Tandy Handbook of Urban Landscape

1. Auflage 2013
ISBN: 978-1-4831-4216-6
Verlag: Elsevier Science & Techn.
Format: PDF
Kopierschutz: 1 - PDF Watermark

E-Book, Englisch, 280 Seiten, Web PDF

Handbook of Urban Landscape deals with aspects most related to architecture while, at the same time, it aims to serve the landscape profession itself. Because the field of landscape work is so wide, the present handbook is limited to urban landscape. The handbook can be used at three levels. Its technical studies and reviews form a general guide to current thought on the design of various kinds of open space; its design guide and information sheets are a daily reference for the landscape design process; and through its sources and references, readers can obtain background information or more specific guidance on particular aspects. This handbook is intended as a desk-side guide for all designers of urban space, including architects, landscape architects, planners, and engineers-and for students of these professions. It should also help to improve understanding of the work and procedures of landscape architects, so that all who use them as consultants will be better equipped to brief them.

Autoren/Hrsg.

Tandy, Cliff

Inhaltsverzeichnis

1;Front Cover;1
2;Handbook of Urban Landscape;4
3;Copyright Page ;5
4;Table of Contents;6
5;Section 1: Urban landscape review Technical Studies;8
5.1;Chapter 1. Introduction to landscape design;8
5.1.1;1 Context of landscape design;8
5.1.2;2 Role of the landscape architect;8
5.1.3;3 Relationship with other professions;9
5.1.4;4 Recent trends;9
5.1.5;5 Progressive techniques;11
5.1.6;6 Future trends;12
5.2;Chapter 2. Urban landscape review: current and future trends;14
5.2.1;1 The beginnings of an urban landscape;14
5.2.2;2 What is happening now?;15
5.2.3;3 Future trends;21
5.2.4;4 Technical advances;22
5.3;Chapter 3. Urban landscape review: space around buildings;24
5.3.1;1 Historical survey;24
5.3.2;2 Design philosophy and aims;24
5.3.3;3 Design influences and constraints;24
5.3.4;References;31
5.4;Chapter 4. Urban landscape review: housing;32
5.4.1;1 Beyond the threshold . . . ?;32
5.4.2;2 Relevance of landscape to housing;32
5.4.3;3 The town as an organism;32
5.4.4;4 Essentials of housing landscape;35
5.4.5;5 Cost of housing landscape;38
5.4.6;References;40
5.5;Chapter 5. Urban landscape review: recreation;41
5.5.1;1 Introduction;41
5.5.2;2 Standards;41
5.5.3;3 Future provision;42
5.5.4;4 Summary;44
5.5.5;References;44
6;Section 2: Design procedure Urban landscape design guide;45
6.1;Brief and feasibility study;45
6.2;Design stage;48
6.3;Documentation and subsequent stages;53
6.4;Appendixes;54
7;Section 3: Surveys and contract management Information sheets;57
7.1;Chapter 1. Site investigation and appraisal;57
7.1.1;1 Preliminary research;57
7.1.2;2 Site investigations;58
7.1.3;3 Appraisal;59
7.1.4;References;61
7.2;Chapter 2. Check lists: user, legal and planning requirements;62
7.2.1;1 User requirements;62
7.2.2;Check list 1: user requirements;62
7.2.3;Check list 2: factors affecting activities;62
7.2.4;Check list 3: statutory, legal and planning requirements;63
7.3;Chapter 3. Specifications and estimates;65
7.3.1;1 Introduction;65
7.3.2;2 Preliminary estimating;65
7.3.3;3 Cost planning;66
7.3.4;References;66
7.4;Chapter 4. Proceduro and control;67
7.4.1;Check list 1: organisation management and;67
7.4.2;Check list 2: tender procedure;67
7.4.3;Check list 3: contract procedure;68
7.4.4;Check list 4: supervision job control and site;69
7.4.5;Check list 5: completion procedure;70
8;Section 4: Basic plant data Information sheets;71
8.1;Chapter 5. Physical conditions affecting plant selection;71
8.1.1;1 Climatic conditions;71
8.1.2;2 Soil type and natural drainage;71
8.1.3;3 Water requirements and root systems;71
8.1.4;4 Proximity of buildings, roads and services;71
8.2;Chapter 6. Trees;72
8.2.1;1 Introduction;72
8.2.2;2 Trees generally;72
8.2.3;3 Maintenance of trees;75
8.2.4;4 Preserving trees during building operations;76
8.2.5;5 Select lists;76
8.3;Chapter 7. Shrubs, ground cover and grass;79
8.3.1;1 Introduction;79
8.3.2;2 Shrubs generally;79
