Ostroumov Biological Effects of Surfactants

Erscheinungsjahr 2010
ISBN: 978-1-4200-2129-5
Verlag: Taylor & Francis
Format: PDF
Kopierschutz: Adobe DRM (»Systemvoraussetzungen)

E-Book, Englisch, 304 Seiten

Understanding the role of aquatic biota and the impact of pollution and chemical substances that enter aquatic ecosystems is crucial to the assessment, prevention, and remediation of damaged environments. Biological Effects of Surfactants synthesizes the most important findings from hundreds of articles and the author's current experiments on the biological effects of synthetic surfactants and detergents on individual organisms, populations, communities, and ecosystems. This book offers a new perspective of the hazards of pollution.

The book draws upon concepts in hydrobiology, biogeochemical cycling, and the assimilative capacity of water-beyond the self-purification capabilities of bacteria and nutrient cycling-to examine the effects of anionic, non-ionic, and cationic surfactants as well as detergent mixtures on a wide range of organisms including bacteria, cyanobacteria, flagellates, algae, higher plants, and invertebrates. The author, a distinguished member of the Russian Academy of Natural Sciences, establishes new quantitative characteristics of the effects and presents study results reflecting newly discovered phenomena. While proposing and substantiating new priorities and approaches for testing, assessing, and characterizing the biological activities and hazards of substances, he illustrates how the data obtained can be used to develop effective environmental remediation and protection measures to improve water quality.

Biological Effects of Surfactants lays an excellent foundation for scientists to explore how hazardous wastes are absorbed in aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems, determine what is required for remediation and restoring water quality, and design the best approach to counteract the toxic effects of manmade surfactants using biological methods, including phytoremediation.

Zielgruppe

Environmental toxicologists, ecologists, marine and estuarine biologists, limnologists, environmental scientists, environmental chemists, zoologists, and botanists; scientists involved in biological oceanography, hydrobiology, water sciences, and geosciences; professors and grad students

Autoren/Hrsg.

Ostroumov, S.A.

Fachgebiete

• Naturwissenschaften Biowissenschaften Toxikologie

Inhaltsverzeichnis

Foreword by Professor M.E. Vinogradov, Member of Russian Academy of Sciences, and Professor V.D. Fedorov

Foreword by Dr. Steven C. McCutcheon

Acknowledgments

Abbreviations

Preface

Introduction

ANTHROPOGENIC IMPACTS AND SYNTHETIC SURFACTANTS AS POLLUTANTS OF AQUATIC ECOSYSTEMS

Criteria and Priorities in Assessing the Hazardous Impacts on Aquatic Biota
Ecological Hazard and Ecosystemic Consequences of the Effect of Anthropogenic Substances on Hydrobionts

Biological Effects of Substances and the Need of Refining the Arsenal of Biotesting Methods

Substantiating the Need for Further Research into Biological Effects of Synthetic Surfactants

Ambiguity of Biological Effects Caused by Surfactants

Pollution of Aquatic Ecosystems by Synthetic Surfactants

Synthetic Surfactants and Self-Purification of Water Including its Filtration by Mollusks

ORGANISMS AND METHODS

Organisms: Substantiation of Choice and Aspects of Methods Used

Chemical Substances Used

BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY OF WATERS CONTAINING ANIONIC SURFACTANTS

Biological Effects of Alkyl Sulfates. Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate (SDS)
Biological Effects of Alkyl Benzene Sulfonates (ABS)

Biological Effects of High-Polymer Synthetic Surfactants

Concluding Remarks

BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY OF WATERS CONTAINING NONIONOGENIC SURFACTANTS
Biological effects of Nonionogenic Surfactants in a System With Bacteria
Biological Effects of Nonionogenic Surfactants on Phytoplankton Organisms

Biological Effects of Nonionogenic Surfactants on Higher Eukaryotes

Biological Effects of Nonionogenic Surfactants and Their Hazards to Aquatic Ecosystems

BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY OF WATERS CONTAINING CATIONIC SURFACTANTS

Biological Effects of Ethonium

Biological Effects of Tetradecyl Trimethyl Ammonium Bromide (TDTMA)

Biological Effects of Benzethonium Chloride
Other Data on the Biological Activities of Cationic Surfactants

BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF SURFACTANT-CONTAINING MIXTURES AND OTHER PREPARATIONS

Impact of Aquatic Media with Surfactant-Containing Mixtures on Hydrobionts: Earlier Works

New results on the Impact of Surfactant-Containing Mixtures on Autotrophic Organisms

New results on the Impact of Surfactant-Containing Mixtures on Heterotrophic Organisms

Assessment of the Biological Activities of Other Preparations and Samples

Some Concluding Remarks

BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF SYNTHETIC SURFACTANTS AND PARTICIPATION OF HYDROBIONTS IN WATER PURIFICATION
Self-purification of Water and the Role of Hydrobionts in Aquatic Ecosystems

Water Purification and Some Applied Problems

Anthropogenic Impact on Hydrobionts: Assessment of the Ecological Hazards

Generalizing Remarks

Conclusions

References

Addendum

Subject Index