Sack SQL Server 2000 Fast Answers for DBAs and Developers, Signature Edition

Signature Edition
2. Auflage 2006
ISBN: 978-1-4302-0051-2
Verlag: Apress
Format: PDF
Kopierschutz: Adobe DRM (»Systemvoraussetzungen)

E-Book, Englisch, 984 Seiten

SQL Server 2000 is the leading relational database for the Windows platform. It's a full-featured, enterprise-class database server, but its ease of use and maintenance makes it suitable whether youre a junior, part-time, or advanced database administrator or developer. SQL Server expert and author Joseph Sack covers all SQL Server 2000 features, so you'll be able to rely on this book when you're in the field and need quick, effective solutions.

Included are hundreds of practical recipes that describe and demonstrate the utility of a feature or functionwith the minimum necessary background theory. This quick and effective reference highlights the specifics of every SQL Server command or process. Further, this special signature edition contains a searchable PDF of the book, making it ideal to use as both a desktop reference, and a client-site field guide.

Autoren/Hrsg.

Sack, Joseph

Inhaltsverzeichnis

1;Contents;6
2;Preface;8
3;Abbreviations;10
4;1 The study and its premises;12
4.1;Introduction;12
4.2;The origins of the study;12
4.3;The study in brief;13
4.4;A note on terminology;15
4.5;Positivism, functionalism and the advocacy of ecotourism;19
4.6;Interpreting the debate;22
4.7;Establishing the discourse – a dual emphasis;23
4.8;Analysing the discourse;27
4.9;The wider advocacy of ecotourism;29
5;2 Ecotourism in development perspective;31
5.1;Introduction;31
5.2;The coming together of conservation and development;32
5.3;Characterising the convergence – neopopulism and civil society in the advocacy of ecotourism;42
5.4;The literature on ecotourism;48
5.5;Summary;52
6;3 Pioneers of ecotourism;53
6.1;Introduction;53
6.2;The case studies and their relationship to ecotourism;53
7;4 Community participation in the advocacy of ecotourism;72
7.1;Introduction;72
7.2;The centrality of participation;73
7.3;The case studies and community participation;77
7.4;Facilitation and control . . . but of what?;96
7.5;Empowerment and its attendant limits;97
7.6;Democracy and control . . . or simple pragmatism?;100
7.7;Did developing world communities choose the neopopulist approach to rural development?;101
7.8;Critics of community participation;103
7.9;Local participation and national priorities – an unexamined tension?;104
7.10;Community participation – a radical agenda?;106
7.11;Conclusion;110
8;5 Tradition in the advocacy of ecotourism;112
8.1;Introduction;112
8.2;A note on terminology – tradition, traditional societies and traditional knowledge;113
8.3;The case studies and the issue of tradition;115
8.4;Culture entrenched in the past;126
8.5;The in.uence of cultural relativism;126
8.6;Culture as functional;130
8.7;Against stasis;131
8.8;Cultural intervention;134
8.9;The environmentalism of the poor?;135
8.10;The emphasis on traditional knowledge – made in the West?;136
8.11;Conclusion;138
9;6 Natural capital in the advocacy of ecotourism;140
9.1;Introduction;140
9.2;What is natural capital?;141
9.3;What is meant by ‘environmental fragility’?;143
9.4;The case studies, environmental fragility and natural capital;145
9.5;What type of sustainability?;153
9.6;Critical natural capital and development;154
9.7;Conclusion;156
10;7 Symbiosis revisited;157
10.1;Introduction;157
10.2;‘Symbiosis’ in the case studies;157
10.3;Symbiosis as the central theme;165
10.4;Institutional symbiosis;167
10.5;Reconstructing symbiosis;168
10.6;Ecotourism as ecodevelopment;170
10.7;Basic needs and development;171
10.8;Conclusion;172
11;8 Concluding comments;173
11.1;A synopsis of the study;173
11.2;The development limits of neopopulism evident in ecotourism;175
11.3;A research agenda;177
12;Notes;179
13;Bibliography;181
14;Index;197

Leseproben

(p. 20)

Introduction

This chapter locates ecotourism in post-war thinking on development and conservation, and hence provides a basis for understanding its advocacy as sustainable development. In keeping with the aims and objectives of the study, the chapter focuses on the broad conceptual context of ecotourism ICDPs, rather than operational issues.

If the latter were the focus, then a review of reports from the field would be appropriate. However, in order to establish this conceptual context, the chapter identifies and synthesises two interrelated strands of literature – on conservation and on development – that together provide the basis for the claims made for ecotourism.

The chapter also attempts to situate the study in the context of exemplary literature on ecotourism. The chapter is divided into three sections. In the first section it is argued that ecotourism reflects a coming together of important strands of thinking on development and on conservation, concepts traditionally seen as being at odds with each other.

As grand, modernist views on development have been subject to criticisms, development thinking has adapted to a ‘community’ agenda. Conservation thinking has also tended to gravitate towards this agenda, in part as a response to criticisms of ‘fortress conservation’.

The resulting convergence is reviewed here, as it provides the context for the development of ecotourism ICDPs, which are, in effect, manifestations of this convergence – the argument commonly made is that ecotourism constitutes sustainable tourism development as it can bring development on the basis of conservation (Goodwin 2000: 97–112).

This part of the review also briefly considers the post-modern character of the critique of the modernisation paradigm, and also the ‘greening of aid’, which refers to funding for development initiatives that reflect the aforementioned convergence.

In the second section, the chapter examines the outcome of this convergence – a dual emphasis on neopopulism and civil society in an important strand of discourse on development. Neopopulism well describes the result of the convergence between conservation and development – it refers to an emphasis in development on community-based action and participation, which in turn is central to the advocacy of ecotourism in the case studies.

Also, the NGOs featured in the case studies all lie within the broad category of ‘civil society’. Civil society organisations have gained in prominence as organisations able to operationalise the neopopulist agenda referred to above. Therefore the review will look at the concept of civil society in order to inform a clearer understanding of the trajectory of ecotourism as a development strategy.

Put simply, convergence in development and conservation thinking has resulted in the growth of a neopopulist agenda, an agenda carried through by civil society organisations (NGOs). These three aspects provide a conceptual context for the development of ecotourism ICDPs, and thus comprise the basis of parts one and two of the chapter.

The third section considers the study in the context of other critical literature on tourism and development. It also serves to demarcate this study from other critical studies and commentaries. In conclusion, the chapter draws the various ideas together, and establishes how they set the parameters for the analysis in this study.