;Chapter 99. Two Dimensional PIC Simulations of Plasma Heating by the Dissipation of Alfvé
n Waves;508
9.17.1;INTRODUCTION;508
9.17.2;BACKGROUND AND MODEL;509
9.17.3;SIMULATION RESULTS;509
9.17.4;DISCUSSION;512
9.17.5;REFERENCES;513
9.18;Chapter 100. Energy Dissipation by .lfvén Waves Propagating in an Inhomogeneous Magnetic Field;514
9.18.1;REFERENCES;517
9.19;Chapter 101.
Characteristics of Power Spectra of Low Frequency Magnetic Field

Fluctuations in the Terrestrial Foreshock;518
9.19.1;INTRODUCTION;518
9.19.2;STATISTICAL ANALYSIS;518
9.19.3;A STRONG ALFVENIC TURBULENCE MODEL;519
9.19.4;DISCUSSION;519
9.19.5;REFERENCES;521
9.20;Chapter 102.
Surface and Body Waves in Solar Wind Flow Tubes;522
9.20.1;INTRODUCTION;522
9.20.2;DISPERSION RELATIONS OF SURFACE AND BODY WAVES;522
9.20.3;DISCUSSION;523
9.20.4;ACKNOWLEDGEMENT;525
9.20.5;REFERENCES;525
9.21;Chapter 103.
Introduction to Kinetic Physics, Waves and Turbulence in the Solar Wind;526
9.21.1;INTRODUCTION;526
9.21.2;SUMMARY OF OBSERVATIONS;526
9.21.3;DISSIPATION AND KINETIC HEATING;528
9.21.4;STRUCTURE FUNCTION AND SPATIAL INTERMITTENCY;529
9.21.5;SPECTRAL TRANSFER EQUATIONS;530
9.21.6;REFERENCES;531
9.22;Chapter 104.
Electric Field Fluctuations and Possible Dynamo Effects in the Solar Wind;532
9.22.1;INTRODUCTION;532
9.22.2;ELECTRIC FIELD FLUCTUATIONS AND THE ELECTROMOTIVE FORCE

.;532
9.22.3;TURBULENT ELECTRIC FIELD SPECTRA;534
9.22.4;DYNAMO THEORY AND THE ALPHA EFFECT;534
9.22.5;CONCLUSIONS;536
9.22.6;REFERENCES;537
9.23;Chapter 105.
Weakly Inhomogeneous MHD Turbulence and Transport of Solar Wind Fluctuations;538
9.23.1;1 Introduction;538
9.23.2;2 Solar Wind Spectral Evolution in WKB and related theories;538
9.23.3;3 Structure of two-scale transport theories;539
9.23.4;4 Relation to WKB theory: Multiple scales analysis;542
9.23.5;5 Conclusions;543
9.23.6;6 References;543
9.24;Chapter 106.
Anomalous Diffusion in Solar Wind Plasmas Caused by Electrostatic Turbulence;544
9.24.1;1. INTRODUCTION;544
9.24.2;2. KINETIC EQUATION;544
9.24.3;2. SOLUTION;544
9.24.4;REFERENCES;546
9.25;Chapter 107.
Stochastic Forces on Particles in Plasmas with Ion-Acoustic Instability;548
9.25.1;1. INTRODUCTION;548
9.25.2;2. LANGEVIN-EQUATION;548
9.25.3;3. CONCLUSIONS;549
9.25.4;REFERENCES;549
9.26;Chapter 108.
Evolution of Solar Wind Fluctuations and the Influence of Turbulent 'Mixing';550
9.26.1;INTRODUCTION AND THE MODEL;550
9.26.2;RESULTS AND DISCUSSION;552
9.26.3;REFERENCES;553
9.27;Chapter 109.
Solar Wind Thermal Electron Distributions;554
9.27.1;REFERENCES;559
9.28;Chapter 110.
Observation and Simulation of the Radial Evolution and Stream Structure of

Solar Wind Turbulence;560
9.28.1;INTRODUCTION;560
9.28.2;SUMMARY OF OBSERVATIONS;560
9.28.3;SIMULATION RESULTS AND COMPARISONS TO DATA;561
9.28.4;SUMMARY;564
9.28.5;REFERENCES;564
9.29;Chapter 111.
