Postman / Keppel Norms of Word Association

1. Auflage 2014
ISBN: 978-1-4832-6863-7
Verlag: Elsevier Science & Techn.
Format: PDF
Kopierschutz: 1 - PDF Watermark

E-Book, Englisch, 476 Seiten, Web PDF

Norms of Word Association contains a heterogeneous collection of word association norms. This book brings together nine sets of association norms that were collected independently at different times during a 15-year period. Each chapter is a self-contained unit. The order in which the norms are presented is arbitrary, although an attempt is made to group together norms that seem to belong together. The 1952 Minnesota norms are presented first, due to 'age' and in recognition of the fact that a number of the norms that follow are direct outgrowths of this work. The next three norms in this collection are responses to the Russell-Jenkins stimuli obtained from subjects representing different linguistic communities. A summary of association norms collected from British and Australian subjects are reported along with association norms from German and French college students and French workmen. Four sets of norms that are not directly related to the 1952 Minnesota collection are included. The text will be of interest to historians and researchers in the field of verbal learning and verbal behavior.

Autoren/Hrsg.

Postman, Leo

Keppel, Geoffrey

Inhaltsverzeichnis

1;Front Cover;1
2;Rhythm and Meter;4
3;Copyright Page;5
4;Table of Contents;6
5;CONTRIBUTORS;10
6;PREFACE;12
7;CHAPTER 1. INTRODUCTION: RHYTHM AND METER;14
7.1;BIBLIOGRAPHY;26
8;CHAPTER 2. A COMPARISON OF RHYTHMIC STRUCTURES IN MUSIC AND LANGUAGE;28
8.1;1. GOALS OF GENERATIVE MUSIC THEORY;29
8.2;2. LEVELS OF MUSICAL REPRESENTATION;32
8.3;3. SUBSTANTIVE PARALLELS BETWEEN MUSIC AND PHONOLOGY;40
8.4;4. WHY TIME-SPAN REDUCTION AND METRICAL STRUCTURE ARE BOTH NECESSARY;43
8.5;5. WHERE IS STRESS ENCODED?;47
8.6;6. (NON) PARALLELS OF MUSICAL AND POETIC METER;51
8.7;7. WHAT ARE THE TREES FOR IN LANGUAGE?;54
8.8;ACKNOWLEDGMENTS;56
8.9;REFERENCES;56
9;CHAPTER 3. METRICAL FORMS;58
9.1;1. INTRODUCTION;58
9.2;2. A HIERARCHICAL THEORY OF METER;63
9.3;3. ASPECTS OF CLASSICAL GREEK METER;69
9.4;4. CLASSICAL ARABIC METERS;81
9.5;REFERENCES;92
10;CHAPTER 4. ADDENDUM TO PRINCE'S "METRICAL FORMS";94
10.1;ACKNOWLEDGMENTS;99
10.2;REFERENCES;99
11;CHAPTER 5. TEMPORAL STRUCTURES IN VERSE DESIGN;100
11.1;1. PERSPECTIVE;100
11.2;2. TRADITIONAL HESITATIONS: PARADIGM LOST;102
11.3;3. PARADIGM REGAINED;103
11.4;4. INITIAL EXPLORATIONS;105
11.5;5. THE PROBLEM STATED;109
11.6;6. TEMPORALLY RIGID RHYTHMIC STRUCTURES;110
11.7;7. COMPATIBILITY;124
11.8;8. APPLICATIONS;129
11.9;9. PROSPECT;130
11.10;ACKNOWLEDGMENTS;131
11.11;REFERENCES;132
12;CHAPTER 6. GENERAL AND PARTICULAR ASPECTS OF METER: LITERATURES, EPOCHS, POETS;134
12.1;1. PROBLEMS AND THESES;134
12.2;2. THESIS 3;139
12.3;3. THESIS 1;145
12.4;4. THESIS 2;155
12.5;5. BY WAY OF A CONCLUSION;161
12.6;SOURCES OF THE MAIN VERSE TEXTS ANALYZED;165
12.7;REFERENCES;165
13;CHAPTER 7. IAMBIC AND TROCHAIC VERSE—MAJOR AND MINOR KEYS?;168
13.1;1. INTRODUCTION;168
13.2;2. IAMBIC VERSE;169
13.3;3. TROCHAIC VERSE;173
13.4;4. ENJAMBMENT AND RHYME;175
13.5;5. METRICAL STRUCTURE;179
13.6;6. CLASSICAL VERSE FORMS;184
13.7;7. MODERN CLASSICAL FORMS;189
13.8;8. POSTSCRIPT;193
13.9;REFERENCES;194
14;CHAPTER 8. LINGUISTIC THEORY AND LITERARY CRITICISM: THE RHYTHMS OF ENGLISH POETRY REVISITED;196
14.1;1. INTRODUCTION;196
14.2;2. THE RHYTHMS OF ENGLISH POETRY;197
14.3;3. GENERALIZATION AND EVIDENCE;202
14.4;4. LINGUISTIC THEORY AND LITERARY CRITICISM;211
14.5;ACKNOWLEDGMENTS;211
14.6;REFERENCES;212
15;CHAPTER 9. THE PROSODIC HIERARCHY IN METER;214
15.1;1. INTRODUCTION;214
15.2;2. THE PROSODIC HIERARCHY;215
15.3;3. THE EVIDENCE FROM METER;234
15.4;REFERENCES;271
16;CHAPTER 10. TRIPLE THREATS TO DUPLE RHYTHM;274
16.1;1. INTRODUCTION;274
16.2;2. RHYTHMIC SOURCES OF METRICAL UNCERTAINTY;278
16.3;3. TRIPLE RHYTHMS IN ENGLISH;283
16.4;4. THE MIXING OF THE ENGLISH METERS;295
16.5;APPENDIX: WORDS AND WORD GROUPS SOMETIMES REDUCED, SOMETIMES USED IN FULL, IN SIXTEENTH- AND SEVENTEENTH-CENTURY ENGLISH VERSE;301
16.6;REFERENCES;302
17;CHAPTER 11. METER IN AUDEN'S "STREAMS";304
17.1;ACKNOWLEDGMENTS;316
17.2;REFERENCES;317
18;CHAPTER 12. SPRUNG RHYTHM;318
18.1;1. APPARENT LICENCES;318
18.2;2. HOPKINS'S "NEW PROSODY";322
18.3;3. WEAK POSITIONS;324
18.4;4. STRONG POSITIONS;329
18.5;5. RESOLUTION;332
18.6;6. OUTRIDES;336
18.7;7. METRICAL RULES;337
18.8;8. VARIETIES OF SPRUNG RHYTHM;338
18.9;9. METER AND STYLE;341
18.10;10. HOPKINS'S MARKING OF BEATS;345
18.11;11. HOPKINS'S MARKING OF OUTRIDES;347
18.12;12. CONCLUDING REMARKS;350
18.13;APPENDIX: NORMAL SPRUNG RHYTHM POEMS;352
18.14;REFERENCES;352
19;CHAPTER 13. MILTON'S METER;354
19.1;1. STATISTICAL VERSUS CATEGORICAL RULES;354
19.2;2. SYNTACTIC INVERSIONS AS EVIDENCE FOR METRICAL PRINCIPLES;363
19.3;3. EVALUATION AND DISCOVERY OF METRICAL PRINCIPLES;369
19.4;4. METRICAL COMPLEXITY;382
19.5;5. CONCLUSION;389
19.6;ACKNOWLEDGMENTS;392
19.7;REFERENCES;392
20;INDEX;394