McLusky / Berry Physiology and Behaviour of Marine Organisms

Proceedings of the 12th European Symposium on Marine Biology, Stirling, Scotland, September 1977
1. Auflage 2013
ISBN: 978-1-4831-8813-3
Verlag: Elsevier Science & Techn.
Format: PDF
Kopierschutz: 1 - PDF Watermark

E-Book, Englisch, 404 Seiten, Web PDF

Physiology and Behavior of Marine Organisms covers the proceedings of the 12th European Symposium on Marine Biology, held in University of Stirling, Stirling, Scotland on September 5-12, 1977. This book is organized into six parts encompassing 45 chapters. The first part deals with metabolism-related topics in marine organisms, including nutrition, enzyme activity, respiration, and physiological adaptation. The succeeding parts consider the mechanism of osmoregulation, ionic transport, biological permeation, and the structure and function of chloride cells in gills. These parts also explore the physiological aspects of marine animals in the water's chemical environment. These topics are followed by discussions of the mechanisms of immobilization and detoxification of heavy metals and other pollutants by marine organisms, as well as the interspecies differences in pollutant tolerance of several marine creatures. The concluding parts look into the behavior, reproduction, and development of other marine animals. This book will be of great value to marine biologists, physiologists, researchers, and advance students.

Autoren/Hrsg.

McLusky, D. S.

Berry, A. J.

Inhaltsverzeichnis

1;Front Cover;1
2;Physiology and Behaviour of Marine Organisms;4
3;Copyright Page;5
4;Table of Contents;6
5;List of Participants;12
6;PART 1: METABOLISM;18
6.1;CHAPTER1. EFFECTS OF NUTRITIVE STRESS UPON DIELRHYTHMS, TOTAL TISSUE METABOLISM, ANDTISSUE METABOLIC RATES IN CARCINUSMAENAS (L.) (CRUSTACEA: DECAPODA;20
6.1.1;ABSTRACT;20
6.1.2;INTRODUCTION;20
6.1.3;MATERIALS AND METHODS;21
6.1.4;RESULTS AND DISCUSSION;21
6.1.5;CONCLUSIONS;26
6.1.6;REFERENCES;26
6.2;CHAPTER 2. ACTIVITIES OF SOME ENZYMES ASSOCIATEDWITH ENERGY YIELDING METABOLISM INGLYCERA ALBA (MÜLLER) FROM THREE AREASOF LOCH EIL;28
6.2.1;INTRODUCTION;28
6.2.2;MATERIALS AND METHODS;28
6.2.3;RESULTS;31
6.2.4;DISCUSSION;34
6.2.5;REFERENCES;36
6.3;CHAPTER 3. STARVATION AND THE LACK OF HAEMOCYANIN IN CANCER PAGURUS L.(CRUSTACEA: DECAPODA) FROM SCOTTISH WEST COAST WATERS;38
6.4;CHAPTER 4. HEART AND SCAPHOGNATHITE ACTIVITY DURING THE DIGGING BEHAVIOUR OF THESHORE CRAB, CARCINUS MAENAS (L.);40
6.4.1;ABSTRACT;40
6.4.2;INTRODUCTION;40
6.4.3;MATERIALS AND METHODS;41
6.4.4;RESULTS;41
6.4.5;DISCUSSION;46
6.4.6;ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS;47
6.4.7;REFERENCES;47
6.5;CHAPTER 5. ETUDE EXPERIMENTALE DE LA RESPIRATION,DE LA CROISSANCE ET DE LA FECONDITE DETISBE HOLOTHURIAE (COPEPODE:HARPACTICOIDE) ELEVE A DES TEMPERATURES DIFFERENTES;48
6.5.1;ABSTRACT;48
6.5.2;INTRODUCTION;48