8.3.3;3 Maintenance of shrubs;82
8.3.4;4 Select list;82
8.3.5;8 Grass;85
8.3.6;9 Grass maintenance;86
8.3.7;10 Selection of grass;86
8.4;Chapter 8. Screens and hedges;87
8.4.1;1 Introduction;87
8.4.2;2 Generally;87
8.4.3;3 Maintenance of screens and hedges;89
8.4.4;4 Select list;89
8.5;Chapter 9. Water plants;90
8.5.1;1 Introduction;90
8.5.2;2 Ponds and water gardens;90
8.5.3;3 Maintenance;91
8.6;Chapter 10. Planting techniques;93
8.6.1;1 Identification of soils by their physical characteristics;93
8.6.2;2 Improvement of soils;94
8.6.3;3 Preparation of soils;94
8.6.4;4 Source of plant material;95
8.6.5;5 Planting and establishment;96
8.6.6;6 Planting nursery stock;96
8.6.7;7 Semi-mature trees;97
8.6.8;8 Grass;100
8.6.9;9 Waterlilies and aquatics;100
8.6.10;10 Compost for plant containers;101
8.6.11;11 Hydra seeding;101
8.6.12;12 References;101
9;Section 5: Parks and open spaces Information sheets;102
9.1;Chapter 11. Parks and open spaces : general;102
9.1.1;1 Historical background;102
9.1.2;2 Leisure in towns;102
9.1.3;3 Comparative analyses;104
9.1.4;4 Guide lines for the future;107
9.1.5;References;107
10;Section 6: Recreation: sport Information sheets;108
10.1;Chapter 12. Sports centres: priorities and planning strategies;108
10.1.1;1 Present situation;108
10.1.2;2 Dispersal or centralised centres?;108
10.1.3;3 Sports pavilions;109
10.1.4;4 Indoor only sports centres;109
10.1.5;5 Recreation parks;110
10.1.6;References;110
10.2;Chapter 13. Sports centres : planning and costs;111
10.2.1;1 Planning;111
10.2.2;2 Costs;112
10.2.3;References;112
10.3;Chapter 14. Sports pitches, tracks and training areas: space requirements;113
10.3.1;1 Athletic arena;113
10.4;Chapter 15. Sports pitches, tracks and training areas: materials and surfaces;116
10.4.1;1 Present situation;116
10.4.2;2 Hard porous surfaces;116
10.4.3;3 Non-resilient all-weather porous surfaces;116
10.4.4;4 Resilient impervious surfaces;116
10.4.5;5 Synthetic grass;117
10.4.6;6 Artificial ski slopes;117
10.5;Chapter 16. Sports areas: detailed requirements;118
10.5.1;1 Schedule of requirements;118
10.6;Chapter 17. Sports areas: maintenance;120
11;Section 7: Recreation: general Information sheets;122
11.1;Chapter 18. General leisure facilities;122
11.1.1;1 Trends in leisure;122
11.1.2;2 Financing and organisation of leisure;123
11.1.3;3 Supply of leisure facilities;123
11.1.4;4 Specialised recreation facilities;125
11.1.5;Appendix A: legislation;125
11.1.6;Appendix B: Organizations ;126
11.1.7;Appendix C: Outdoor sports and recreations;128
11.1.8;References;130
11.2;Chapter 19. Camps and holiday homes;131
11.2.1;1 Introduction;131
11.2.2;2 Caravan and camp sites;131
11.2.3;3 Services;132
11.2.4;4 Colour;133
11.2.5;5 Leisure homes;133
11.2.6;6 Legislation;134
11.2.7;References;134
11.3;Chapter 20. Water recreation;135
11.3.1;1 Introduction;135
11.3.2;2 Water resources;135
11.3.3;3 Recreations and their requirements;136
11.3.4;4 Case studies;140
11.3.5;5 Water areas;140
11.3.6;References;141
11.4;Chapter 21. Children's play;142
11.4.1;1 Introduction;142
11.4.2;2 Why children play;142
11.4.3;3 Requirements for 2 to 5 year olds;143
11.4.4;4 Requirements for 5 to 11 year olds—primary school groups;143
11.4.5;5 Teenage play areas;146
11.4.6;6 Detailed requirements for play spaces;146
11.4.7;7 Checklist of activities possible under play leadership;146
11.4.8;8 Play space standards;146
11.4.9;References;147
12;Section 8: Gardens Information sheets;149
12.1;Chapter 22. Gardens: user requirements and site analysis;149
12.1.1;1 User requirements: general;149
12.1.2;2 Requirements;149
12.1.3;3 Site analysis : general;149
12.2;Chapter 23. House/garden relationships;152
12.2.1;1 Introduction;152
12.2.2;2 Space analysis;152
12.2.3;3 Leisure gardens;153
12.2.4;References;153
12.3;Chapter 24. Gardens: detail design and maintenance;154
12.3.1;1 Design elements;154
12.3.2;2 Maintenance;155
13;Section 9: Housing estates Information sheets;156
13.1;Chapter 25. Housing: external space types;156
13.1.1;1 Scope;156
13.1.2;2 Application;157
13.1.3;3 Design determinants;157
13.1.4;4 Site;158
13.1.5;5 Environmental quality and cost effectiveness;160
