Ravindran Operations Research and Management Science Handbook

Erscheinungsjahr 2007
ISBN: 978-1-4200-0971-2
Verlag: Taylor & Francis
Format: PDF
Kopierschutz: Adobe DRM (»Systemvoraussetzungen)

E-Book, Englisch, 904 Seiten

Reihe: Operations Research Series

Operations Research (OR) began as an interdisciplinary activity to solve complex military problems during World War II. Utilizing principles from mathematics, engineering, business, computer science, economics, and statistics, OR has developed into a full fledged academic discipline with practical application in business, industry, government and military. Currently regarded as a body of established mathematical models and methods essential to solving complicated management issues, OR provides quantitative analysis of problems from which managers can make objective decisions. Operations Research and Management Science (OR/MS) methodologies continue to flourish in numerous decision making fields. Featuring a mix of international authors, Operations Research and Management Science Handbook combines OR/MS models, methods, and applications into one comprehensive, yet concise volume. The first resource to reach for when confronting OR/MS difficulties, this text – - Provides a single source guide in OR/MS

- Bridges theory and practice

- Covers all topics relevant to OR/MS

- Offers a quick reference guide for students, researchers and practitioners

- Contains unified and up-to-date coverage designed and edited with non-experts in mind

- Discusses software availability for all OR/MS techniques

- Includes contributions from a mix of domestic and international experts
The 26 chapters in the handbook are divided into two parts. Part I contains 14 chapters that cover the fundamental OR/MS models and methods. Each chapter gives an overview of a particular OR/MS model, its solution methods and illustrates successful applications. Part II of the handbook contains 11 chapters discussing the OR/MS applications in specific areas. They include airlines, e-commerce, energy systems, finance, military, production systems, project management, quality control, reliability, supply chain management and water resources. Part II ends with a chapter on the future of OR/MS applications.

Zielgruppe

Industrial, manufacturing, and production engineers, operations managers, aerospace and mechanical engineers, project managers, designers, and mathematicians.

Autoren/Hrsg.

Ravindran, A. Ravi

Fachgebiete

• Wirtschaftswissenschaften Betriebswirtschaft Management

Inhaltsverzeichnis

I OR/MS Models and Methods

Linear Programming, K. G. Murty

Brief History of Algorithms for Solving Linear Equations, Linear

Inequalities, and LPs

Applicability of the LP Model: Classical Examples of

Direct Applications

LP Models Involving Transformations of Variables

Intelligent Modeling Essential to Get Good Results, an Example from

Container Shipping

Planning Uses of LP Models

Brief Introduction to Algorithms for Solving LP Models

Software Systems Available for Solving LP Models

Multiobjective LP Models

Nonlinear Programming, T.B. Trafalis and R.C. Gilbert

Introduction

Unconstrained Optimization

Constrained Optimization

Conclusion

Integer Programming, M. Weng

Introduction

Formulation of IP Models

Branch and Bound Method

Cutting Plane Method

Other Solution Methods and Computer Solution

Network Optimization, M.B. Yildirim

Introduction

Notation

Minimum Cost Flow Problem

Shortest Path Problem

Maximum Flow Problem

Assignment Problem

Minimum Spanning Tree Problem

Minimum Cost Multicommodity Flow Problem

Conclusions

Multiple Criteria Decision Making, A.S. M. Masud and A. R. Ravindran

Some Definitions

The Concept of “Best Solution”

Criteria Normalization

Computing Criteria Weights

Multiple Criteria Methods for Finite

Alternatives

Multiple Criteria Mathematical Programming Problems

Goal Programming

Method of Global Criterion and Compromise Programming

Interactive Methods

MCDM Applications

MCDM Software

Further Readings

Decision Analysis, C. M. Klein

Introduction

Terminology for Decision Analysis

Decision Making under Risk

Decision Making under Uncertainty

Practical Decision Analysis

Conclusions

Resources

Dynamic Programming, J. A. Ventura

Introduction

Deterministic Dynamic Programming Models

Stochastic Dynamic Programming Models

Conclusions

Stochastic Processes, S. H. Xu

Introduction

Poisson Processes

Discrete-Time Markov Chains

Continuous-Time Markov Chains

Renewal Theory

Software Products Available for Solving

Stochastic Models

Queueing Theory, N. Gautam

Introduction

Queueing Theory Basics

Single-Station and Single-Class Queues

Single-Station and Multiclass Queues

Multistation and Single-Class Queues

Multistation and Multiclass Queues

Concluding Remarks

Inventory Control, F. Azadivar and A. Rangarajan

Introduction

Design of Inventory Systems

Deterministic Inventory Systems

Stochastic Inventory Systems

Inventory Control at Multiple Locations

Inventory Management in Practice

Conclusions

Current and Future Research

Complexity and Large-Scale Networks, H. P. Thadakamalla, S. R.T. Kumara, and R. Albert

