Pease Analog Circuits

1. Auflage 2008
ISBN: 978-0-08-056981-9
Verlag: Elsevier Science & Techn.
Format: PDF
Kopierschutz: 1 - PDF Watermark

E-Book, Englisch, 472 Seiten, Web PDF

Newnes has worked with Robert Pease, a leader in the field of analog design to select the very best design-specific material that we have to offer. The Newnes portfolio has always been know for its practical no nonsense approach and our design content is in keeping with that tradition. This material has been chosen based on its timeliness and timelessness. Designers will find inspiration between these covers highlighting basic design concepts that can be adapted to today's hottest technology as well as design material specific to what is happening in the field today. As an added bonus the editor of this reference tells you why this is important material to have on hand at all times. A library must for any design engineers in these fields.
*Hand-picked content selected by analog design legend Robert Pease
*Proven best design practices for op amps, feedback loops, and all types of filters
*Case histories and design examples get you off and running on your current project

Autoren/Hrsg.

Pease, Robert

Inhaltsverzeichnis

1;Front Cover;1
2;Analog Circuits: World Class Designs;4
3;Copyright Page;5
4;Table of Contents;6
5;Preface;14
6;About the Editor;20
7;About the Authors;22
8;Chapter 1: Review of Feedback Systems;26
8.1;Introduction and Some Early History of Feedback Control;26
8.2;Invention of the Negative Feedback Amplifier;27
8.3;Control System Basics;29
8.4;Loop Transmission and Disturbance Rejection;30
8.5;Stability;31
8.6;Routh Stability Criterion;33
8.7;The Phase Margin and Gain Margin Tests;36
8.8;Relationship Between Damping Ratio and Phase Margin;37
8.9;Loop Compensation Techniques—Lead and Lag Networks;38
8.10;Parenthetical Comment on Some Interesting Feedback Loops;40
8.11;Example 1-1: Gain of +1 amplifier;42
8.12;Example 1-2: Gain of +10 amplifier;44
8.13;Example 1-3: Integral control of reactive load;45
8.14;Example 1-4: Photodiode amplifier;50
8.15;Example 1-5: MOSFET current source;53
8.16;Example 1-6: Maglev example;58
8.17;Appendix: MATLAB Scripts;62
8.18;References;66
9;Chapter 2: My Approach to Feedback Loop Design;70
9.1;My Approach to Design;71
9.2;What Is a V/I Source?;72
9.3;An Ideal V/I Source;73
9.4;Designing a V/I Source;74
9.5;Capacitive Load Compensation;77
9.6;Model to Investigate Overshoot;79
9.7;Back to the Frequency Domain;81
9.8;Range of Compensation Required;84
9.9;Phase Margin Approach to Loop Compensation;85
9.10;LTX Device Power Source (DPS) Performance;86
9.11;Summary of My Method;87
10;Chapter 3: Basic Operational Amplifier Topologies and a Case Study;88
10.1;In This Chapter;88
10.2;Basic Device Operation;88
10.3;Example 3-1: Case study: Design, analysis, and simulation of a discrete operational amplifier;93
10.4;Brief Review of LM741 Op-Amp Schematic;100
10.5;Some Real-World Limitations of Operational Amplifiers;101
10.6;Example 3-2: Op-amp driving capacitive load;105
10.7;References;108
11;Chapter 4: Finding the Perfect Op-Amp for Your Perfect Circuit;112
11.1;Choose the Technology Wisely;114
11.2;Fundamental Operational Amplifier Circuits;115
11.3;Using These Fundamentals;123
11.4;Amplifier Design Pitfalls;126
11.5;References;127
12;Chapter 5: Review of Passive Components and a Case Study in PC Board Layout;128
12.1;In This Chapter;128
12.2;Resistors;128
12.3;Comments on Surface-Mount Resistors;131
12.4;Comments on Resistor Types;132
12.5;Capacitors;132
12.6;Inductors;136
12.7;Printed Circuit Board Layout Issues;137
12.8;Approximate Inductance of a PCB Trace Above a Ground Plane;140