The Evolution of Large-Amplitude MHD Waves Near Quasi-Parallel Shocks in the Solar Wind;566
9.29.1;I. INTRODUCTION AND SUMMARY OF PRIOR INVESTIGATIONS;566
9.29.2;II. THE PROSPECT OF AN "AUGMENTED DNLS";568
9.29.3;III. NUMERICAL STUDIES OF WAVE PACKET EVOLUTION WITH OBLIQUITY AND GROWTH;569
9.29.4;IV. CONCLUSIONS;570
9.29.5;ACKNOWLEDGMENTS;571
9.29.6;REFERENCES;571
9.30;Chapter 112. Estimation of High Energy Solar Particle Transport Parameters During the Gle's In 1989
;572
9.30.1;INTRODUCTION;572
9.30.2;MODEL FOR PARTICLE PROPAG.....;572
9.30.3;FLUX ESTIMATIONS;574
9.30.4;TRANSPORT PARAMETERS;575
9.30.5;DISCUSSION;575
9.30.6;CONCLUSIONS;575
9.30.7;ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS;575
9.30.8;REFERENCES;575
9.31;Chapter 113.
The Evolution of MHD Turbulence in the Solar Wind;576
9.31.1;INTRODUCTION;576
9.31.2;AN EXTENDED MODEL FOR THE RADIAL EVOLUTION OF SOLAR WIND FLUCTUATIONS;577
9.31.3;THE BASIC ASSUMPTIONS AND APPROXIMATIONS OF THE MODEL;579
9.31.4;THE TRANSFER EQUATIONS;580
9.31.5;COMPARISON OF THE MODEL RESULTS WITH OBSERVATIONS;580
9.31.6;CONCLUSIONS AND DISCUSSIONS;581
9.31.7;ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS;581
9.31.8;REFERENCES;581
9.32;Chapter 114.
Correlations Between the Level of MHD Fluctuations and the Bulk Speed

and Mass Flux in the Solar Wind;582
9.32.1;INTRODUCTION;582
9.32.2;DATA SOURCE AND ANALYSIS;583
9.32.3;THE LOW-ENERGY–
FLUX WIND;583
9.32.4;CONCLUSIONS;584
9.32.5;ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS;585
9.32.6;REFERENCES;585
9.33;Chapter 115.
Correlation, Anisotropy and Compressibility of Low Frequency Fluctuations in Solar Wind;586
9.33.1;INTRODUCTION;586
9.33.2;ANISOTROPY AND INCOMPRESSIBILITY;587
9.33.3;CORRELATION, COMPRESSIBILITY AND INHOMOGENEITY;587
9.33.4;CONCLUSIONS;590
9.33.5;REFERENCES;591
9.34;Chapter 116.
Whistler Instability and Magnetic Moment Diffusion of Electron Distribution

Functions at the Earth's Bow Shock;592
9.34.1;INTRODUCTION;592
9.34.2;WHISTLER INSTABILITY ANALYSIS;592
9.34.3;MAGNETIC MOMENT DIFFUSION AND MONTE CARLO SIMULATION;594
9.34.4;CONCLUSIONS;595
9.34.5;REFERENCES;595
9.35;Chapter 117. Alfvén Wave Propagation in the Solar Atmosphere and Models of MHD Turbulence in the Solar Wind;596
9.35.1;INTRODUCTION;596
9.35.2;PROPAGATION IN THE STATIC CORONA;596
9.35.3;PROPAGATION IN THE SOLAR WIND AND ALFVENIC TURBULENCE;598
9.35.4;REFERENCES;599
9.36;Chapter 118.
Magnetospheric Low-Frequency Nonresonant Ion-Beam Turbulence;600
9.36.1;INTRODUCTION;600
9.36.2;THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK;600
9.36.3;SPECIAL CASES;601
9.36.4;DISCUSSION;603
9.36.5;ACKOWLEDGMENTS;603
9.36.6;REFERENCES;603
9.37;Chapter 119. Parametric Instabilities of Large Amplitude .lfvén Waves with Obliquely Propagating Sidebands;604
9.37.1;INTRODUCTION;604
9.37.2;MATHEMATICAL DESCRIPTION: LINEAR THEORY;605
9.37.3;NUMERICAL RESULTS;605
9.37.4;SUMMARY;608
9.37.5;REFERENCES;608
9.38;Chapter 120.
Observations of the Electron Density Spectrum Near the Sun During Spectral Broadening Transients;610
9.38.1;INTRODUCTION;610
9.38.2;SPECTRAL BROADENING OBSERVATIONS;610
9.38.3;TRANSIENT RESULTS;610
9.38.4;CONCLUSIONS;612
9.38.5;ACKNOWLEDGMENTS;613
9.38.6;REFERENCES;613
9.39;Chapter 121.
Nearly Incompressible Fluid Dynamics;614
9.39.1;1 Introduction;614
9.39.2;2 Clues and constraints from the solar wind;614
9.39.3;3 Theoretical description;616
9.39.4;4 Conclusions;620
9.39.5;Acknowledgements;620
10;Session 5: Heliospheric Dynamic Phenomena;16
10.1;Chapter 122.