6.5.3;MATERIEL ET METHQDES;48
6.5.4;RESULTATS;49
6.5.5;DISCUSSION;53
6.5.6;REFERENCES;54
6.6;CHAPTER 6. RESPIRATION OF PATELLA VULGATAON THE SHORE;56
6.6.1;ABSTRACT;56
6.6.2;INTRODUCTION;56
6.6.3;METHODS;56
6.6.4;RESULTS;58
6.6.5;DISCUSSION;62
6.6.6;ACKNOWLEDGEMENT;63
6.6.7;REFERENCES;63
6.7;CHAPTER 7. CONSUMPTION AND UTILIZATION OF FOOD BY JUVENILE PLAICE IN THE WADDEN SEA;64
6.8;CHAPTER 8. SOME RESPONSES OF TROPICAL MANGROVE FIDDLER CRABS (UCA spp.) TO HIGH ENVIRONMENTAL TEMPERATURES;66
6.8.1;ABSTRACT;66
6.8.2;INTRODUCTION;66
6.8.3;STUDY SITE AND METHODS;67
6.8.4;RESULTS;68
6.8.5;DISCUSSION;72
6.8.6;REFERENCES;73
6.9;CHAPTER 9. PHYSIOLOGICAL ADAPTATION OF CANCER IRRORATUS LARVAE TO CYCLIC TEMPERATURES;74
6.9.1;ABSTRACT;74
6.9.2;INTRODUCTION;74
6.9.3;MATERIALS AND METHODS;75
6.9.4;RESULTS AND DISCUSSION;75
6.9.5;CONCLUSION;80
6.9.6;ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS;81
6.9.7;REFERENCES;81
6.10;CHAPTER 10. ANAEROBIC METABOLISM OF THE SCAVENGING ISOPOD CIROLANA BOREALIS LILLJEBORG. ADENINE NUCLEOTIDES;84
6.10.1;ABSTRACT;84
6.10.2;INTRODUCTION;84
6.10.3;MATERIAL AND METHODS;85
6.10.4;RESULTS;85
6.10.5;DISCUSSION;88
6.10.6;ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS;90
6.10.7;REFERENCES;91
6.11;CHAPTER 11. IN SITU MONITORING OF OXYGEN PRODUCTION AND RESPIRATION IN CNIDARIAWITH AND WITHOUT ZOOXANTHELLAE;92
6.11.1;ABSTRACT;92
6.11.2;INTRODUCTION;92
6.11.3;MATERIAL and METHODS;93
6.11.4;RESULTS and CONCLUSIONS;95
6.11.5;DISCUSSION;97
6.11.6;ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS;98
6.11.7;LITERATURE;99
6.12;CHAPTER 12. THE INFLUENCE OF SWIMMING PERFORMANCE ON THE METABOLIC RATE OF GADOID FISH;100
6.12.1;INTRODUCTION;100
6.12.2;MATERIALS AND METHODS;100
6.12.3;RESULTS AND DISCUSSION;101
6.12.4;REFERENCES;107
6.12.5;ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS;109
7;PART 2: OSMOTIC ANDPERMEABILITY STUDIES;110
7.1;CHAPTER 13. SODIUM BALANCE AND SALINITY TOLERANCEOF THE MYSID LEPTOMYSIS MEDITERRANEA;112
7.1.1;ABSTRACT;112
7.1.2;INTRODUCTION;112
7.1.3;MATERIALS AND METHODS;112
7.1.4;RESULTS;113
7.1.5;DISCUSSION;118
7.1.6;ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS;118
7.1.7;REFERENCES;119
7.2;CHAPTER 14. OSMOREGULATION OF THE EURYHALINE CHINESE CRAB ERIOCHEIR SINENSIS. IONIC TRANSPORTS ACROSS ISOLATED PERFUSED GILLS AS RELATED TO THE SALINITY OF THE ENVIRONMENT;122
7.2.1;ABSTRACT;122
7.2.2;INTRODUCTION;122
7.2.3;MATERIAL AND METHODS;122
7.2.4;RESULTS AND DISCUSSION;124
7.2.5;REFERENCES;128
7.3;CHAPTER 15. GUANINE AND PERMEABILITY IN SWIMBLADDERS OF SLOPE-DWELLING FISH;130
7.3.1;ABSTRACT;130
7.3.2;INTRODUCTION;130
7.3.3;MATERIALS AND METHODS;131
7.3.4;RESULTS;132
7.3.5;DISCUSSION;134
7.3.6;ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS;137
7.3.7;LITERATURE CITED;137
7.4;CHAPTER 16. STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION OF CHLORIDECELLS IN THE GILLS OF ANGUILLA ANGUILLA;140
