Pascoe / Edwards Freshwater Biological Monitoring

Proceedings of a Specialised Conference Held in Cardiff, U.K., 12-14 September, 1984
1. Auflage 2015
ISBN: 978-1-4831-5886-0
Verlag: Elsevier Science & Techn.
Format: PDF
Kopierschutz: 1 - PDF Watermark

E-Book, Englisch, 176 Seiten, Web PDF

Freshwater Biological Monitoring contains the proceedings of a Specialized Conference held in Cardiff, Wales, on September 12-14, 1984. Contributors explore advances in freshwater biological monitoring, paying particular attention to the interpretation of traditional community surveillance studies by means of the modern computer and multivariate statistical techniques and how such field community responses are related to laboratory studies of pollutants. The design, validation, and use of novel monitoring systems employing plants, invertebrates, and fish are considered, along with developments in the in vitro assessment of mutagenicity of chemicals present in water. This book is comprised of 16 chapters and begins with a review of issues surrounding the tests used in biological monitoring and the ways in which the information will be used. The discussion then turns to the usefulness of the colonization sampler in collecting macroinvertebrates indicative of river water quality in lowland rivers; biological assessment of water quality and conservation evaluation in Welsh rivers; and water chemistry, benthos, and drift in a fast-flowing river. The following chapters focus on eutrophication in rivers; toxicity testing with freshwater macroinvertebrates; and compliance biomonitoring. This monograph will be of value to policymakers and environmentalists concerned with water pollution control.

Autoren/Hrsg.

Pascoe, D.

Edwards, R. W.

