Payne / Quinnan / Potter Remediation Hydraulics

Erscheinungsjahr 2010
ISBN: 978-1-4200-0684-1
Verlag: Taylor & Francis
Format: PDF
Kopierschutz: Adobe DRM (»Systemvoraussetzungen)

E-Book, Englisch, 432 Seiten

In situ treatments involving the arrangement of contact between prospective reactants in complex porous media require a refined understanding of solute migration. However, the tools and methods used to predict and control fluid movement in the subsurface need significant improvement. Practitioners and regulators must develop novel methods to achieve an advanced understanding of treatment mechanisms. Remediation Hydraulics addresses the need to predict and control fluid movement in the subsurface. It demonstrates how to conduct realistic assessments of contaminant plume structure and achieve contact between injected reagents and target compounds. The book describes both the advection-dispersion and continuous random walk theories of mass transport as well as explains the practical implications of each theory in remedial system design. In addition, it devotes an entire section to the development of conceptual site models and hydrostratigraphic characterization techniques that will aid practitioners in assessing the role of depositional environments in patterning groundwater flows and containment distributions. Based the authors’ sound experience at over one hundred groundwater treatment projects, this bookprovides an arsenal of relevant theories and practical applications to aid practitioners and regulators in the prediction of fluid movement in the subsurface as well as in the design of pilot to full-scale remediation systems.

Zielgruppe

Remediation professionals; hydrogeology and environmental engineering students; regulatory professionals and site owners in both government and private sectors.

Autoren/Hrsg.

Payne, Fred C.

Quinnan, Joseph A.

Potter, Scott T.

Fachgebiete

• Technische Wissenschaften Umwelttechnik | Umwelttechnologie Wasserversorgung, Wasseraufbereitung

Inhaltsverzeichnis

Fluids and Surfaces

Cohesion and Surface Tension

Surface Energy and Wetting

Interfacial Tension, Capillarity and Entry Pressure

Surfactants

Viscosity

Laminar and Turbulent Flows

Friction Factors and Pipe Pressure Loss

Density and Compressibility

Impacts of Temperature and Dissolved Solids on Fluid Properties

Properties of Porous Media

Skeletal Matrix

Composition

Effective Stress

Porosity

Compressibility and Consolidation

Aquifer Storage Concepts

Aquifer Heterogeneity

Groundwater Flow Concepts

Viscous Flow

Darcy’s Law

Hydraulic Conductivity and Permeability

Equivalent Hydraulic Conductivity

Mobile and Immobile Porosities

Anisotropy and Structure

Darcy’s Law in Radial Flow

Concentration of Flow

Multi-Fluid and Non-Aqueous Flow

Intrinsic Permeability and Saturated Conductivity

Relative Permeability and Conductivity in Two-Fluid Systems

Entry Pressures and Vertical Non-Aqueous Liquid Mobility

Impact of Site Activities on Vertical NAPL Mobility

Gas Induced Groundwater Conductivity Decreases

Solute Dispersion in Porous Media

Definitions

Advection-Dispersion

Reconsideration of the Dispersivity Term

Fundamentals of Molecular Diffusion

Molecular Diffusion in Heterogeneous Porous Media

An Applications Based Outlook on Dispersivity and Diffusivity

Reactive and Sorptive Processes

Sorptive Processes

Precipitation

Gas-Generating Reactions

Mobilization of Colloids

Contaminant and Reagent Mass Transport

Aquifer Mass Storage Capacities

Solute Transfers between Mobile and Immobile Porosities

Steady-State Concepts

Plume Development and Retreat

Conceptual Site Models

Elements of the Site Concept

Accounting for Realistic Aquifer Behaviors

Testing Conceptual Site Models

Hydrostratigraphic Characterization

Soil Classification Systems

Stratigraphic Logging Technique

Sampling Methods

Coordinated Hydrostratigraphic and Groundwater Sampling

Stratigraphic Contrast

Principles of Well Design

Elements of Well Design and Construction

Screen and Filter Pack Design and Construction

Well Development

Well Economics

Design and Interpretation of Aquifer Characterization Tests

Methods for Estimating Hydraulic Conductivity

Slug Testing

Pumping Tests

Monitoring Approaches – What a Monitoring Well Sees

Tracer Study Design and Interpretation

Tracer Study Design and Layout

Tracer Profiles and Breakthrough Curves

Tracer Volumes and Estimates of Mobile Porosity

Calculating the Center of Mass

Tracer Selection Criteria and Available Tracers

Controlling Tracer Distribution

Tracer Case Studies

Using Tracers to Detect Displacement

Injection Based Reactive Zone Design

How an Aquifer Accommodates Injected Fluid

Pressure Limits and Formation Failure

Creating Reactive Zones through Reagent Injection

Flow Controlling Reactive Zone Designs

Funnel and Gate

Permeable Reactive Barriers

Hydraulic Fracturing

Clay – Zero Valent Iron Systems

Summary of New Developments and Their Implications

A Shifting Model of the Sub-Surface

Mapping Heterogeneities – Toward a Quantitative

Developing Methods in Quantitative Hydrogeology

Adaptive Design and Other Closing Points For Consideration

References

Plates