Evolution Properties of the Magnetic Field Structure of the Flaring Active

Region HR 16 631 and Associated Solar Wind Phenomena on February 2-6,1980;624
10.1.1;INTRODUCTION;624
10.1.2;DATA AND RESULTS;624
10.1.3;SUMMARY;627
10.1.4;REFERENCES;627
10.2;Chapter 123.
Magnetic Cloud Observations by the Helios Spacecraft;628
10.2.1;INTRODUCTION;628
10.2.2;MAGNETIC CLOUDS OBSERVED BY THE HELIOS SPACECRAFT;630
10.2.3;RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS;631
10.2.4;REFERENCES;631
10.3;Chapter 124.
The Modeling of Dynamical Processes in the Solar Wind by the Method of Macroparticles;632
10.3.1;INTRODUCTION;632
10.3.2;CALCULATION TECHNIQUE;632
10.3.3;THE CAPABILITIES AND DRAWBACKS OF THE CODE;634
10.3.4;DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION;635
10.3.5;Acknowledgements,;635
10.3.6;REFERENCES;635
10.4;Chapter 125. Relations Between Parameters of Coronal Mass Ejections and Solar Flare Microwave and Soft X-Ray Bursts;636
10.4.1;INTRODUCTION;636
10.4.2;DISTRIBUTION OF THE CME EVENTS ON THE INTENSITY–
DURATION PLOTS;636
10.4.3;CONCLUSION AND DISCUSSION;637
10.4.4;REFERENCES;639
10.5;Chapter 126. Comparative Study of Dynamically Expanding Force-Free, Constant-Alpha Magnetic Configurations with Applications to Magnetic Clouds;640
10.5.1;INTRODUCTION;640
10.5.2;DATA EXAMPLE;640
10.5.3;THE EXPANDING MAGNETIC FIELD CONFIGURATIONS;641
10.5.4;LEAST SQUARES FITTING: RESULTS;642
10.5.5;CONCLUSIONS;643
10.5.6;REFERENCES;643
10.6;Chapter 127. Radial Expansion of An Ideal Mhd Configuration And The Temporal Development Of The Magnetic Field;644
10.6.1;INTRODUCTION;644
10.6.2;BASIC EQUATIONS AND ASSUMPTIONS;644
10.6.3;TIME EVOLUTION OF THE MAGNETIC HELD;645
10.6.4;ASYMPTOTIC BEHAVIOUR;646
10.6.5;SPECIAL CASE: SELF-SIMILAR EXPANSION;646
10.6.6;WEAKLY NON-SELF-SIMILAR VELOCITY PROFILE;646
10.6.7;CONCLUDING REMARKS;647
10.6.8;REFERENCES;647
10.7;Chapter 128. Counterstreaming Solar Wind Halo Electron Events on Open Field Lines
;648
10.7.1;INTRODUCTION;648
10.7.2;OBSERVATIONS;648
10.7.3;CONCLUSIONS;651
10.7.4;REFERENCES;651
10.8;Chapter 129. Solar-Generated Disturbances in the Heliosphere;652
10.8.1;INTRODUCTION;652
10.8.2;MASS EJECTIONS;653
10.8.3;SHOCKS;657
10.8.4;CONCLUSIONS;660
10.8.5;Acknowledgements:;660
10.8.6;REFERENCES;660
10.9;Chapter 130. Radio Observations of Energetic Electrons Associated with Coronal Shock Waves: Evidence for Shock Acceleration
;664
10.9.1;INTRODUCTION;664
10.9.2;"SHOCK ASSOCIATED EVENTS" AND METRIC CONTINUA;664
10.9.3;DISCUSSION;666
10.9.4;ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS;667
10.9.5;REFERENCES;667
10.10;Chapter 131. Relation Between Coronal mm-Wave Sources, Noise Storms, A
nd CMEs;668
10.10.1;1. INTRODUCTION;668
10.10.2;2. GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS OF CMMSs;668
10.10.3;3. RELATION BETWEEN CMMSs, X-RAYS, NOISE STORMS, A N D CMEs;669
10.10.4;4. CONCLUSIONS;670
10.10.5;REFERENCES;670
10.11;Chapter 132. Regulation of the Interplanetary Magnetic Field;672
10.11.1;INTRODUCTION;672
10.11.2;OBSERVATIONS;673
10.11.3;SUMMARY;675
10.11.4;CONCLUSION;675
10.11.5;REFERENCES;675
10.12;Chapter 133. Remote Radio Observations of Solar Wind Parameters Upstream of Planetary Bow Shocks;676
10.12.1;INTRODUCTION;676
10.12.2;OBSERVATIONS AND RESULTS;677
10.12.3;DISCUSSION;678
