This book presents an overview of current renewable energy sources, challenges and future trends. Drawing from their longtime expertise and deep knowledge of the field, the authors present a critic and well-structured perspective on sustainable power sources and technologies, including solar, wind, hydrogen and nuclear, both in large and small scale. Using accessible language they provide rigorous technological reviews and analyze the main issues of practical usage. The book addresses current questions in this area, such as: 'Is there enough biomass to make a difference in energy needs? Should biomass be used in Energy Generation?'; 'How mature is battery technology? Will it finally become cost effective, and will it make a significant difference this next decade?'; 'How big a role will small and modular nuclear power generation play in the coming decades?'; 'What will be the influence of national tax policies?'. No prior technical knowledge is assumed of the reader. It is, therefore, ideal for professionals and students in all areas of energy and power systems, as well as those involved in energy planning, management and policy. - Presents a realistic and clear overview of the key sustainable energy technologies that will play important roles in the world's energy mix and their impact on the current power infrastructure. - Discusses key societal and economic topics related to the implementation of sustainable energy sources in a straightforward way. - Covers a broad variety of sustainable and renewable energy sources, including hydrogen and bioenergy. It also explores key issues on small modular nuclear facilities, advances in battery technologies, grid integration, off-grid communities and the most recent topics in energy economics and policy.
Galen J. Suppes is a professor at the Department of Chemical Engineering of the University of Missouri, Columbia, USA. He received his B.S in Chemical Engineering from Kansas State University in 1985, and his Ph.D. from The Johns Hopkins University in 1989. He has also done Post-Doc Class Work at the University of Huston in 1991/92, and is author of over 120 documents, including peer reviewed articles, conference papers and scientific reports.
Suppes / Storvick
Sustainable Power Technologies and Infrastructure jetzt bestellen!
Weitere Infos & Material
List of Figures
| Figure 1.1 | The legacy of 30 years of commercial nuclear power in the United States including 30 years of fission products that are of little value and sufficient stockpiled fissionable fuel to continue to produce electrical power at the same rate for another 4350 years. | 5 |
| Figure 1.3 | Year 2000 oil flow in million barrels per day. | 19 |
| Figure 1.6 | World oil reserves by region. Estimates of Canadian reserves by in 2003 are much higher than previous years—they likely include easily recovered oil sands. | 21 |
| Figure 2.1 | Past and projected source of liquid fuels in the United States including imports. | 30 |
| Figure 2.2 | Impact of atomic mass number on permanence of atoms. H, hydrogen; He, helium; Li, lithium; C, carbon; O, oxygen; F, fluorine; Ar, argon; Fe, iron; Kr, krypton; Sn, tin; Gd, Gadolinium; Pu, plutonium; Bi, bismuth; and U, uranium. | 34 |
| Figure 2.5 | Basic steam cycle used with nuclear reactor source of heat. | 40 |
| Figure 2.6 | Escalating chain reaction such as in a nuclear bomb. | 42 |
| Figure 2.7 | Controlled steady-state chain nuclear fission such as in a nuclear reactor. | 43 |
| Figure 2.8 | Approximate inventory of commercially spent nuclear fuel and fissionable isotopes having weapon potential (Pu-239 and U-235). The solid lines are for continued operation without reprocessing and the dashed lines are for reprocessing (starting in 2005) to meet the needs of current nuclear capacity. | 46 |
| Figure 2.9 | Comparison of estimated reserves of prominent fuels other than renewable fuels. | 64 |
| Figure 2.10 | Illustration of petroleum drilling rig and reservoir. | 65 |
| Figure 2.11 | Historic and projected prices of petroleum, consumption of petroleum, and billions of dollars per year spent on oil imports by the United States. | 71 |
| Figure 3.2 | Summary of tax breakdown on $28 barrel of synthetic crude. | 92 |
| Figure 3.3 | Summary of price contributions on a gallon of gasoline on a 201 cents per gallon of unleaded regular gasoline. | 96 |
| Figure 3.4 | Comparison of electrical power generating capacity by fuel sources for electrical power generation in the United States between 1999 and 2012. | 101 |
| Figure 3.5 | Carbon dioxide emissions by sector. | 110 |
| Figure 3.6 | US IRS carbon dioxide sequestration credit form. | 113 |
| Figure 4.1 | On Earth, most energy comes from the sun and ultimately becomes heat. This is a fascinating story of trial and error with the successful inventions providing the many devices we use every day. | 122 |
| Figure 4.2 | Illustration of how pistons perform work. | 128 |
| Figure 4.3 | Condensing steam used to move a piston. | 133 |
| Figure 4.4 | Use of high- and low-pressure steam to power a piston. | 133 |
| Figure 4.5 | Illustration of basic steam turbine power cycle. | 139 |
| Figure 4.6 | Illustration of boiling water reactor (BWR) and steam power cycle. | 141 |
| Figure 4.7 | Illustration of pressurized water reactor (PWR) and steam power cycle. | 141 |
| Figure 4.8 | Illustration of atom and electron flow in hydrogen fuel cell. | 151 |
| Figure 4.9 | Illustration of fuel cell circuit powering an electric motor. | 152 |
| Figure 5.1 | Crude oil fractions and market demands. | 164 |
| Figure 5.2 | Summary of energy losses in use of fuel for automobile travel. | 179 |
| Figure 5.3 | Average fuel economy of on-the-road vehicles. | 180 |
| Figure 5.4 | Projected prices of electric vehicle batteries in $/kWh. | 187 |
| Figure 5.5 | Projected energy densities of electric vehicle batteries in Wh/kg. | 188 |
| Figure 5.6 | Illustration of Terreplane advanced transportation concept illustrating simple and low-cost nature of the propulsion line. | 189 |
| Figure 6.1 | Example energy guide for a clothes dryer. | 197 |
| Figure 6.2 | Typical vapor compression air conditioning cycle. | 199 |
| Figure 6.3 | Illustration of heat pump showing operation of air conditioning versus heating modes. | 201 |
| Figure 6.4 | Illustration of a base load power in 365 days a year and how space heating can increase base load. | 203 |
| Figure 6.5 | Illustration of peak demand from chillers used for air conditioning during 24 hour a day. | 204 |
| Figure 6.6 | Illustration of phase-change material nodules used to store cold during the night for use during the day to shift use of electricity from day to night. | 205 |
| Figure 7.1 | Increases in thermal efficiency electrical power generation during past century. | 212 |
| Figure 7.2 | Energy consumption in the U.S. Distribution by energy source only includes sources contributing more than 2% of the energy in each category. | 214 |
| Figure 7.3 | Impact of space heating on base load for electrical power generation. | 215 |
| Figure 7.4 | Estimated installed capacity for energy storage in global grid in 2011. | 216 |
| Figure 7.5 | Simplified presentations of parallel and series HEV designs. | 217 |
| Figure 7.6 | Comparison of PHEV and BEV designs. The PHEV has an engine and smaller battery pack. The BEV does not have a backup engine. | 218 |
| Figure 7.7 | Comparison of net present cost for operating a conventional vehicle (CV), hybrid electric vehicle (HEV), plug-in HEV with a 20-mile range (PHEV-20), and a battery electric vehicle (BEV) with 200 mile range. Present values are based on a 7-year life cycle, $1.75 per gallon gasoline, and 6¢/kWh electricity. Data on PHEV-20, HEV, and CV from Frank. | 219 |
| Figure 7.8 | Illustration of city BEV. The city BEV is a compact vehicle that has a maximum range of 60 miles. The city BEV is a niche market vehicle that can meet the needs of “some” commuter... |
