Taplin Fracture and Society

Fourth International Conference on Fracture, June 1977, University of Waterloo, Canada
1. Auflage 2013
ISBN: 978-1-4831-5087-1
Verlag: Elsevier Science & Techn.
Format: PDF
Kopierschutz: 1 - PDF Watermark

E-Book, Englisch, 370 Seiten, Web PDF

Advances in Research on the Strength and Fracture of Materials: Volume 4-Fracture and Society contains the proceedings of the Fourth International Conference on Fracture, held at the University of Waterloo, Canada, in June 1977. The papers review the social implications of fracture in a wide range of materials, with emphasis on education and politics. This volume is comprised of 22 chapters and opens by discussing fracture and fracture mechanics before introducing the reader to fracture problems in nuclear reactors; plastic flow around a crack under friction and combined stress; crack closure in fatigue crack growth; and the effect of the atomic structure's discreteness on cleavage crack extension in brittle materials. The following chapters explore the physical nature of fracture in composite materials; political and social decision making in relation to fracture, failure, risk analysis, and safe design; and the teaching of fracture in universities. This monograph will be a useful resource for metallurgists, materials scientists, and structural and mechanical engineers.

Autoren/Hrsg.

Taplin, D. M. R.

Inhaltsverzeichnis

1;Front Cover;1
2;Fracture and Society ;4
3;Copyright Page;5
4;Table of Contents;8
5;Dedication;6
6;Foreword;10
7;Preface;12
8;Acknowledgements;15
9;COMMITTEES
;8
10;PLATES
;8
11;International Congress on Fracture;16
12;Fourth International Conference on Fracture;20
13;Standard Nomenclature List;34
14;Conversion Units;38
15;Section 1: Plenary;40
15.1;CHAPTER 1.
FRACTURE;40
15.1.1;INTRODUCTION;40
15.1.2;FRACTURE CRITERIA;41
15.1.3;FUNDAMENTAL INTEGRALS;42
15.1.4;THE CRITICAL DISPLACEMENT CRITERION;45
15.1.5;OTHER CRITERIA;46
15.1.6;OTHER PATH-INDEPENDENT INTEGRALS;46
15.1.7;MOVING CRACKS;49
15.1.8;DISCUSSION;50
15.1.9;ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS;52
15.1.10;REFERENCES;52
15.2;CHAPTER 2.
FRACTURE PROBLEMS IN NUCLEAR REACTOR TECHNOLOGY;58
15.2.1;1. INTRODUCTION;58
15.2.2;2. THERMAL REACTOR PRESSURE VESSELS;58
15.2.3;3. FAST BREEDER REACTORS;60
15.2.4;4. REFERENCES;61
15.3;CHAPTER 3.
PLASTIC FLOW AROUND A CRACK UNDER FRICTION AND COMBINED STRESS;62
15.3.1;INTRODUCTION;62
15.3.2;THE PROBLEM;62
15.3.3;NUMERICAL STUDIES;65
15.3.4;CRACK GROWTH CRITERION;70
15.3.5;CONCLUSIONS;72
15.3.6;ACKNOWLEDGEMENT;72
15.3.7;REFERENCES;72
15.4;CHAPTER 4. ON CRACK CLOSURE IN FATIGUE CRACK GROWTH1;78
15.4.1;INTRODUCTION;78
15.4.2;CLOSURE EXPERIMENTS [8];79
15.4.3;CLOSURE AND OVERLOADS;80
15.4.4;ACKNOWLEDGEMENT;81
15.4.5;REFERENCES;81
15.5;CHAPTER 5.
SURVEY OF RECENT WORK ON THE EFFECT OF THE ATOMIC STRUCTURE'S DISCRETENESS ON CLEAVAGE CRACK EXTENSION IN BRITTLE MATERIALS;82
15.5.1;I. INTRODUCTION;82
15.5.2;II. SURVEY OF RECENT THEORETICAL WORK;83
15.5.3;III. DISCUSSION;89
15.5.4;ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS;92
15.5.5;REFERENCES;92
15.6;CHAPTER 6.
GRAIN SIZE: THE FABRIC OF (BRITTLE) FRACTURE OF POLYCRYSTALS;100
15.6.1;MICROSTRUCTURE AND FRACTURE;100
15.6.2;THE BRITTLENESS OF CRACK-FREE POLYCRYSTALS;102
15.6.3;THE BRITTLE FRACTURE OF PRE-CRACKED MATERIALS;105
15.6.4;ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS;108
15.6.5;REFERENCES;108
16;Section 2: Workshop;114
16.1;CHAPTER 7.
STRESS CORROSION CRACK GROWTH FOR SHORT CRACKS WITH FARTICULAR REFERENCE TO THE ZIRCALOY-2/IODINE SYSTEM;114
16.1.1;INTRODUCTION;114
16.1.2;CRACK TIP OPENING FOR SHORT CRACKS;114