10.12.4;References;679
10.13;Chapter 134. Quantitative Analysis of Bidirectional Electron Fluxes within Coronal Mass Ejections at 1 AU;680
10.13.1;INTRODUCTION;680
10.13.2;OBSERVATIONS;680
10.13.3;SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS;685
10.13.4;ACKNOWLEDGMENTS;685
10.13.5;REFERENCES;685
10.14;Chapter 135. Observation of Local Radio Emission Associated with Type III Radio Bursts and Langmuir Waves;686
10.14.1;INTRODUCTION;686
10.14.2;ULYSSES OBSERVATIONS OF LOCAL TYPE III EMISSION;687
10.14.3;Discussion;690
10.14.4;Conclusion;691
10.14.5;References;691
10.15;Chapter 136. A Quantitative Assessment of the Role of the Post-Shock Turbulent Region in the Formation of Forbush Decreases;692
10.15.1;INTRODUCTION;692
10.15.2;MAGNETIC FIELD AND SOLAR WIND CHANGES;692
10.15.3;RADIAL DIFFUSION COEFFICIENT;693
10.15.4;CONCLUSIONS;695
10.15.5;REFERENCES;695
10.16;Chapter 137. Comparison of 21/2D and 3D Simulations of Propagating Interplanetary Shocks;696
10.16.1;INTRODUCTION;696
10.16.2;SIMULATIONS;696
10.16.3;RESULTS;697
10.16.4;CONCLUSIONS;699
10.16.5;REFERENCES;699
10.17;Chapter 138. Magnetic Clouds: Comparison Between Spacecraft Measurements and Theoretical Magnetic Force-Free Solutions;700
10.17.1;INTRODUCTION;700
10.17.2;COMPARISON BETWEEN MEASURED MAGNETIC FIELD PROFILES OF CLOUDS AND MODELS;700
10.17.3;CONCLUSIONS;703
10.17.4;ACKNOWLEDGEMENT;703
10.17.5;REFERENCES;703
10.18;Chapter 139. Parametric Model of Interplanetary Shock Wave Propagation;704
10.18.1;INTRODUCTION;704
10.18.2;DRIVEN PHASE OF THE SHOCK WAVE PROPAGATION;704
10.18.3;SIMPLE MODEL OF PROPAGATION OF THE PISTON DRIVEN SHOCK WAVES;705
10.18.4;COMPARISON OF SIMPLE MODEL AND 2D MHD MODEL OF SHOCK WAVE PROPAGATION;707
10.18.5;CONCLUSIONS;708
10.18.6;REFERENCES;708
10.19;Chapter 140. Characteristics of CMEs Observed in the Heliosphere Using Helios Photometer Data;710
10.19.1;REFERENCES;712
10.20;Chapter 141. Comparison of Doppler Scintillation and In Situ Spacecraft Plasma Measurements of Interplanetary Disturbances;714
10.20.1;INTRODUCTION;714
10.20.2;EXAMPLES OF COMPARISONS;714
10.20.3;SUMMARY OF RESULTS;716
10.20.4;ACKNOWLEDGMENTS;716
10.20.5;REFERENCES;716
10.21;Chapter 142. Intense Magnetic Clouds and their Interactions with Ambient Solar Wind Streams;718
10.21.1;INTRODUCTION;718
10.21.2;MAGNETIC CLOUD IN VERY-LOW-SPEED SOLAR WIND;719
10.21.3;MAGNETIC CLOUD IN A SMALL STREAM WITH MEDIUM SPEED;720
10.21.4;CONCLUSIONS;721
10.21.5;REFERENCES;721
10.22;Chapter 143. A Shocked -Bz Event Caused by Fast Steady Flow-Slow Transient Flow Interaction;722
10.22.1;1. INTRODUCTION;722
10.22.2;2. MAGNETIC CONFIGURATION IN THE FAST AND SLOW FLOW;722
10.22.3;3. PLASMA PROPERTIES OF THE SLOW FLOW;722
10.22.4;4. CONTRIBUTION OF FAST SHOCK TO –
Bz EVENT;724
10.22.5;5. CONCLUSION AND DISCUSSION;725
10.22.6;Acknowledgement.;725
10.22.7;REFERENCES;725
10.23;Chapter 144. Prediction of Large North–
South IMF Component Events Occurring in Driver Gas;726
10.23.1;1. INTRODUCTION;726
10.23.2;2. IDENTIFYING A DRIVER GAS-ASSOCIATED Bz EVENT AND ITS SOLAR SOURCE;726
10.23.3;3. MODEL AND METHOD OF CALCULATION;726
10.23.4;4. PREDICTION AND CONCLUSION;728
10.23.5;Acknowledgement.;729
10.23.6;REFERENCES;729
11;Author Index;730
12;List of Participants;734
13;List of Unpublished Papers;736