Beyond Silent Spring

Integrated pest management and chemical safety
1996
ISBN: 978-0-412-72800-6
Verlag: Springer Netherlands

Buch, Englisch, 320 Seiten, HC runder Rücken kaschiert, Format (B × H): 160 mm x 241 mm, Gewicht: 1460 g

More than 32 years ago, Rachel Carson's Silent Spring appeared upon the scene as a landmark of literary achievement which contributed greatly to the foundation of the modern environmental movement. Rachel Carson had designed Silent Spring to shock the public into action against the misuse of chemical pesticides. More than anything else, the book also served as an ecological primer, demonstrating the interrelationship of all things and the dependence of each on a healthy environment for survival. Today, Silent Spring is generally credited with providing impetus to the whole range of anti-pollution laws that came into force in the 1970s. It is also perceived as having played a crucial role in the eventual banning of DDT as well as in the restricted use or total phasing out of the most notorious hard pesticides identified in the book. The vigorous growth of the chemical industry geared to the production of newer and ever more powerful pesticides can be traced to the introduc­ tion of the organochlorine insecticide DDT in the 1940s. These pesticides were meant not only to control insects but also animal pests, disease and weeds. Initially their development was based on the belief that they would provide a definitive solution to pest and vector problems.

Zielgruppe

Research

Autoren/Hrsg.

Peakall, David B.

van Emden, H.F.

Fachgebiete

• Naturwissenschaften Biowissenschaften Biowissenschaften Ökologie
• Naturwissenschaften Agrarwissenschaften Ackerbaukunde, Pflanzenbau Schädlingsbekämpfung
• Geowissenschaften Umweltwissenschaften Wasserversorgung
• Geowissenschaften Umweltwissenschaften Abfallbeseitigung, Abfallentsorgung
• Geowissenschaften Umweltwissenschaften Umweltverschmutzung, Umweltkriminalität, Umweltrecht
• Geowissenschaften Umweltwissenschaften Umweltüberwachung, Umweltanalytik, Umweltinformatik
• Technische Wissenschaften Umwelttechnik | Umwelttechnologie Abfallwirtschaft, Abfallentsorgung
• Naturwissenschaften Agrarwissenschaften Ackerbaukunde, Pflanzenbau Forstwirtschaft, Forstwissenschaft
• Rechtswissenschaften Öffentliches Recht Umweltrecht Abfall- und Bodenschutzrecht
• Naturwissenschaften Biowissenschaften Toxikologie
• Geowissenschaften Umweltwissenschaften Umweltwissenschaften

Inhaltsverzeichnis

1. Introduction.- References.- 2. The world of chemicals.- Classes of chemicals.- Chemicals associated with energy production.- Heavy metals.- Highly stable compounds of environmental concern.- Petroleum hydrocarbons.- Other high-volume chemicals.- Conclusions.- References.- 3. The integrated approach.- Integrated pest management.- Regulation of pesticide usage.- Regulation of nonpesticidal chemicals.- Waste disposal.- Life-cycle management of chemicals.- Conclusion.- References.- 4. Pressures on pesticides in IPM.- The evolution of concepts.- Factors influencing the changing role of pesticides in IPM.- Conclusions.- References.- 5. Principles of IPM.- Economic thresholds.- The integration of pesticides into IPM.- Insecticide application technique in relation to IPM.- Biological control.- Biodiversity in IPM.- Cultural control.- Semiochemicals.- Genetic controls.- Host-plant resistance.- Insect growth regulators (IGRs).- Putting it all together.- References.- 6. The practice of pest management in developing countries.- South and South-East Asia.- Africa.- South America.- Constraints in development and implementation of IPM in developing countries.- Conclusions.- References.- 7. Social and economic aspects of integrated pest management in developing countries.- Integration of IPM into agricultural and health systems.- Monitoring pest populations.- The high information and management requirement inherent in IPM.- Economic viability of IPM.- Institutional factors affecting IPM.- References.- 8. Hazard assessment of persistent chemicals in the environment.- Polychlorinated aromatic hydrocarbons.- Hazard assessment of complex mixtures.- Polluter pays?.- Economic and environmental costs of pesticides.- Reduction in pesticide usage.- Use of biomarkers in environmental assessment.- Control strategies for polyaromatic hydrocarbons.- Conclusion.- References.- 9. Nonpesticidal chemicals that have an impact on agriculture.- Acid rain.- Climate change.- References.- 10. The international approach to integrated pest management and life-cycle analysis of chemicals.- References.- 11. A look into the future.- References.