12.9;Example 5-1: Design case study—high-speed semiconductor laser diode driver;141
12.10;References;149
13;Chapter 6: Analog Lowpass Filters;152
13.1;In This Chapter;152
13.2;A Quick Introduction to Analog Filters;152
13.3;Passive Filters;153
13.4;Normalization and Denormalization;154
13.5;Poles and Zeros;155
13.6;Active Lowpass Filters;155
13.7;First-Order Filter Section;156
13.8;Sallen-Key Lowpass Filters;156
13.9;Sallen-Key Rolloff Deficiencies;157
13.10;Denormalizing Sallen-Key Filter Designs;161
13.11;State Variable Lowpass Filters;162
13.12;Cauer and Inverse Chebyshev Active Filters;162
13.13;Denormalizing State Variable or Biquad Designs;164
13.14;Frequency-Dependent Negative Resistance Filters;166
13.15;Denormalization of FDNR Filters;169
13.16;References;171
14;Chapter 7: Highpass Filters;172
14.1;In This Chapter;172
14.2;Passive Filters;172
14.3;Active Highpass Filters;175
14.4;First-Order Filter Section;177
14.5;Sample-and-Difference Circuit;178
14.6;Sallen-Key Highpass Filter;178
14.7;Using Lowpass Pole to Find Component Values;179
14.8;Using Highpass Poles to Find Component Values;180
14.9;Operational Amplifier Requirements;180
14.10;Denormalizing Sallen-Key or First-Order Designs;181
14.11;State Variable Highpass Filters;182
14.12;Cauer and Inverse Chebyshev Active Filters;183
14.13;Denormalizing State Variable or Biquad Designs;187
14.14;Gyrator Filters;188
14.15;References;192
15;Chapter 8: Noise: The Three Categories—Device, Conducted, and Emitted;194
15.1;Types of Noise;194
15.2;Definitions of Noise Specifications and Terms;195
15.3;References;223
16;Chapter 9: How to Design Analog Circuits Without a Computer or a Lot of Paper;226
16.1;Thoughts on Designing a Circuit;226
16.2;My Background;227
16.3;Breaking Down a Circuit;230
16.4;Equivalent Circuits;230
16.5;Stock Parts Values;232
16.6;RC Networks;233
16.7;Stabilizing a Feedback Loop;237
16.8;Circuit Impedance;240
16.9;New Parts;241
16.10;Breadboarding;241
16.11;Testing;242
16.12;How Much to Learn;242
16.13;Settling Time Tester;242
16.14;Final Notes;249
17;Chapter 10: Bandpass Filters;250
17.1;In This Chapter;250
17.2;Lowpass-to-Bandpass Transformation;251
17.3;Passive Filters;251
17.4;Formula for Passive Bandpass Filter Denormalization;255
17.5;Active Bandpass Filters;256
17.6;Bandpass Poles and Zeros;257
17.7;Bandpass Filter Midband Gain;260
17.8;Multiple Feedback Bandpass Filter;261
17.9;Dual-Amplifier Bandpass Filter;263
17.10;Denormalizing DABP Active Filter Designs;265
17.11;State Variable Bandpass Filters;266
17.12;Denormalization of State Variable Design;267
17.13;Cauer and Inverse Chebyshev Active Filters;268
17.14;Denormalizing Biquad Designs;270
17.15;References;270
18;Chapter 11: Bandstop (Notch) Filters;272
18.1;A Closer Look at Bandstop Filters;272
18.2;Passive Filters;273
18.3;Formula for Passive Bandstop Filter Denormalization;277
18.4;Active Bandstop Filters;279
18.5;Bandstop Poles and Zeros;279
18.6;The Twin Tee Bandstop Filter;283
18.7;Denormalization of Twin Tee Notch Filter;284
18.8;Practical Implementation of Twin Tee Notch Filter;285
18.9;Bandstop Using Multiple Feedback Bandpass Section;285
18.10;Denormalization of Bandstop Design Using MFBP Section;286
18.11;Bandstop Using Dual-Amplifier Bandpass Section;286
18.12;Denormalization of Bandstop Design Using DABP Section;288
18.13;State Variable Bandstop Filters;288
18.14;Denormalization of Bandstop State Variable Filter Section;288
18.15;Cauer and Inverse Chebyshev Active Filters;289
18.16;Denormalization of Bandstop Biquad Filter Section;291
18.17;References;292
19;Chapter 12: Current–Feedback Amplifiers;294
