Senn / Otto Clinical Cancer Prevention

2011
ISBN: 978-3-642-10858-7
Verlag: Springer
Format: PDF
Kopierschutz: 1 - PDF Watermark

E-Book, Englisch, Band 188, 162 Seiten

Reihe: Recent Results in Cancer Research

This book is based on presentations by some of the world’s leading experts at the Sixth International Conference on Clinical Cancer Prevention, held in St. Gallen, Switzerland, during March 2010. The main themes are the latest advances in the prevention of breast and prostate cancer and the role of infection in the development of liver and gastric cancer. Special emphasis is given to perspectives on the chemoprevention of breast cancer, as the conference included an international consensus meeting on this subject. New research findings are presented and potentially more effective cancer prevention strategies are discussed, with careful consideration of controversies. The expertise of the contributors encompasses genetics and microbiology, epidemiology, and health economics, as well as clinical cancer prevention. This book will be of interest to all who wish to learn about the most recent progress in combating the development of cancer.

Autoren/Hrsg.

Senn, Hans-Jörg

Otto, Florian

Inhaltsverzeichnis

1;Contents;5
2;Allocating Cancer-Directed Expenditures: Tensions Between Prevention, Early Detection and Treatment is Unnecessary;11
2.1;1.1 Introduction;11
2.2;1.2 Our Life Expectancy and Cancer Success Stories;12
2.3;1.3 No Cure in Sight: Costs of Drugs, Gadgets, Genomics and Technology;12
2.4;1.4 Bending the Cancer Cost Curve;15
2.5;1.5 Conclusion;18
2.6;References;18
3;Lessons Learned from Prevention Programs: Different Endpoints Should Be Used in Secondary and Tertiary Prevention;20
3.1;2.1 Introduction;20
3.2;2.2 Methods;21
3.3;2.3 Results;22
3.4;2.4 Discussion;25
3.5;References;27
4;Biomarkers for Early Detection and as Surrogate Endpoints in Cancer Prevention Trials: Issues and Opportunities;30
4.1;Abbreviations;30
4.2;3.1 Biomarkers: What They Are and How They Are Applied;32
4.3;3.2 Breast Precancer and Cancer Prevention;37
4.4;3.3 Prostate Cancer Prevention;44
4.5;3.4 Colorectal Cancer Prevention;46
4.6;3.5 Lung Cancer Prevention;47
4.7;3.6 Conclusions;49
4.8;References;51
5;Targeting Polyamines and Inflammation for Cancer Prevention;57
5.1;Abbreviations;57
5.2;4.1 Introduction;58
5.3;4.2 Polyamines, Inflammation, and Cancer;58
5.4;4.3 Roles of Inflammation and Polyamines in Prostate Cancer;61
5.5;4.4 Roles of Inflammation and Polyamines in Colon Cancer;63
5.6;4.5 Roles of Inflammation and Polyamines in Other Cancers;67
5.7;4.6 Conclusions;68
5.8;References;68
6;Thinking About the Role ( Largely Ignored) of Heavy Metals in Cancer Prevention: Hexavalent Chromium and Melanoma as a Case in Point;73
6.1;5.1 Background;73
6.2;5.2 Major Risk Factors for Cutaneous Melanoma;75
6.3;5.3 Metals;77
6.4;5.4 Future Prospects;80
6.5;References;80
7;Hepatitis B Virus and Cancer Prevention;83
7.1;6.1 Infection and Cancer;83
7.2;6.2 Disease Burden of Liver Cancer;85
7.3;6.3 Hepatitis B Virus Infection and Hepatocellular Carcinoma;85
7.4;6.4 Cancer Prevention Against Hepatocellular Carcinoma;86
7.5;6.5 Hepatitis B Vaccination Program;87
7.6;6.6 Effective Reduction of Chronic HBV Infection by Universal Hepatitis B Immunization;87
7.7;6.7 The Effect on Liver Cancer Prevention by Vaccination;88
7.8;6.8 Problems and Strategies of Successful HCC Prevention by Hepatitis B Vaccination;89
7.9;6.9 Implications and Future Prospects;89
7.10;References;90
8;Chemoprevention of Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Chronic Hepatitis C;93
8.1;7.1 Hepatitis C;93
8.2;7.2 Hepatocellular Carcinoma;94
8.3;7.3 Prevention of Hepatocellular Carcinoma;95
8.4;7.4 Conclusions;105
8.5;References;105
9;Nutritional Aspects of Primary Prostate Cancer Prevention;108
9.1;8.1 Introduction;108
9.2;8.2 Dietary/Nutritional Factors;109
9.3;8.3 American Cancer Society (ACS) Guideline;112
9.4;8.4 Conclusions;113
9.5;References;113
10;Prostate Cancer Prevention with 5 Alpha- Reductase Inhibitors;115
10.1;9.1 Rationale for the Chemoprevention of Prostate Cancer;115
10.2;9.2 The Prostate Cancer Prevention Trial;116
10.3;9.3 Pathologic Characteristics of the Cancers in the Prostate Cancer Prevention Trial;116
10.4;9.4 Finasteride Increases Sensitivity of Prostate- Specific Antigen, Digital Rectal Examination and Biopsy Detection for Prostate Cancer;117
10.5;9.5 Side Effects of Finasteride;119
10.6;9.6 Conclusion;119
10.7;References;119
11;Hormone Replacement Therapy and Breast Cancer;121
11.1;10.1 Background;121
11.2;10.2 HRT Use in Women Diagnosed with Breast Cancer;122
11.3;10.3 HRT and Risk of Breast Cancer;124
11.4;10.4 HRT After Oophorectomy in Women Less Than 50 Years of Age;125
11.5;10.5 Coronary Heart Disease;126
11.6;10.6 Potential Biological Explanations;127
11.7;10.7 Conclusions;128
11.8;References;128
12;Physical Activity and Breast Cancer: Review of the Epidemiologic Evidence and Biologic Mechanisms;131
12.1;11.1 Epidemiologic Evidence;132
12.2;11.2 Biologic Mechanisms;138
12.3;11.3 Conclusion;141
12.4;References;142
13;Prevention of Breast Cancer by Newer SERMs in the Future;146
13.1;12.1 Introduction;146
13.2;12.2 Arzoxifene;147
13.3;12.3 Lasofoxifene;147
13.4;12.4 Discussion;148
13.5;12.5 Conclusions;149
13.6;References;149
14;Chemoprevention of Hormone Receptor- Negative Breast Cancer: New Approaches Needed;151
14.1;13.1 Introduction;152
14.2;13.2 Endocrine Preventive Agents;152
14.3;13.3 Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators;152
14.4;13.4 Aromatase Inhibitors;155
14.5;13.5 New Strategies to Prevent Hormone- Independent Breast Cancer;156
14.6;13.6 Cell Growth Inhibitors;157
14.7;References;163