Inhaltsverzeichnis

1;Front Cover;1
2;Freshwater Biological Monitoring;4
3;Copyright Page;5
4;Table of Contents;6
5;PREFACE;8
6;CHAPTER 1. FRESHWATER BIOLOGICAL MONITORING: KEYNOTE ADDRESS;10
6.1;ABSTRACT;10
6.2;KEYWORDS;10
6.3;INTRODUCTION;10
6.4;THE RE-EMERGENCE OF BIOLOGICAL MONITORING;11
6.5;PREDICTIVE CAPABILITY;13
6.6;SELECTION OF RESPONSE PARAMETERS;15
6.7;RELEVANCE AND ACCEPTANCE OF BIOLOGICAL MONITORING;15
6.8;THRESHOLDS AND APPLICATION FACTORS;17
6.9;ASSIMILATIVE CAPACITY;20
6.10;WHOLE EFFLUENT TOXICITY TESTING;21
6.11;CONCLUSIONS;21
6.12;ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS;22
6.13;REFERENCES;22
7;CHAPTER 2. THE PERFORMANCE OF AN INVERTEBRATE COLONISATION SAMPLER (S. Auf.U.) IN BIOLOGICAL SURVEILLANCE OF LOWLAND RIVERS;24
7.1;ABSTRACT;24
7.2;KEYWORDS;24
7.3;INTRODUCTION;24
7.4;METHODS;25
7.5;RESULTS;27
7.6;DISCUSSION;29
7.7;ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS;32
7.8;REFERENCES;32
8;CHAPTER 3. BIOLOGICAL SURVEILLANCE IN WELSH RIVERS FOR WATER QUALITY AND CONSERVATION ASSESSMENT;34
8.1;ABSTRACT;34
8.2;KEYWORDS;34
8.3;INTRODUCTION;35
8.4;REDUNDANCY/LACK OF INFORMATION;36
8.5;MULTIVARIATE ANALYSES;38
8.6;ACKNOWLEDGEMENT;40
8.7;REFERENCES;41
9;CHAPTER 4. INVERTEBRATE DRIFT IN THE BIOLOGICAL MONITORING OF WATER QUALITY;44
9.1;ABSTRACT;44
9.2;KEYWORDS;44
9.3;INTRODUCTION;44
9.4;THE STUDY AREA AND SAMPLING POINTS;45
9.5;METHODS;45
9.6;RESULTS;46
9.7;DISCUSSION;50
9.8;ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS;53
9.9;REFERENCES;53
10;CHAPTER 5. EARLY WARNING OF EUTROPHICATION IN RIVERS BY ANALYSIS OF PERIPHYTON CHLOROPHYLL A;54
10.1;ABSTRACT;54
10.2;KEYWORDS;54
10.3;INTRODUCTION;54
10.4;LOADING DUE TO FISH BREEDING;55
10.5;MATERIALS AND METHODS;57
10.6;RESULTS AND DISCUSSION;59
10.7;CONCLUSIONS;60
10.8;REFERENCES;60
11;CHAPTER 6. INVESTIGATIONS INTO THE CAUSES OF FISH KILLS OCCURRING IN THE RIVER MEUSE (1979–1983);62
11.1;ABSTRACT;62
11.2;KEYWORDS;62
11.3;INTRODUCTION;62
11.4;EXPERIMENTAL;63
11.5;RESULTS;63
11.6;REFERENCES;71
12;CHAPTER 7. ASPECTS OF UTILIZING CONTINUOUS AUTOMATIC FISH BIOMONITORING SYSTEMS FOR INDUSTRIAL EFFLUENT CONTROL;74
12.1;ABSTRACT;74
12.2;KEYWORDS;74
12.3;INTRODUCTION;74
12.4;THE MONITORING SYSTEMS;75
12.5;ACQUISITION AND PROCESSING OF DATA;77
12.6;SYSTEM SENSITIVITY;79
12.7;EFFECTS OF ACCLIMATION TO INTOXICATION UPON SENSOR FISH RESPONSE;79
12.8;EFFECTS OF DIURNAL RESPIRATORY AND BEHAVIOURAL PATTERNS ON SENSOR FISH RESPONSE;79
12.9;THE EFFECT OF DIURNAL TEMPERATURE CHANGES ON SENSOR FISH LOCOMOTORY ACTIVITY IN A MONITORING SYSTEM;80
12.10;INDUSTRIAL IMPLEMENTATION;80
12.11;ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS;82
12.12;REFERENCES;82
13;CHAPTER 8. AUTOMATED MULTISPECIES BIOMONITORING EMPLOYING FISH AND AQUATIC INVERTEBRATES OF VARIOUS TROPHIC LEVELS;84
13.1;ABSTRACT;84
13.2;INTRODUCTION;84
13.3;AUTOMATED MULTISPECIES BIOMONITOR SYSTEM DEGIGN;85
13.4;RESULTS AND DISCUSSION;86
13.5;REFERENCES;88
14;CHAPTER 9. TOXICITY TESTING WITH FRESHWATER MACROINVERTEBRATES: METHODS AND APPLICATION IN ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT;90
14.1;ABSTRACT;90
14.2;KEYWORDS;90
14.3;INTRODUCTION;90
14.4;ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS;99
14.5;REFERENCES;99
15;CHAPTER 10. PREDICTION OF THE TOXICITY OF COPPER TO AUSTRALIAN FRESHWATER ANIMALS;102
15.1;ABSTRACT;102
15.2;KEYWORDS;102
15.3;INTRODUCTION;103
15.4;MATERIALS AND METHODS;105
15.5;RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS;105
15.6;ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS;109
15.7;CONCLUSIONS;110
15.8;REFERENCES;110
16;CHAPTER 11. COMPARISON OF BIOMONITORING TECHNIQUES FOR EVALUATING EFFECTS OF JET FUEL ON BLUEGILL SUNFISH (LEPOMIS MACROCHIRUS);112
16.1;ABSTRACT;112
16.2;KEYWORDS;112
16.3;INTRODUCTION;112
16.4;MATERIALS AND METHODS;113
16.5;RESULTS AND DISCUSSION;116
16.6;CONCLUSIONS;119
16.7;ACKNOWLEDGEMENT;119
16.8;REFERENCES;119
17;CHAPTER 12. LEMNA AS AN INDICATOR OF WATER POLLUTION AND THE ABSORPTION OF HEAVY METALS BY LEMNA;122
17.1;ABSTRACT;122
17.2;KEYWORDS;122
17.3;INTRODUCTION;122
17.4;MATERIALS AND METHODS;123
17.5;RESULTS;123
17.6;DISCUSSION;128
17.7;REFERENCES;129
18;CHAPTER 13. THE APPLICATION OF AN ALGAL ASSAY TO ASSESS TOXICITY AND EUTROPHICATION IN POLLUTED STREAMS;130
18.1;ABSTRACT;130
18.2;KEYWORDS;130
18.3;INTRODUCTION;130
18.4;METHODS;131
18.5;RESULTS;132
18.6;CONCLUSIONS;137
18.7;REFERENCES;138
19;CHAPTER 14. MICROBIAL MUTAGENICITY TESTING OF WATER SAMPLES;140
19.1;ABSTRACT;140
19.2;KEYWORDS;140
19.3;INTRODUCTION;140
19.4;MATERIALS AND METHODS;141
19.5;PROBLEMS OF TESTING WATER SAMPLES;142
19.6;ASSAYING FOR MUTAGENIC ACTIVITY IN WATER SAMPLES;143
19.7;CONCLUSIONS;148
19.8;ACKNOWLEDGEMENT;148
19.9;REFERENCES;148
20;CHAPTER 15. THE BACILLUS SUBTILIS/MICROSOME REC-ASSAY FOR THE DETECTION OF MUTAGENS IN WATERS OF A MUNICIPAL WASTEWATER TREATMENT PLANT;152
20.1;ABSTRACT;152
20.2;KEYWORDS;152
20.3;INTRODUCTION;152
20.4;MATERIALS AND METHODS;153
20.5;EVALUATION OF TEST RESULTS;154
20.6;DETECTION OF PRESENCE OF MUTAGENS IN MUNICIPAL WASTEWATERS;159
20.7;DISCUSSION;160
20.8;CONCLUSION;161
20.9;ACKNOWLEDGEMENT;161
20.10;REFERENCES;161
21;CHAPTER 16. COMPLIANCE BIOMONITORING —STANDARD DEVELOPMENT AND REGULATION ENFORCEMENT USING BIOMONITORING DATA;162
21.1;ABSTRACT;162
21.2;KEYWORDS;162
21.3;INTRODUCTION;162
21.4;BIOMONITORING DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS;166
21.5;MECHANISMS FOR SELECTION OF COMPLIANCE BIOMONITORING MEASURES;170
21.6;CONCLUSIONS;174
21.7;REFERENCES;174
22;KEYWORD INDEX;176