Schmidt Wood and Tree Fungi

Biology, Damage, Protection, and Use
1. Auflage 2006
ISBN: 978-3-540-32139-2
Verlag: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Format: PDF
Kopierschutz: 1 - PDF Watermark

E-Book, Englisch, 343 Seiten

`Wood and Tree Fungi` provides an up-to-date overview of the various wood and tree fungi that damage trees, lumber, and timber, with special focus given to identification, prevention, and remediation techniques. First, the fundamentals of cytology and morphology, growth and reproduction, formal genetics, and enzymatic wood decay are addressed. Causative factors are then analyzed, followed by descriptions of interactions like antagonism, succession, and mycorrhiza. The more practical section describes damages by viruses on trees and by bacteria on the xylem of trees and on structural timber, wood discoloration caused by molds and stain fungi, wood decays by rot fungi, and preservation methods. The habitats of wood fungi are described as well as tree care. Important tree pathogens and wood decay fungi are characterized for prevention and identification. The final section focuses on the positive effects of wood-inhabiting microorganisms, covering past and classical methods like myco-wood, mushroom cultivation, biological pulping, and `palo podrido`, as well as recent biotechnological processes

Autoren/Hrsg.

Schmidt, Olaf

Inhaltsverzeichnis

1;Foreword;5
2;Preface;6
3;Contents;7
4;Introduction;10
5;Biology;12
5.1;2.1 Cytology and Morphology;12
5.2;2.2 Growth and Spreading;19
5.3;2.3 Sexuality;35
5.4;2.4 Identification;40
5.5;2.5 Classification;56
6;Physiology;62
6.1;3.1 Nutrients;62
6.2;3.2 Air;67
6.3;3.3 Wood Moisture Content;69
6.4;3.4 Temperature;76
6.5;3.5 pH Value and Acid Production by Fungi;79
6.6;3.6 Light and Force of Gravity;83
6.7;3.7 Restrictions of Physiological Data;86
6.8;3.8 Competition and Interactions Between Organisms;88
7;Wood Cell Wall Degradation;96
7.1;4.1 Enzymes and Low Molecular Agents;96
7.2;4.2 Pectin Degradation;101
7.3;4.3 Degradation of Hemicelluloses;102
7.4;4.4 Cellulose Degradation;104
7.5;4.5 Lignin Degradation;108
8;Damages by Viruses and Bacteria;118
8.1;5.1 Viruses;118
8.2;5.2 Bacteria;118
9;Wood Discoloration;128
9.1;6.1 Molding;130
9.2;6.2 Blue Stain;134
9.3;6.3 Red Streaking;138
9.4;6.4 Protection;140
10;Wood Rot;144
10.1;7.1 Brown Rot;144
10.2;7.2 White Rot;147
10.3;7.3 Soft Rot;151
10.4;7.4 Protection;155
11;Habitat of Wood Fungi;170
11.1;8.1 Fungal Damage to Living Trees;170
11.2;8.2 TreeWounds and Tree Care;182
11.3;8.3 Tree Rots by Macrofungi;192
11.4;8.4 Damage to Stored Wood and Structural Timber Outdoors;209
11.5;8.5 Damage to Structural Timber Indoors;216
12;Positive Effects of Wood-Inhabiting Microorganisms;246
12.1;9.1 “ Myco-Wood”;247
12.2;9.2 Cultivation of Edible Mushrooms;248
12.3;9.3 Biological Pulping;253
12.4;9.4 “ Palo Podrido” and “Myco-Fodder”;255
12.5;9.5 Wood Saccharification and Sulphite Pulping;256
12.6;9.6 Grinding and Steam Explosion;257
12.7;9.7 Recent Biotechnological Processes and Outlook;258
13;Appendix 1;262
13.1;Identification Key for Strand-Forming House-Rot Fungi ( According to Huckfeldt and Schmidt 2004);262
14;Appendix 2;270
14.1;Fungi Mentioned in this Book;270
15;References;276
16;Subject Index;338