7.4.1;ABSTRACT;140
7.4.2;INTRODUCTION;140
7.4.3;MATERIALS AND METHODS;141
7.4.4;OBSERVATIONS;141
7.4.5;DISCUSSION;145
7.4.6;REFERENCES;148
8;PART 3: PHYSIOLOGY AND THE CHEMICAL ENVIRONMENT;150
8.1;CHAPTER 17. PHYSIOLOGY OF DENITRIFYING BACTERIA FROM TIDAL MUDFLATS IN THE RIVER TAY;152
8.1.1;INTRODUCTION;152
8.1.2;CONCLUSIONS;156
8.1.3;ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS;157
8.1.4;REFERENCES;157
8.2;CHAPTER 18. C/N ET CONTROLE DE LA PHYSIOLOGIE DES CULTURES DE PHYTOPLANCTON;158
8.2.1;ABSTRACT;158
8.2.2;INTRODUCTION;158
8.2.3;MATERIEL ET METHODES;158
8.2.4;RESULTATS;159
8.2.5;DISCUSSION;163
8.2.6;REMERCIEMENTS;164
8.2.7;REFERENCES;164
8.3;CHAPTER 19 CONTRIBUTION TO STUDIES ON THE EFFECT OF ECTOCRINE SUBSTANCES ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF MARINE INVERTEBRATES.ABSORPTION OF LABELLED (14Cor3H)DISSOLVED ORGANIC SUBSTANCES BY THE EGGS AND LARVAE OF EUPHAUSIA KROHNII;166
8.3.1;ABSTRACT;166
8.3.2;INTRODUCTION;166
8.3.3;METHOD;167
8.3.4;RESULTS;168
8.3.5;DISCUSSION;170
8.3.6;REFERENCES;170
8.4;CHAPTER 20. THE EXTRACTION OF SPECIFIC PROTEINS FOR THE SIMULTANEOUS ECTODERMAL ABSORPTION OF CHARGED AND NEUTRAL AMINO ACIDS BY ANEMONIA SULCATA(COELENTERATA, ANTHOZOA);172
8.4.1;ABSTRACT;172
8.4.2;INTRODUCTION;172
8.4.3;MATERIALS AND METHODS;173
8.4.4;RESULTS AND THEIR DISCUSSION;174
8.4.5;REFERENCES;180
8.5;CHAPTER 21. THE UPTAKE AND UTILIZATION OF DISSOLVED AMINO ACIDS BY THE BIVALVEMY A ARENARIA (L);182
8.5.1;ABSTRACT;182
8.5.2;INTRODUCTION;182
8.5.3;METHODS;183
8.5.4;RESULTS;184
8.5.5;DISCUSSION;189
8.5.6;ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS;191
8.5.7;REFERENCES;191
9;PART 4: HEAVY METALS AND POLLUTION;194
9.1;CHAPTER 22. MECHANISMS OF IMMOBILIZATION AND DETOXICATION OF METALS INMARINE ORGANISMS;196
9.1.1;ABSTRACT;196
9.1.2;INTRODUCTION;196
9.1.3;MODEL SYSTEMS;196
9.1.4;BIOLOGICAL EXAMPLES;198
9.1.5;FINE STRUCTURE STUDIES: MYTILUS;199
9.1.6;RENE STRUCTURE STUDIES: OSTREA;199
9.1.7;GENERALITY OF METAL STORAGE IN VESICLES OR GRANULES;201
9.1.8;ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS;201
9.1.9;REFERENCES;203
9.2;CHAPTER 23. THE EFFECT OF SALINITY ON THE UPTAKE OF CADMIUM BY THE COMMON MUSSEL, MYTILUS EDULIS (L.);206
9.2.1;ABSTRACT;206
9.2.2;INTRODUCTION;206
9.2.3;METHODS AND MATERIALS;206
9.2.4;DISCUSSION;209
9.2.5;ACKNOWLEDGEMENT;210
9.2.6;REFERENCES;210
9.3;CHAPTER 24. RESPONSE OF EMBRYOS OF THE AMERICAN OYSTER, CRASSOSTREA VIRGINICA, TOHEAVY METALS AT DIFFERENT TEMPERATURES;212
9.3.1;ABSTRACT;212
9.3.2;INTRODUCTION;212
9.3.3;MATERIALS AND METHODS;212
9.3.4;RESULTS;215
9.3.5;DISCUSSION;216
9.3.6;ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS;217
9.3.7;REFERENCES;217
9.4;CHAPTER 25. THE IMPACT OF POLLUTION ON THE INTERTIDAL FAUNA OF THE ESTUARINE FIRTH OF FORTH;220
9.4.1;ABSTRACT;220
9.4.2;INTRODUCTION;220
9.4.3;STIRLING-KINCARDINE BRIDGE;221
