Stern Analysis, Monitoring, and Surveying

Air Pollution
2. Auflage 2013
ISBN: 978-1-4832-6831-6
Verlag: Elsevier Science & Techn.
Format: PDF
Kopierschutz: 1 - PDF Watermark

E-Book, Englisch, 704 Seiten, Web PDF

Air Pollution, Second Edition, Volume II: Analysis, Monitoring, and Surveying discusses the cause, effect, transport, measurement, and control of air pollution. The volume deals with the sampling, analysis, measurement, and monitoring of air pollution. Devices and techniques for determining the concentration of pollutants in the atmosphere; analysis of organic and inorganic gaseous pollutants; particulate matter evaluation; and air quality monitoring are tackled as well. Engineers, physicians, meteorologists, economists, sociologists, agronomists, and toxicologists will find the book a valuable reference material.

Autoren/Hrsg.

Stern, Arthur C.

Inhaltsverzeichnis

1;Front Cover;1
2;Analysis, Monitoring, and Surveying;4
3;Copyright Page;5
4;Table of Contents;12
5;Dedication;6
6;List of Contributors;8
7;Preface;10
8;Part IV: ANALYSIS OF POLLUTANTS;22
8.1;Chapter 16. Air Sampling and Quantity Measurement;24
8.1.1;I. General Sampling Considerations;24
8.1.2;II. Sampling Aerosol Contaminants;45
8.1.3;III. Sampling Gaseous Contaminants;55
8.1.4;IV. Simplified Techniques;65
8.1.5;V. Recording Instrumentation;70
8.1.6;References;72
9;Chapter 17. Analysis of Inorganic Gaseous Pollutants;74
9.1;I. Introduction;75
9.2;II. Sulfur Dioxide;76
9.3;III. Sulfuric Acid Mist;97
9.4;IV. Hydrogen Sulfide—Methylene Blue Method;99
9.5;V. Nitrogen Dioxide and Nitric Oxide;101
9.6;VI. Ozone and Oxidants;107
9.7;VII. Volatile Fluorides and Hydrogen Fluoride;117
9.8;VIII. Chlorine and Hydrogen Chloride;120
9.9;IX. Hydrogen Cyanide and Cyanides;123
9.10;X. Ammonia and Ammonium Compounds;125
9.11;XI. Carbon Monoxide;126
9.12;XII. Carbon Dioxide;129
9.13;XIII. Continuous Analysis;130
9.14;XIV. Conclusion;132
9.15;References;132
10;Chapter 18. Analysis of Organic Gaseous Pollutants;136
10.1;I. Total Analysis for Organic Substances;137
10.2;II. Analysis of Hydrocarbons;141
10.3;III. Analysis of Aliphatic Oxygenated Compounds;151
10.4;IV. Analysis of Sulfur-Containing Compounds;157
10.5;V. Analysis of Halogenated Compounds;158
10.6;VI. Analysis of Aliphatic Nitrogen Compounds;160
10.7;References;162
11;Chapter 19. Chemical Analysis of Inorganic Particulate Pollutants;168
11.1;I. Introduction;168
11.2;II. Dustfall and Sootfall;169
11.3;III. Airborne Particulates;172
11.4;IV. Conclusion;203
11.5;References;204
12;Chapter 20. Chemical Analysis and Carcinogenic Bioassays of Organic Particulate Pollutants;208
12.1;I. Introduction;208
12.2;II. Fractionation;210
12.3;III. Neutral Fraction;212
12.4;IV. Acidic Fraction;242
12.5;V. Basic Fraction;244
12.6;VI. Bioassay;246
12.7;VII. Postscript;263
12.8;References;263
13;Chapter 21. Analysis of Number and Size of Particulate Pollutants;270
13.1;I. Introduction;270
13.2;II. Principal Methods of Sample Collection for Determination of Number and Size of Particulate Pollutants;271
13.3;III. Techniques of Counting;274
13.4;IV. Particle Size Analysis;282
13.5;References;300
14;Chapter 22. Morphological Analysis of Particulate Pollutants;302
14.1;I. Introduction;302
14.2;II. Collecting Particles;305