13.1.6;6 Definitions;160
13.2;Chapter 26. Housing: vehicle access and servicing;176
13.2.1;1 Introduction;176
13.2.2;2 Vehicle access requirements;176
13.3;Chapter 27. Housing: children's play;182
13.3.1;1 Introduction;182
13.3.2;2 Children/house relationships;182
13.3.3;3 Children/vehicle relationships;182
13.3.4;4 The external play environment;183
13.3.5;5 Rehabilitation;183
13.4;Chapter 28. Housing: Industrialised building;184
13.4.1;1 General;184
13.4.2;2 Appraisal of four industrialised schemes;184
13.5;Chapter 29. Housing: detailed design;186
13.6;Chapter 30. Housing: resource planning and costs;196
13.6.1;1 Need for analysis and comparison;196
13.6.2;2 Examples;196
13.6.3;References;197
13.7;Chapter 31. Housing: Rehabilitation;198
13.7.1;1 General notes;198
13.7.2;References;198
14;Section 10: Elements of landscape construction Information sheets;203
14.1;Chapter 32. Ground modelling;203
14.1.1;1 Site information;203
14.1.2;2 Characteristics of bulk materials;204
14.1.3;3 Design limits;205
14.1.4;4 Three dimensional design;205
14.1.5;5 Drainage;206
14.1.6;6 Calculations;207
14.1.7;7 Grading;208
14.1.8;8 Ground modelling plant;209
14.1.9;References;210
14.2;Chapter 33. Surface treatments;211
14.2.1;1 Selection of surface;211
14.2.2;2 Range of choice;212
14.2.3;3 Construction details;212
14.3;Chapter 34. Pavings;214
14.3.1;1 Unit pavings;214
14.3.2;2 Flexible surfaces;215
14.3.3;3 Rigid pavements;216
14.3.4;4 Choice of paving and hard surface;216
14.3.5;5 Construction of paved and hard surface areas;217
14.3.6;6 Construction of rigid pavements;217
14.3.7;7 Surface water drainage;217
14.3.8;8 References;219
14.4;Chapter 35. Trim and change of level;220
14.4.1;1 Trim;220
14.4.2;2 Materials;220
14.4.3;3 Change of level;221
14.4.4;4 References;221
14.5;Chapter 36. Enclosures and barriers;223
14.5.1;1 Forms of enclosure;223
14.5.2;2 Functions;223
14.5.3;3 Choice of enclosure;223
14.5.4;4 Walls;225
14.5.5;5 Fences;227
14.5.6;6 Ground formation;230
14.5.7;7 Hedges;230
14.5.8;8 Trees;230
14.5.9;9 Bollards;230
14.5.10;10 Water;230
14.5.11;11 References;230
14.5.12;12 Sources of information;230
14.6;Chapter 37. Services;231
14.6.1;1 Recommendations;231
14.6.2;2 Services;231
14.6.3;3 Planning;233
14.6.4;4 Trench construction;233
14.6.5;5 References;233
14.7;Chapter 38. Car parking;234
14.7.1;1 Design requirements;234
14.7.2;2 Space requirements and layout;234
14.7.3;3 Lighting, signs, payment systems;235
14.7.4;4 Planting;235
14.7.5;5 Construction;236
14.7.6;References;237
14.8;Chapter 39. Street furniture;238
14.8.1;1 Design principles;238
14.8.2;2 Choice;239
14.8.3;3 Street furniture types;239
14.8.4;4 Manufacturers and proprietary products;242
14.8.5;5 Reference and sources of information;242
14.9;Chapter 40. Outdoor lighting;243
14.9.1;1 General;243
14.9.2;2 Public lighting;243
14.9.3;3 Visual design for night scene;243
14.9.4;4 Lighting of city centres;245
14.9.5;5 Lighting of traffic routes;245
14.9.6;6 Lighting residential streets;246
14.9.7;Means;246
14.9.8;7 Lighting of streets;246
14.9.9;8 Lighting particular features;247
14.9.10;9 Lighting for other features;249
14.9.11;10 Floodlighting;249
14.9.12;11 Lamps;251
14.9.13;12 Impossibilities and misconceptions;252
14.9.14;13 References;252
14.10;Chapter 41. Indoor plants and window boxes;253
14.10.1;1 Indoor planting generally;253
14.10.2;2 Planting requirements;254
14.10.3;3 Maintenance;254
14.10.4;4 Plant containers;255
14.10.5;5 Window boxes and balcony planting;256
14.11;Chapter 42. Roof gardens;260
14.11.1;1 Why roof gardens?;260
14.11.2;2 Contribution of roof gardens;260
14.11.3;3 User requirements;261
14.11.4;4 Structural implications;263
14.11.5;5 Environmental problems;263
14.11.6;6 Waterproofing problems;263
14.11.7;7 Types of surface;263
14.11.8;8 Soils;263
14.11.9;9 Maintenance;265
14.11.10;10 Suitable species;266
14.11.11;11 Costs;266
14.12;Chapter 43. Space requirements: people and cars;268
14.13;Chapter 44. Maintenance;272
14.13.1;1 General principles;272
14.13.2;2 Layout and maintenance;272
14.13.3;3 Plant growth and maintenance;273
14.13.4;4 Maintenance of hard areas;273
14.13.5;References;273
15;Index;274