9.4.4;KINCARDINE BRIDGE TO QUEENSFERRY BRIDGES;221
9.4.5;DISCUSSION;225
9.4.6;ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS;226
9.4.7;REFERENCES;226
9.5;CHAPTER 26. LEAD TRANSPORT IN THE COMMON MUSSEL MYTILUS EDULIS;228
9.5.1;ABSTRACT;228
9.5.2;INTRODUCTION;228
9.5.3;MATERIAL AND METHODS;228
9.5.4;RESULTS;229
9.5.5;DISCUSSION;233
9.5.6;ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS;234
9.5.7;REFERENCES;234
9.6;CHAPTER 27. INTERSPECIFIC DIFFERENCES IN TOLERANCE OF EURYTEMORA AFFINIS AND ACARTIA TONS AFROM AN ESTUARINE ANOXIC BASIN TO LOWDISSOLVED OXYGEN AND HYDROGEN SULFIDE;236
9.6.1;ABSTRACT;236
9.6.2;INTRODUCTION;236
9.6.3;METHODS;237
9.6.4;RESULTS AND DISCUSSION;239
9.6.5;REFERENCES;242
10;PART 5: BEHAVIOUR;244
10.1;CHAPTER 28. INTRA SPECIFIC ORGANISATION INPARROT FISH;246
10.1.1;ABSTRACT;246
10.1.2;INTRODUCTION;246
10.1.3;MATERIAL AND METHODS;246
10.1.4;RESULTS;247
10.1.5;DISCUSSION;251
10.1.6;ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS;252
10.1.7;REFERENCES;252
10.2;CHAPTER 29. BALCIS ALBA (DA COSTA) - A TEMPORARY' ECTOPARASITE ON NEOPENTADACTYLA MIXTA OSTERGREN;254
10.2.1;ABSTRACT;254
10.2.2;INTRODUCTION;254
10.2.3;RESULTS;254
10.2.4;REFERENCES;258
10.3;CHAPTER 30. THE MIGRATION OF PLAICE LARVAEPLEURONECTES PLA TESSA INTO THE WESTERN WADDEN SEA;260
10.3.1;ABSTRACT;260
10.3.2;INTRODUCTION;260
10.3.3;MATERIAL AND METHODS;261
10.3.4;RESULTS;262
10.3.5;DISCUSSION;266
10.3.6;REFERENCES;267
10.4;CHAPTER 31. CRUSTACEAN LARVAL PHOTOTAXIS:POSSIBLE FUNCTIONAL SIGNIFICANCE;270
10.4.1;ABSTRACT;270
10.4.2;INTRODUCTION;270
10.4.3;MATERIALS AND METHODS;271
10.4.4;RESULTS AND DISCUSSION;273
10.4.5;ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS;277
10.4.6;LITERATURE CITED;277
10.5;CHAPTER 32. EMERGENCE TIMES OF THE INTERTIDAL MIDGE CLUNIO MARINUS (CHIRONOMIDAE)AT PLACES WITH ABNORMAL TIDES;280
10.5.1;ABSTRACT;280
10.5.2;INTRODUCTION;280
10.5.3;MATERIAL AND METHODS;281
10.5.4;RESULTS;282
10.5.5;DISCUSSION;286
10.5.6;REFERENCES;287
10.6;CHAPTER 33. DIURNAL VERTICAL MIGRATION AND ZOOPLANKTON-EPIBENTHOS RELATIONSHIPS IN A NORTH NORWEGIAN FJORD;288
10.6.1;INTRODUCTION;288
10.6.2;MATERIAL AND METHODS;288
10.6.3;RESULTS;289
10.6.4;DISCUSSION;295
10.6.5;ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS;296
10.6.6;REFERENCES;296
10.7;CHAPTER 34. FACTORS AFFECTING THE IMPINGEMENT OF FISHES ON POWER STATION COOLING-WATER INTAKE SCREENS;298
10.7.1;ABSTRACT;298
10.7.2;INTRODUCTION;298
10.7.3;SITES AND METHODS;299
10.7.4;RESULTS;300
10.7.5;DISCUSSION;303
10.7.6;REFERENCES;305
10.7.7;ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS;305
10.8;CHAPTER 35. HABITAT SELECTION AND GAMES THEORY;306
10.8.1;ABSTRACT;306
10.8.2;INTRODUCTION;306
10.8.3;REFERENCES;312
10.9;CHAPTER 36. IN SITU OBSERVATIONS ON THE BEHAVIOURAND BIOLOGY OF THE TROPICAL SPIDERCRAB STENORHYNCHUS SETICORNIS HERBST(CRUSTACEA, DECAPODA, BRACHYURA);314
