Pace-Sigge Spreading Activation, Lexical Priming and the Semantic Web

Early Psycholinguistic Theories, Corpus Linguistics and AI Applications
1. Auflage 2018
ISBN: 978-3-319-90719-2
Verlag: Springer International Publishing
Format: PDF
Kopierschutz: 1 - PDF Watermark

E-Book, Englisch, 145 Seiten

Reihe: Psychology and Our Planet

This book explores the interconnections between linguistics and Artificial Intelligence (AI) research, their mutually influential theories and developments, and the areas where these two groups can still learn from each other. It begins with a brief history of artificial intelligence theories focusing on figures including Alan Turing and M. Ross Quillian and the key concepts of priming, spread-activation and the semantic web. The author details the origins of the theory of lexical priming in early AI research and how it can be used to explain structures of language that corpus linguists have uncovered. He explores how the idea of mirroring the mind's language processing has been adopted to create machines that can be taught to listen and understand human speech in a way that goes beyond a fixed set of commands. In doing so, he reveals how the latest research into the semantic web and Natural Language Processing has developed from its early roots. The book moves on to describe how the technology has evolved with the adoption of inference concepts, probabilistic grammar models, and deep neural networks in order to fine-tune the latest language-processing and translation tools. This engaging book offers thought-provoking insights to corpus linguists, computational linguists and those working in AI and NLP.

Michael Pace-Sigge is Senior Lecturer at the University of Eastern Finland, Finland. His key areas of research are corpus linguistics and lexical priming. He is the author of Lexical Priming in Spoken English Usage (2013) and co-editor of Lexical Priming: Advances and Applications (2017).

Autoren/Hrsg.

Pace-Sigge, Michael

Inhaltsverzeichnis

1;Acknowledgements;5
2;Contents;6
3;List of Figures;8
4;List of Tables;9
5;Chapter 1 Introduction;11
5.1;Abstract;11
5.2;References;15
6;Chapter 2 M. Ross Quillian, Priming, Spreading-Activation and the Semantic Web;17
6.1;Abstract;17
6.2;2.1 Computational Groundwork;17
6.3;2.2 M. Ross Quillian and the Language-Learning Machine;19
6.4;2.3 Quillian, Collins and Loftus: The Semantic Web and Facilitating Access to the Semantic Memory;23
6.5;2.4 The Issue of Spreading Activation;30
6.6;2.5 Quillian and the Psychological Concept of Priming;32
6.7;References;36
7;Chapter 3 Where Corpus Linguistics and Artificial Intelligence (AI) Meet;39
7.1;Abstract;39
7.2;3.1 Introduction;39
7.3;3.2 From Quillian’s Priming to Hoey’s Lexical Priming;40
7.4;3.3 Spreading Activation, Inference and Frame Finding;49
7.4.1;3.3.1 Introduction;49
7.4.2;3.3.2 The Lack of Understanding in Quillian’s Semantic Network and Inference Models to Overcome This Drawback;50
7.4.3;3.3.3 More Recent Inference Models Using Frame Semantics;57
7.5;3.4 From Quillian’s Spreading Activation to Edge Pruning;59
7.5.1;3.4.1 Introduction;59
7.5.2;3.4.2 Spreading Activation Algorithms in the Twenty First Century;60
7.5.3;3.4.3 The Small World Network as a Modified Spreading Activation System;62
7.6;3.5 Semantic Spaces, Language Modelling and Deep Neural Networks: Towards Understanding Assistants like Google GO and Apple’s SIRI;65
7.6.1;3.5.1 Introduction;65
7.6.2;3.5.2 Statistical Prediction Models;67
7.6.3;3.5.3 Language Modelling: Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) and the Recurrent Neural Network (RNN);71
7.6.4;3.5.4 Language Models and Speech Recognition;76
7.7;3.6 A Brief Look at Language Modelling for Translation;80
7.8;References;87
8;Chapter 4 Take Home Messages for Linguists and Artificial Intelligence Designers;93
8.1;Abstract;93
8.2;4.1 Introduction;93
8.3;4.2 AI Developers—Where They Come from;94
8.3.1;4.2.1 Introduction;94
8.3.2;4.2.2 Philosophers of Language, Linguists and AI Engineers;95
8.4;4.3 Learning from Linguists: Language Research Areas;104
8.4.1;4.3.1 Introduction;104
8.4.2;4.3.2 Learning from Linguists: Language Research Areas;104
8.4.3;4.3.3 Learning from Linguists: Hapax Legomena/Rare Words;114
8.5;4.4 The Structure of Language;116
8.6;References;120
9;Chapter 5 Conclusions;125
9.1;Abstract;125
9.2;References;130
10;Bibliography: Further Reading;131
11;Index;141