16.1.3;THE GROWTH OF SHORT STRESS CORROSION CRACKS;116
16.1.4;APPLICATION TO ZIRCALOY-2 CRACKING IN IODINE VAPOUR;117
16.1.5;SUMMARY;118
16.1.6;ACKNOWLEDGEMENT;118
16.1.7;REFERENCES;118
16.2;CHAPTER 8.
CREEP-FATIGUE INTERACTION FAILURE IN TYPE 316 STAINLESS STEEL;120
16.2.1;INTRODUCTION;120
16.2.2;FATIGUE CRACK GROWTH AT ELEVATED TEMPERATURE FOR CONSTANT STRAIN RATE CYCLES;120
16.2.3;CYCLES INVOLVING VARIABLE STRAIN RATES;122
16.2.4;SUMMARY;123
16.2.5;ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS;123
16.2.6;REFERENCES;123
16.3;CHAPTER 9.
MACROSCOPIC CREEP CRACK GROWTH;126
16.3.1;1. INTRODUCTION;126
16.3.2;3. FRACTURE MECHANICS TYPE THEORY OF CREEP CRACK GROWTH;127
16.3.3;4. CONCLUSIONS;129
16.3.4;ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS;130
16.3.5;REFERENCES;130
16.4;CHAPTER 10.
VARIATIONAL BOUNDS AND QUALITATIVE METHODS IN FRACTURE MECHANICS;132
16.4.1;INTRODUCTION;132
16.4.2;1. BOUNDS OF STRESS INTENSITY FACTORS FOR A PLANE OPENING-MODE CRACK IN AN ELASTIC SPACE;132
16.4.3;2. OPENING-MODE CRACK IN A THICK LAYER;134
16.4.4;3. EXTREMAL CRACK CONTOURS;135
16.4.5;4. ENERGETIC BOUNDS OF AN INHOMOGENEOUS BODY;138
16.4.6;5. APPLICATION OF ENERGY BOUNDS TO PROBLEMS IN FRACTURE MECHANICS;142
16.4.7;APPENDIX A;151
16.4.8;APPENDIX .;154
16.4.9;REFERENCES;160
16.5;CHAPTER 11.
CALCULATION OF STRESS INTENSITY FACTORS FOR COMBINED MODE BEND SPECIMENS;162
16.5.1;INTRODUCTION;162
16.5.2;2. BOUNDARY COLLOCATION METHOD;163
16.5.3;3. FINITE ELEMENT METHOD;163
16.5.4;4. APPROXIMATE RELATION BETWEEN KI AND KII
;165
16.5.5;5. CONCLUDING REMARKS;166
16.5.6;REFERENCES;167
16.6;CHAPTER 12.
FRACTURE CRITERIA FOR COMBINED MODE CRACKS;174
16.6.1;1. INTRODUCTION;174
16.6.2;2. FUNDAMENTAL EQUATION AND ITS TRANSFORMATION;174
16.6.3;3. ENERGY RELEASE RATE AND ENERGY OF FRACTURE CRITERION;177
16.6.4;4 . ENERGY OF FRACTURE CRITERION INCORPORATING KIII;178
16.6.5;5. STRESS PARAMETER CRITERION FOR COMBINED MODE FRACTURE;180
16.6.6;APPENDIX 1;181
16.6.7;APPENDIX 2;184
16.6.8;REFERENCES;188
16.7;CHAPTER 13.
A STUDY OF THE PHYSICAL NATURE OF FRACTURE IN COMPOSITE MATERIALS;194
16.7.1;INTRODUCTION;194
16.7.2;REFERENCES;199
16.8;CHAPTER 14.
OVERVIEW OF WORKSHOPS;202
16.8.1;I PHYSICAL METALLURGY;203
16.8.2;Introduction
;203
16.8.3;II VOIDS, CAVITIES, FORMING;206
16.8.4;III and IV FATIGUE : MICROMECHANISMS AND MECHANICS;207
16.8.5;V ANALYSIS AND MECHANICS;208
16.8.6;VI APPLICATIONS;210
16.8.7;VII NON METALS;211
16.9;CHAPTER 15. RESULTS OF AN OPINION POLL OF DELEGATES TO ICF4;214
17;Section 3: Social Implications;216
17.1;CHAPTER 16.
FRACTURE AND SOCIETY;216
17.1.1;THE INTERVIEW;218
17.2;CHAPTER 17.
POLITICAL AND SOCIAL DECISION MAKING IN RELATION TO FRACTURE, FAILURE, RISK ANALYSIS AND SAFE DESIGN;240
17.3;CHAPTER 18.
THE TEACHING OF FRACTURE IN UNIVERSITIES;246
17.3.1;ABSTRACT;246
17.3.2;1. INTRODUCTION;246
17.3.3;2. THE PLACE OF FRACTURE IN THE UNIVERSITY CURRICULUM;247
17.3.4;3. TEACHING FRACTURE AS A FORENSIC SKILL;252
17.3.5;4. ENGINEERING EDUCATION AT THE UNIVERSITY OF WATERLOO;254
17.3.6;5. PEDAGOGICAL IMPLICATIONS;255
17.3.7;REFERENCES;258
17.3.8;APPENDIX - Questionnaire Sent to all ICF4 Delegates;259
17.4;CHAPTER 19.
FRACTURE AND SOCIETY;260
17.4.1;REFERENCES;263
17.5;CHAPTER 20.
PANELS - FRACTURE AND SOCIETY;264
17.5.1;1. FRACTURE, EDUCATION AND SOCIETY;264
17.5.2;2. FRACTURE, POLITICS AND SOCIETY;264
17.6;CHAPTER 21.
FRACTURE AND SOCIETY - PART 1;266
17.6.1;FRACTURE, EDUCATION AND SOCIETY;266
17.7;CHAPTER 22.
FRACTURE AND SOCIETY - PART 2;292
17.7.1;FRACTURE, POLITICS AND SOCIETY;292
18;CITATION INDEX;316
19;Author Index;374
20;Untitled;353