Piers Personality and Psychopathology

Critical Dialogues with David Shapiro
1. Auflage 2010
ISBN: 978-1-4419-6214-0
Verlag: Springer-Verlag
Format: PDF
Kopierschutz: Adobe DRM (»Systemvoraussetzungen)

E-Book, Englisch, 292 Seiten

With his penetrating theory of personality and his nuanced understanding of the psychotherapeutic relationship, David Shapiro has influenced clinicians across the theoretical spectrum since the publication of Neurotic Styles in 1965. This influence is on vivid display in Personality and Psychopathology, as noted contemporary theorists critically evaluate his work in a fascinating dialogue with Shapiro himself. Starting with a crucial therapeutic observation-the centrality of the relationship between what the client says in session and how it is said-contributors revisit his core concepts regarding personality development, the prevolitional aspects of psychopathology, the limits to self-understanding, and the defensive uses of self-deception in light of current psychodynamic, evolutionary, and systems theory. Shapiro's replies, and the contributors' rejoinders, highlight points of departure and agreement and provide further clarification and extension of his ideas on a wide range of salient topics, including: The experience of autonomy in schizophrenia. Defensive thinking to prevent dreaded states of mind. The linguistics of self-deceptive speech. Self-deception as a reproductive strategy. Intentionality and craving in addiction. The subjective experience of hypomania. Personality and Psychopathology affords psychotherapists and research psychologists not only a unique opportunity to gain insight into Shapiro's contributions, but also new lenses for re-examining their own work.

Craig Piers, Ph.D. is Director of Education and Training in the psychological counseling service at Williams College, and formerly, Associate Director of Admissions and a senior supervising psychologist at the Austen Riggs Center. Dr. Piers frequently presents his work nationally and his published articles and book chapters have addressed personality disorders and assessment, psychotherapeutic impasse, suicide and complex systems theory. Dr. Piers is co-editor (with John Muller and Joseph Brent) of Self-Organizing Complexity in Psychological Systems (Aronson, 2007), an Associate Editor of Psychoanalytic Dialogues, and serves as a reviewer for several other professional journals.

Autoren/Hrsg.