14.3;III. Mounting Particles for Microscopical Examination;306
14.4;IV. Morphological Analysis;307
14.5;V. Identification of Particles;312
14.6;VI. Discussion of Color Plates;318
14.7;References;330
15;Part V: AIR QUALITY AND METEOROLOGICAL MONITORING;332
15.1;Chapter 23. Odor and Its Measurement;334
15.1.1;I. Introduction;334
15.1.2;II. Classification of Odor Measurement Problems;335
15.1.3;III. Methods of Describing Odor;337
15.1.4;IV. Units of Measurement—The Odor Unit;339
15.1.5;V. Techniques of Odor Measurement by Dilution;340
15.1.6;VI. Ambient Odors;349
15.1.7;VII. Examples of Application of Odor Measurement Results;350
15.1.8;VIII. Odor Threshold Data;353
15.1.9;References;355
16;Chapter 24. Meteorological Measurements;358
16.1;I. Introduction;358
16.2;II. Primary Meteorological Measurements;359
16.3;III. Secondary Meteorological Measurements;381
16.4;IV. Instrument Siting, Mounting, and Protection;392
16.5;V. Processing of Meteorological Measurements;401
16.6;VI. Quality Control of Meteorological Measurements;408
16.7;VII. Instrument Requirements;412
16.8;References;416
17;Chapter 25. Monitoring Airborne Radioactivity;422
17.1;I. Distinctive Features of Radioactive Materials from the Standpoint of Air Sampling;422
17.2;II. Purposes of Air Monitoring;424
17.3;III. Radioactive Particulate Sampling and Quantitation;425
17.4;IV. Radioactive Gas Sampling and Quantitation;438
17.5;V. Survey Techniques;447
17.6;VI. Particle Size Analysis;448
17.7;VII. Standards;451
17.8;VIII. Measurement of Radioactivity as an Aid in Air Pollution Studies;451
17.9;References;452
18;Chapter 26. Air Quality Monitoring;454
18.1;I. Introduction;454
18.2;II. Basic Considerations;455
18.3;III. System Design;469
18.4;IV. System Operation;474
18.5;V. Data Processing;476
18.6;VI. Data Interpretation and Evaluation;487
18.7;References;491
19;Chapter 27. Production of Controlled Test Atmospheres;494
19.1;I. Introduction;494
19.2;II. System Types;497
19.3;III. Introduction of Gases and Vapors;503
19.4;IV. Introduction of Aerosols;508
19.5;V. Complex Systems;510
19.6;References;511
20;Part VI: SOURCE MEASUREMENT AND COMMUNITY SURVEY;514
20.1;Chapter 28. Source Testing;516
20.1.1;I. Introduction;516
20.1.2;II. Source Testing Procedures;518
20.1.3;III. Tracer Techniques;561
20.1.4;Reference;564
21;Chapter 29. Source Monitoring;566
21.1;I. Source Monitoring;566
21.2;II. Field Monitoring;569
21.3;III. Stack Effluent Monitoring;582
21.4;IV. Monitoring Fuels and Process;585
21.5;V. Records and Reports;586
21.6;VI. Summary;587
21.7;References;587
22;Chapter 30. Source Inspection, Registration, and Approval;590
22.1;I. Purpose of Source Inspection, Registration, and Approval;590
22.2;II. Source Inspection;591
22.3;III. Field Procedures for Source Inspection;601
22.4;IV. Source Inspection by Owner's Employees or Consultant;613
22.5;V. Source Registration;616
22.6;VI. Source Approval;619
22.7;References;623
23;Chapter 31. The Community Air Pollution Survey;626
23.1;I. Scope and Objectives of Air Pollution Surveys;626
23.2;II. Survey Types;627
23.3;III. The Community Air Pollution Survey;637
23.4;IV. Air Resources Management Plan;659
23.5;V. Summary;660
23.6;References;661
24;Author Index;668
25;Subject Index;687
26;Color Plates;16