19.1;The Current-Feedback Concept;294
19.2;The Conventional Op-296
19.3;Gain-Bandwidth Tradeoff;297
19.4;Slew-Rate Limiting;298
19.5;The Current-Feedback Amplifier;300
19.6;No Gain-Bandwidth Tradeoff;303
19.7;Absence of Slew-Rate Limiting;304
19.8;Second-Order Effects;305
19.9;CF Application Considerations;307
19.10;CF Amp Integrators;308
19.11;Stray Input-Capacitance Compensation;309
19.12;Noise in CF Amp Circuits;310
19.13;Low Distortion for Fast Sinewaves Using CF Amps;311
19.14;Drawbacks of Current-Feedback Amplifiers vs. Conventional Op-Amps;312
19.15;References;312
20;Chapter 13: The Basics Behind Analog-to-Digital Converters;314
20.1;In This Chapter;314
20.2;The Key Specifications of Your ADC;315
20.3;The CMOS SAR Topology;329
20.4;Delta-Sigma (?–S) Converters;335
20.5;Decimation Filter;345
20.6;References;350
21;Chapter 14: The Right ADC for the Right Application;352
21.1;In This Chapter;352
21.2;Classes of Input Signals;352
21.3;Temperature Sensor Signal Chains;357
21.4;Using an RTD for Temperature Sensing: SAR Converter or ?–S Solution?;360
21.5;The RTD Current Excitation Circuit for the SAR Circuit;362
21.6;RTD Signal Conditioning Path Using the SAR ADC;363
21.7;RTD Signal Conditioning Path Using the ?–S ADC;365
21.8;Measuring Pressure: SAR Converter or ?–S Solution?;366
21.9;The Piezoresistive Pressure Sensor;367
21.10;The Pressure Sensor Signal Conditioning Path Using a SAR ADC;368
21.11;Pressure Sensor Signal Conditioning Path Using a ?–S ADC;369
21.12;Photodiode Applications;370
21.13;Photosensing Signal Conditioning Path Using a SAR ADC;370
21.14;Photosensing Signal Conditioning Path Using a ?–S ADC;371
21.15;Motor Control Solutions;372
21.16;A Few Final Words;377
21.17;References;378
22;Chapter 15: Working the Analog Problem From the Digital Domain;380
22.1;In This Chapter;380
22.2;Pulse Width Modulator (PWM) Used as a Digital-to-Analog Converter;381
22.3;Looking at This Reference in the Time Domain;381
22.4;Changing This Digital Signal to Analog;383
22.5;Defining Your Analog Lowpass Filter for Your PWM-DAC;384
22.6;Pulling the Time Domain and Frequency Domain Together;387
22.7;Using the Comparator for Analog Conversions;388
22.8;Input Range of a Comparator (V[sub(IN+)] and V[sub(IN–)]);389
22.9;Input Hysteresis;389
22.10;Window Comparator;390
22.11;Combining the Comparator with a Timer;391
22.12;Using the Timer and Comparator to Build a ?–S A/D Converter;393
22.13;?–S Theory;393
22.14;The Controller Implementation;395
22.15;Error Analysis of This ?–S A/D Converter Implemented With a Controller;398
22.16;RDS[sub(ON)] Error;398
22.17;RA0 Port Leakage Current;398
22.18;Nonsymmetrical Output Port (RA3);398
22.19;Voltage Reference;398
22.20;Other Input Ranges;399
22.21;Input Range of 2V to 3V;399
22.22;Input Range of 10V to 15V;400
22.23;Input Range of ±500 mV;401
22.24;Final Thoughts;402
22.25;References;403
23;Chapter 16: What's All This Error Budget Stuff, Anyhow?;404
24;Chapter 17: What's All This V[sub(BE)] Stuff, Anyhow?;408
24.1;Part 1;408
24.2;Part 2;414
24.3;Next Topic;415
25;Chapter 18: The Zoo Circuit;418
25.1;History, Mistakes, and Some Monkeys Design a Circuit;418
25.2;References;437
26;Appendix A: Analog-to-Digital Converter Specification Definitions and Formulas;440
26.1;References;449
27;Appendix B: Capacitor Coefficients for Lowpass Sallen-Key Filters;450
28;Index;454
28.1;A;454
28.2;B;455
28.3;C;455
28.4;D;456
28.5;E;457
28.6;F;457
28.7;G;458
28.8;H;458
28.9;I;458
28.10;J;458
28.11;L;458
28.12;M;458
28.13;N;459
28.14;O;459
28.15;P;459
28.16;Q;460
28.17;R;460
28.18;S;460
28.19;T;460
28.20;U;461
28.21;V;461
28.22;W;461
28.23;Z;461