Sheffield Plasma Scattering of Electromagnetic Radiation

1. Auflage 2013
ISBN: 978-1-4832-2022-2
Verlag: Elsevier Science & Techn.
Format: PDF
Kopierschutz: 1 - PDF Watermark

E-Book, Englisch, 318 Seiten, Web PDF

Plasma Scattering of Electromagnetic Radiation covers the theory and experimental application of plasma scattering. The book discusses the basic properties of a plasma and of the interaction of radiation with a plasma; the relationship between the scattered power spectrum and the fluctuations in plasma density; and the incoherent scattering of low-temperature plasma. The text also describes the constraints and problems that arise in the application of scattering as a diagnostic technique; the characteristic performance of various dispersion elements, image dissectors, and detectors; and the general scattered spectrum for an unmagnetized, low-temperature, quasi-equilibrium plasma. The application of the general scattered spectrum for a magnetized plasma; the scattering from a high-temperature plasma; and the scattering from unstable plasmas are also encompassed. Plasma physicists and people involved in the study of electromagnetic radiation will find the book invaluable.

John Sheffield PhD is known worldwide because of his involvement in numerous multi-national fusion energy projects for the U.S. and Europe. In the 1970s, he was on the design team for the 16-nation, Joint European Torus project at Culham in England; in the 1990s, he served as a U.S. representative on committees that defined and then gave technical advice to the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER)-China, Europe, India, Japan, Korea, Russia, and the United States.He served on the US-DOE's Fusion Energy Sciences Advisory Committee for over a decade, chairing it from 1996 to 2000. From 1988 to 1994, he was director of Fusion Energy at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory. From 1995 to 2003, he was director for Energy Technology Programs at ORNL, and from 1997 also director of the Joint Institute for Energy and Environment at the University of Tennessee. There he remains as a Senior Fellow in what is now called the Institute for a Secure and Sustainable Environment.

Autoren/Hrsg.

Sheffield, John

Inhaltsverzeichnis

1;Front Cover
;1
2;Plasma Scattering of Electromagnetic Radiation
;4
3;Copyright Page
;5
4;Table of Contents
;8
5;Preface;12
6;Acknowledgments;13
7;Chapter 1. Introduction
;14
7.1;1.1 INTRODUCTION
;14
7.2;1.2 PLASMAS
;17
7.3;1.3 SYSTEMS OF UNITS
;20
7.4;1.4 CHARACTERISTIC LENGTHS AND TIMES IN A PLASMA
;22
7.5;1.5 SCATTERING OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION BY A PLASMA
;23
7.6;1.6 RADIATION BY A MOVING CHARGE
;24
7.7;1.7 ACCELERATION OF ACHARGE BY AN ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVE
;26
7.8;1.8 GENERAL RESTRICTIONS APPLIED TO CALCULATIONS IN THIS BOOK
;31
8;Chapter 2. Scattered Power Spectrum
;36
8.1;2.1 SPECTRAL DENSITY FUNCTION S(k,w>)
;36
8.2;2.2 KINETIC EQUATIONS FOR A PLASMA
;38
8.3;2.3 S(k,w) FOR A LOW-TEMPERATURE PLASMA
;42
8.4;2.4 S{k,w) FOR A HIGH-TEMPERATURE PLASMA
;46
8.5;2.5 S(k,w) FOURIER-LAPLACE TRANSFORMS AND COLLISIONS
;48
9;Chapter 3. Incoherent Scattering—Low-Temperatnre Plasma
;50
9.1;3.1 INTRODUCTION;50
9.2;3.2 SCATTERING FROM A SINGLE ELECTRON;51
9.3;3.3 INCOHERENT SCATTERING FROM A PLASMA (NO MAGNETIC FIELD)
;54
9.4;3.4 INCOHERENT SCATTERING FROM A PLASMA IN THERMO
DYNAMIC EQUILIBRIUM;57
9.5;3.5 INCOHERENT SCATTERING FROM A MAGNETIZED PLASMA;61
9.6;3.6 COMMENTS ON THE SCATTERED SPECTRUM;64
9.7;3.7 MEASUREMENT OF THE DIRECTION O
F THE MAGNETIC FIELD IN A PLASMA;67
10;Chapter 4. Constraints on Scattering Experiments
;73
10.1;4.1 INTRODUCTION;73
10.2;4.2 CHOICE OF A SOURCE (Di,DYi)
;74
10.3;4.3 CHOICE OF A SCATTERING ANGLE (0,D0)
;75
10.4;4.4 SIGNAL-TO-NOISE RATIO (S/)N
;80
10.5;4.5 RATIO OF SCATTERED POWER TO BREMSSTRAHLUNG RADIATION POWER
;83
10.6;4.6 EFFECT OF THE INCIDENT BEAM ON THE PLASMA
;89
11;Chapter 5. Optical Systems
;96
11.1;5.1 INTRODUCTION
;96
11.2;5.2 GENERAL PROPERTIES OF SPECTROMETERS: INSTRUMENT FUNCTION
;97
11.3;5.3 DIFFRACTION GRATING SPECTROMETER: THEORY
;99
11.4;5.4 REFLECTION GRATING SPECTROMETER:

IMAGE DISSECTORS, APPLICATION;103
11.5;5.5 FABRY-PEROT ETALON: THEORY;106
11.6;5.6 FABRY-PEROT ETALON SPECTROMETER: IMAGE DISSECTORS, APPLICATION;109
11.7;5.7 MISCELLANEOUS
;114
11.8;5.8 DETECTORS;117
11.9;5.9 EXAMPLES
;122
12;Chapter 6.

Scattered Spectrum for a Low-Temperature Plasma-Theory;126
12.1;6.1 INTRODUCTION;126
12.2;6.2 DERIVATION OF ne(k,w) FOR B = 0, v = 0
;128
12.3;6.3 THE SPECTRAL DENSITY FUNCTION S(k,w) FOR A COLLISIONLESS PLASMA
;132
12.4;6.4 COMMENTS ON THE EFFECTS OF VARIOUS INITIAL CONDITIONS;135
12.5;6.5 S(k,w) FOR A COLLISIONAL PLASMA, B = 0
;137
12.6;6.6 S(k,w) FROM THE FLUCTUATION-DISSIPATION THEOREM
;141
13;Chapter 7. Scattering from a Low-Temperature Stable Plasma, B = 0: Experiment
;143
13.1;7.1 INTRODUCTION;143
13.2;7.2 S(k,w
), MAXWELLIAN DISTRIBUTION FUNCTIONS;145
13.3;7.3 S(k,w), Te/ti = 1, THE SALPETER APPROXIMATION
;147
13.4;7.4 ELECTRON PLASMA FREQUENCY RESONANCES;150
13.5;7.5 ION ACOUSTIC RESONANCE;156
13.6;7.6 RELATIVE DRIFT OF ELECTRONS AND IONS;160
13.7;7.7 INCOHERENT SPECTRUM FOR COLLISIONAL PLASMA;167
13.8;7.8 TOTAL CROSS SECTION ST(k);169
14;Chapter 8. Scattering from a Magnetized Plasma
;175
14.1;8.1 INTRODUCTION;175
14.2;8.2 CALCULATION OF THE SPECTRAL DENSITY FUNCTION S(k,w
);179
14.3;8.3 S(k,w), MAXWELLIAN DISTRIBUTION FUNCTIONS
;182
14.4;8.4 COLLISIONAL MAGNETIZED PLASMA;185
14.5;8.5 TRANSVERSE MODES;187
14.6;8.6 GENERAL FEATURES OF THE MAGNETIZED SPECTRUM;189
14.7;8.7 TOTAL CROSS SECTION, ST(k)
;191
14.8;8.8 HIGH-FREQUENCY SPECTRUM;195
14.9;8.9 LOW-FREQUENCY SPECTRUM;201
15;Chapter 9. Scattering from a High-Temperature Plasma
;204
15.1;9.1 . INTRODUCTION;204
15.2;9.2 THE FINITE TRANSIT TIME EFFECT;207
15.3;9.3 S(k,w) FOR HIGH-TEMPERATURE PLASMA, B = 0
;209
15.4;9.4 INCOHERENT SPECTRUM B = 0;212
15.5;9.5 SCATTERING GEOMETRY AND FINITE TRANSIT TIME EFFECT FOR A MAGNETIZED PLASMA;217
15.6;9.6 S(k,w) HIGH-TEMPERATURE MAGNETIZED PLASMA
