Shoji / Nanzyo / Dahlgren Volcanic Ash Soils

Genesis, Properties and Utilization
1. Auflage 1994
ISBN: 978-0-08-086989-6
Verlag: Elsevier Science & Techn.
Format: PDF
Kopierschutz: 1 - PDF Watermark

E-Book, Englisch, 287 Seiten, Web PDF

Volcanic eruptions are generally viewed as agents of destruction, yet they provide the parent materials from which some of the most productive soils in the world are formed. The high productivity results from a combination of unique physical, chemical and mineralogical properties. The importance and uniqueness of volcanic ash soils are exemplified by the recent establishment of the Andisol soil order in Soil Taxonomy. This book provides the first comprehensive synthesis of all aspects of volcanic ash soils in a single volume. It contains in-depth coverage of important topics including terminology, morphology, genesis, classification, mineralogy, chemistry, physical properties, productivity and utilization. A wealth of data (37 tables, 81 figures, and Appendix) mainly from the Tohoku University Andisol Data Base is used to illustrate major concepts. Twelve color plates provide a valuable visual-aid and complement the text description of the world-wide distribution for volcanic ash soils.This volume will serve as a valuable reference for soil scientists, plant scientists, ecologists and geochemists interested in biogeochemical processes occurring in soils derived form volcanic ejecta.

Autoren/Hrsg.

Shoji, S.

Nanzyo, M.

Dahlgren, R. A.

Inhaltsverzeichnis

1;Front Cover;1
2;Volcanic Ash Soils: Genesis, Properties and Utilization;4
3;Copyright Page;5
4;Contents;20
5;Plates;6
6;Preface;12
7;Acknowledgements;16
8;The Authors;18
9;CHAPTER 1. TERMINOLOGY CONCEPTS AND GEOGRAPHIC DISTRIBUTION OF VOLCANIC ASH SOILS;26
9.1;1.1. Terminology;26
9.2;1.2. Central concepts;27
9.3;1.3. Geographic distribution of volcanic ash soils;28
9.4;References;29
10;CHAPTER 2. MORPHOLOGY OF VOLCANIC ASH SOILS;32
10.1;2.1. Introduction;32
10.2;2.2. Morphological characteristics;32
10.3;2.3. Examples of profile morphology;37
10.4;References;59
11;CHAPTER 3. GENESIS OF VOLCANIC ASH SOILS;62
11.1;3.1. Introduction;62
11.2;3.2. Formation of Andisols;63
11.3;3.3. Transition of Andisols to other soil orders;89
11.4;References;92
12;CHAPTER 4. CLASSIFICATION OF VOLCANIC ASH SOILS;98
12.1;4.1. Introduction;98
12.2;4.2. Classification of Andisols;99
12.3;4.3. Classification of Andosols in the FAO/Unesco Soil Map of the World;115
12.4;4.4. National classifications of volcanic ash soils;117
12.5;References;123
13;CHAPTER 5. MINERALOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF VOLCANIC ASH SOILS;126
13.1;5.1. Introduction;126
13.2;5.2. Volcanic ash as a parent material;127
13.3;5.3. Colloidal constituents common to volcanic ash soils;137
13.4;5.4. Formation and transformation of colloidal constituents;148
13.5;References;161
14;CHAPTER 6. CHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF VOLCANIC ASH SOILS;170
14.1;6.1. Introduction;170
14.2;6.2. Inorganic constituents;171
14.3;6.3. Organic constituents;179
14.4;6.4. Metal humus complexes;187
14.5;6.5. Physico-chemical properties;188
14.6;References;207
15;CHAPTER 7. PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF VOLCANIC ASH SOILS;214
15.1;7.1. Introduction;214
15.2;7.2. Soil color;215
15.3;7.3. Soil texture;216
15.4;7.4. Soil structure;218
15.5;7.5. Soil consistence;220
15.6;7.6. Bulk density and porosity;222
15.7;7.7. Water retention and plant available water;225
15.8;7.8. Water permeability;226
15.9;7.9. Irreversible changes in soil physical properties with drying;227
15.10;References;230
16;CHAPTER 8. PRODUCTIVITY AND UTILIZATION OF VOLCANIC ASH SOILS;234
16.1;8.1. Introduction;234
16.2;8.2. Soil productivity;235
16.3;8.3. Chemical properties relating to soil productivity;237
16.4;8.4. Physical properties relating to soil productivity;260
16.5;8.5. Utilization and management of volcanic ash soils in Japan;263
16.6;References;270
17;Appendix 1. Description and selected properties of Tsukuba soil, Findley Lake soil. Abashiri soil, and Yunodai soil;278
18;Appendix 2. Andisol TU database, 1992;288
19;Appendix 3. Selected thermodynamic data and uncertainties used in modeling mineral stability relationships in Fig. 5.12;290
20;Appendix 4. Reactions and equilibrium constants (25°C) used in modeling stability relationships in Fig. 5.12;292
21;References Index;294
22;Subject Index;302