10.9.1;ABSTRACT;314
10.9.2;INTRODUCTION;314
10.9.3;OBSERVATIONS AND RESULTS;315
10.9.4;CONCLUSIONS;318
10.9.5;ACKNOWLEDGMENT;318
10.9.6;REFERENCES;319
10.10;CHAPTER 37. LEARNING IN THE STARFISH MARTHASTERIAS GLACIALIS;320
10.10.1;ABSTRACT;320
10.10.2;INTRODUCTION;320
10.10.3;MATERIALS;321
10.10.4;EXPERIMENTAL METHOD;321
10.10.5;RESULTS;325
10.10.6;DISCUSSION;325
10.10.7;REFERENCES;326
11;PART 6: REPRODUCTION AND DEVELOPMENT;328
11.1;CHAPTER 38. ENVIRONMENTAL INFLUENCES ON GROWTH AND SEX RATIO IN DIFFERENT EELS POPULATIONS (ANGUILLA ANGUILLA L.) OFADRIATIC COASTS;330
11.1.1;ABSTRACT;330
11.1.2;INTRODUCTION;330
11.1.3;SEX RATIO;330
11.1.4;SEX DIFFERENTIATION;332
11.1.5;SEX RATIO as a MEAN for ECOLOGICAL HOMEOSTASIS;334
11.1.6;REFERENCES;336
11.2;CHAPTER 39. SOME ASPECTS OF FISSION IN ALLOSTICHASTER POLYPLAX;338
11.2.1;ABSTRACT;338
11.2.2;INTRODUCTION;338
11.2.3;MATERIAL;338
11.2.4;OBSERVATIONS;338
11.2.5;DISCUSSION;344
11.2.6;ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS;346
11.2.7;REFERENCES;346
11.3;CHAPTER 40. ENVIRONMENTAL CONTROL OF REPRODUCTION IN THE POLYCHAETES EULALIA VIRIDIS AND HARMOTHOE IMBRICATA;348
11.3.1;ABSTRACT;348
11.3.2;INTRODUCTION;348
11.3.3;MATERIALS AND METHODS;349
11.3.4;RESULTS;349
11.3.5;DISCUSSION;355
11.3.6;REFERENCES;356
11.4;CHAPTER 41. INFLUENCE DUNE TEMPERATURE ELEVEE SUR LE RYTHME DE PONTE ET LA FECONDITEDES POPULATIONS MEDITERRANEENNES DE SCOLELEPIS FULIGINOSA (ANNELIDE:POLYCHETE) EN ELEVAGE AU LABORATOIRE;358
11.4.1;ABSTRACT;358
11.4.2;INTRODUCTION;358
11.4.3;MATERIEL ET METHODES;358
11.4.4;RESULTATS;360
11.4.5;DISCUSSION;363
11.4.6;REFERENCES;365
11.5;CHAPTER 42. THE EFFECT OF SALINITY AND TEMPERATURE ON THE POST-LARVAL GROWTH OF THE CRAB RHITHROPANOPEUS HARRISII;366
11.5.1;ABSTRACT;366
11.5.2;INTRODUCTION;366
11.5.3;METHODS;366
11.5.4;RESULTS;368
11.5.5;DISCUSSION;370
11.5.6;ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS;374
11.5.7;REFERENCES;374
11.6;CHAPTER 43. THE RELATIONSHIP OF TEMPERATURE AND SALINITY TO LARVAL DEVELOPMENT INMUSSELS {Mytilus galloprovincialis LAMARCK);376
11.6.1;INTRODUCTION;376
11.6.2;METHODS;376
11.6.3;RESULTS AND DISCUSSION;376
11.6.4;ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS;381
11.6.5;REFERENCES;381
11.7;CHAPTER 44. INFLUENCE DE LA TEMPERATURE SUR LAREPRODUCTION ET LA SURVIE DE QUELQUES NASSARIIDAE (MOLLUSCA, GASTEROPODA);384
11.7.1;ABSTRACT;384
11.7.2;INTRODUCTION;384
11.7.3;MATERIEL ET METHODES;384
11.7.4;RESULTATS;385
11.7.5;DISCUSSION;387
11.7.6;REFERENCES;391
11.8;CHAPTER 45. LABORATORY EXPERIMENTS ON THE SPAWNING OF MACOMA BALTHICA; ITS IMPLICATION FOR PRODUCTION RESEARCH;392
11.8.1;ABSTRACT;392
11.8.2;INTRODUCTION;392
11.8.3;ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS;393
11.8.4;MATERIAL AND METHODS;393
11.8.5;RESULTS AND INTERPRETATION;393
11.8.6;REFERENCES;400
12;AUTHOR INDEX;402
13;SUBJECT INDEX;404