;220
16;Chapter 10. Scattering from Unstable Plasmas
;224
16.1;10.1 INTRODUCTION;224
16.2;10.2 MICROSCOPIC INSTABILITY THEORY;227
16.3;10.3 SCATTERING FROM A MARGINALLY STABLE PLASMA;232
16.4;10.4 SCATTERING FROM A WEAKLY UNSTABLE PLASMA;237
16.5;10.5 SCATTERING FROM MICROTURBULENCE IN SHOCK FRONTS;238
17;Appendix 1. Mathematical Methods
;247
17.1;A1.1 COMPLEX VARIABLES AND INTEGRALS IN THE COMPLEX PLANE
;247
17.2;A1.2 FOURIER TRANSFORMS;254
17.3;A1.3 LAPLACE TRANSFORMS;257
17.4;A1.4 STABILITY OF LONGITUDINAL PLASMA OSCILLATIONS;259
17.5;A1.5 TOTAL CROSS SECTION FOR A STABLE PLASMA;262
18;Appendix 2. Kinetic Theory of a Plasma
;264
18.1;A
2.1 INTRODUCTION ;264
18.2;A2.2 CHARACTERISTIC LENGTHS AND TIMES IN A PLASMA;265
18.3;A2.3 THE BOLTZMANN EQUATION;268
18.4;A2.4 COMMENTS ON THE COLLISION TERM;270
18.5;A2.5 KINETIC DESCRIPTION OF SCATTERING FROM A PLASMA;272
18.6;A2.6 THE BBGKY HIERARCHY;277
18.7;A2.7 THE KLIMONTOVICH HIERARCHY;279
18.8;A2.8 STABLE, HOMOGENEOUS, QUASI-STATIONARY PLASMAS;283
19;Appendix 3. Review of Work on the Scattering of Radiation from Plasmas
;290
19.1;A3.1 INTRODUCTION;290
19.2;A3.2 SCATTERING FROM THE IONOSPHERE;291
19.3;A3.3 SCATTERING FROM LABORATORY PLASMASWITH X{ = L AND co{ = cope;292
19.4;A3.4 SCATTERING FROM A PLASMA CLOSE TOEQUILIBRIUM, B = 0, v = 0, kK < L, co{ > cope;292
19.5;A3.5 SCATTERING FROM A MAGNETIZED PLASMA CLOSE TO EQUILIBRIUM
;296
19.6;A3.6 COLLISIONAL EFFECTS;296
19.7;A3.7 HIGH-TEMPERATURE AND RELATIVISTIC EFFECTS;297
19.8;A3.8 TOTAL SCATTERING CROSS SECTION;298
19.9;A3.9 UNSTABLE AND TURBULENT PLASMA;298
19.10;A3.10 ABSORPTION OF THE INCIDENT BEAM AND TWO-BEAM SCATTERING
;300
20;Appendix 4. Physical Constants and Formulas
;302
20.1;PHYSICAL CONSTANTS;302
20.2;CONVERSION FACTORS;302
20.3;FORMULAS;303
20.4;SYMBOLS;304
20.5;SCATTERING FORMULAS;305
20.6;UNITS;305
21;References;306
22;Index;314