Introduction

Statistical Properties of Complex Networks

Modeling of Complex Networks

Why “Complex” Networks

Optimization in Complex Networks

Conclusions

Simulation, C. M. Harmonosky

Introduction

Basics of Simulation

Simulation Languages and Software

Simulation Projects—The Bigger Picture

Summary

Metaheuristics for Discrete Optimization Problems, R.K. Kincaid

Mathematical Framework for Single Solution Metaheuristics

Network Location Problems

Multistart Local Search

Simulated Annealing

Plain Vanilla Tabu Search

Active Structural Acoustic Control (ASAC)

Nature Reserve Site Selection

Damper Placement in Flexible Truss Structures

Reactive Tabu Search

Discussion

Robust Optimization, H. J. Greenberg and T. Morrison

Introduction

Classical Models

Robust Optimization Models

More Applications

Summary

II OR/MS Applications

Project Management, A. B. Badiru

Introduction

Critical Path Method

PERT Network Analysis

Statistical Analysis of Project Duration

Precedence Diagramming Method

Software Tools for Project Management

Conclusion

Quality Control, Q. Feng and K. C. Kapur

Introduction

Quality Control and Product Life Cycle

New Trends and Relationship to Six Sigma

Statistical Process Control

Process Capability Studies

Advanced Control Charts

16.7 Limitations of Acceptance Sampling

16.8 Conclusions

Reliability, L. M. Leemis

Introduction

Reliability in System Design

Lifetime Distributions

Parametric Models

Parameter Estimation in Survival Analysis

Nonparametric Methods

Assessing Model Adequacy

Summary

Production Systems,

B. L. Foote and K. G. Murty

Production Planning Problem

Demand Forecasting

Models for Production Layout Design

Scheduling of Production and Service Systems

Energy Systems, C. R. Hudson and A. B. Badiru

Introduction

Definition of Energy

Harnessing Natural Energy

Mathematical Modeling of Energy Systems

Linear Programming Model of Energy Resource Combination

Integer Programming Model for Energy Investment Options

Simulation and Optimization of Distributed Energy Systems

Point-of-Use Energy Generation

Modeling of CHP Systems

Economic Optimization Methods

Design of a Model for Optimization of CHP System Capacities

Capacity Optimization

Implementation of the Computer Model

Other Scenarios

Airline Optimization, J. L. Snowdon and G. Paleologo

Introduction

Schedule Planning

Revenue Management

Aircraft Load Planning

Future Research Directions and Conclusions

Financial Engineering, A. R. Heching and A. J. King

Introduction

Return

Estimating an Asset’s Mean and Variance

Diversification

Efficient Frontier

Utility Analysis

Black–Litterman Asset Allocation Model

Risk Management

Options

Valuing Options

Dynamic Programming

Pricing American Options Using Dynamic Programming

Comparison of Monte Carlo Simulation and Dynamic Programming

Multi-Period Asset Liability Management

Conclusions

Supply Chain Management, D. P. Warsing

Introduction

Managing Inventories in the Supply Chain

Managing Transportation in the Supply Chain

Managing Locations in the Supply Chain

Managing Dyads in the Supply Chain

Discussion and Conclusions

E-Commerce, S. Sadagopan

Introduction

Evolution of E-Commerce

OR/MS and E-Commerce

OR Applications in E-Commerce

Tools–Applications Matrix

Way Forward

Summary

Water Resources, G.V. Loganathan

Introduction

Optimal Operating Policy for Reservoir Systems

Water Distribution Systems Optimization

Preferences in Choosing Domestic Plumbing Materials

Stormwater Management

Groundwater Management

Summary

Military Applications, J. D. Weir and M. U. Thomas

Introduction

Background on Military OR

Current Military Applications of OR

Concluding Remarks

Future of OR/MS Applications: A Practitioner’s Perspective, P. Balasubramanian

Past as a Guide to the Future

Impact of the Internet

Emerging Opportunities Index