Piers, Craig

Inhaltsverzeichnis

1;Contents;6
2;Preface;10
3;Autobiographical Notes;12
3.1;Austen Riggs Center;14
3.2;Neurotic Styles;17
3.3;Autonomy and Rigid Character;17
3.4;Psychotherapy of Neurotic Character;19
3.5;A Professor;20
3.6;Postscript;22
4;Contributors;24
5;Chapter 1: Another View of Psychotherapy?;29
5.1;Reply to Herbert Schlesinger;42
5.2;References;40
6;Chapter 2: Personality in Context: Reflections on the Contributions of David Shapiro;49
6.1;Phenomenological Virtuoso;49
6.2;Vicious Circles, Critiques of “Received” Understandings, and Consonances with the Point of View of Karen Horney;52
6.3;Holism and the “One-Person” Point of View;56
6.4;Shapiro, Ego Psychology, and Relational Psychoanalysis;61
6.5;Reply to Paul Wachtel;66
6.6;Convergences: Response to David Shapiro’s Reply;69
6.7;References;64
7;Chapter 3: A New Developmental Foundation for David Shapiro’s Work on Autonomy and Character;71
7.1;Reply to E. Virginia Demos;85
7.2;Continuing the Discussion;88
7.3;References;83
8;Chapter 4: Two Configurations of Personality Development and Psychopathology: Etiologic and Therapeutic Implications;94
8.1;Personality Development;98
8.2;Personality Organization;100
8.3;Psychopathology;103
8.4;The Therapeutic Process;105
8.5;Summary;108
8.6;Reply to Sidney Blatt;113
8.7;Interpersonal Relatedness and Self-definition: Fundamental Developmental Psychological Dimensions;117
8.8;References;109
9;Chapter 5: Autonomy and Schizophrenia: Reflections on an Ideal;124
9.1;Introduction;124
9.2;Shapiro on Autonomy;128
9.3;Loss of Autonomy in Schizophrenia;131
9.4;Values;132
9.5;Some Objections;135
9.6;Action;138
9.7;Infrastructure;141
9.8;Conclusion: Alternative Views;145
9.9;Reply to Louis Sass;152
9.10;Rejoinder to David Shapiro;155
9.11;References;149
10;Chapter 6: Reconceptualizing Defense, Unconscious Processes, and Self-Knowledge: David Shapiro’s Contribution;159
10.1;Introduction;159
10.2;A Reconceptualization of Repression: From Mechanism to Character Style;160
10.3;From “The Unconscious” to Gradations of Consciousness: The Role of Attention and Articulation;164
10.4;Third-person Versus First-person Self-knowledge: From Estrangement to Personal Avowal;166
10.5;The Adaptive and Maladaptive Consequences of Defense: The Role of Context and Situation;170
10.6;Defensive Style and External Trauma Versus Inner Conflict;173
10.6.1;Reply to Morris Eagle;179
10.6.1.1;Reply to David Shapiro;185
10.7;References;176
11;Chapter 7: Defensive Styles of Thinking to Prevent Dreaded States of Mind;188
11.1;Introduction;188
11.2;The Context of Theory;188
11.3;Short Order Observations;190
11.4;Categories Enable Close Observation of Defensive Control Processes;190
11.5;Counteracting Common Defensive Styles;194
11.6;Conclusion;200
11.7;Reply to Mardi Horowitz;202
11.8;References;200
12;Chapter 8: Self-Deceptive Speech: A Psycholinguistic View;205
12.1;Self as Audience;206
12.2;Lexical Features of Defensive Speech;210
12.3;What Kind of Communicative Moment?;213
12.4;Reply to Michael Schober and Peter Glick;218
12.4.1;Reply to David Shapiro;221
12.5;References;216
13;Chapter 9: Neurotic Self-Deception as a Reproductive Strategy;223
13.1;Strangers to Ourselves;225
13.2;The Anxiety Forestalling Function of Self-Deceptive Speech Acts;226
13.3;Self-Deceptive Speech as an Adaptive Form of Social Manipulation;227
13.4;Is Self-Deception Content Neutral?;229
13.5;Deception as a Reproductive Strategy;230
13.6;Character Style as a Reproductive Strategy;231
13.7;Implications for Character Analysis;235
13.8;Reply to Lawrence Josephs;238
13.9;Spandrel or Adaptive Design?;240
13.10;References;236
14;Chapter 10: David Shapiro’s Characterology and Complex Systems Theory;1
14.1;A Way of Thinking;245
14.2;Shapiro’s Character Theory and CST;253
14.2.1;Character as a Self-Organized, Emergent Attractor;254
14.2.2;Development of Autonomy;255
14.2.3;Psychodynamics of Character;257
14.2.4;Clinical Nonlinearities;261
14.3;Conclusion;261
14.4;Reply to Craig Piers;264
14.5;References;262
15;Chapter 11: I Don’t Want to Want to: Intentionality and Craving in Addiction;268
15.1;Craving and Intention;270
15.2;The Impulsive Character Style;271
15.3;Aspects of Impulsive Style;273
15.4;Testing the Theory;274
15.5;Conclusion;276
15.6;Reply to Mindy Greenstein;280
15.7;References;277
16;Chapter 12: Activity, Passivity, and the Subjective Experience of Hypomania;282
16.1;Psychoanalysis, Mania, and Activity;283
16.2;Substance Abuse and Mania;285
16.3;Lithium Carbonate Noncompliance and Activity;287
16.4;An Attempt to Induce a Hypomanic-Like State;288
16.5;General Discussion and Clinical Implications;291
16.6;Reply to Andreas Evdokas and Ali Khadivi;294
16.7;References;291
17;Appendix A: On Two Fundamental Categories of Psychopathology;296
18;Index;304