Thoma / Mocellin Simulation with Entropy in Engineering Thermodynamics

Understanding Matter and Systems with Bondgraphs
1. Auflage 2007
ISBN: 978-3-540-32851-3
Verlag: Springer-Verlag
Format: PDF
Kopierschutz: Adobe DRM (»Systemvoraussetzungen)

E-Book, Englisch, 136 Seiten

It is with great pleasure that we present this book to the public. In principle it is about thermodynamics, especially the simulation of thermo?uid systems. In popular opinion, thermodynamics is considered to be highly abstract and di?cult to comprehend with its many symbols. We endeavor to show the reader how simple and beautiful thermodynamics really is. To achieve this simplicity we apply two innovations: Forus,entropyisasubstance-likeconcept,akindofthermalcharge,analogous to the well-known electric charge, and not the abstract and incomprehensible Clausius integral. This is by no means a new idea: apart from Sadi Carnot himself, people such as Callendar (1911), Job (1971), Falk (1976) and Fuchs (1996) all adopt the same point of view. We stress where thermal charge is analogous with electric charge and also point out the di?erences between them. To represent thermal systems we use Bondgraphs (BG), which are admirably suited to this purpose. They allow us to avoid many complex equations with numerous subscripts and superscripts. Of course, literature on BG abounds, including three books by present co-author Prof. Thoma and several other books published by Springer. We use BG more as a means to clarify the nature of physical variables and theiranalogiesinother?eldsratherthanfromtheviewpointofelectronicdata processing. For example, the di?erence between c (speci?c heat at constant v volume)andc (speci?cheatatconstantpressure)iscommontoallmultipo- p Cs; and BG make this very clear.

Autoren/Hrsg.

Thoma, Jean

Mocellin, Gianni

Inhaltsverzeichnis

1;Preface;6
2;Contents;9
3;1 Thermodynamics as a Universal Science;12
3.1;1.1 Transmission of thermal power;12
3.2;1.2 Examples of oneport-C’s and multiport-C’s;15
3.3;1.3 Thermal multiport-C and the laws of thermodynamics;19
3.4;1.4 Thermodynamics in pictures;24
3.5;1.5 Case of an ideal gas;26
3.6;1.6 Equilibrium in thermodynamics and electricity;27
3.7;1.7 Thermal radiation;29
4;2 Frictions and Irreversibilities;34
4.1;2.1 Frictions of all kinds;34
4.2;2.2 Heat conduction over a finite temperature drop, and combined conduction;35
4.3;2.3 Carnot cycle between two sources with friction;39
4.4;2.4 Heat flux and entropy flow;42
5;3 Mass Flows;44
5.1;3.1 Flow processes;44
5.2;3.2 Enthalpy and entropy in fluids pipes;50
5.3;3.3 Heat exchangers;52
5.4;3.4 Thermal turbo machines;53
5.5;3.5 Gas flow between two vessels with scavenging;55
5.6;3.6 Two-phase flow in boilers and condensers;58
5.7;3.7 Units and overvalues in thermodynamics;61
5.8;3.8 Exergy, an accountant’s reserve;62
5.9;3.9 High velocity turbomachines;63
6;4 Chemical Reactions and Osmosis;68
6.1;4.1 Chemical equilibria and entropy stripping;68
6.2;4.2 Chemical reactions;77
6.3;4.3 Near to and far from equilibrium;80
6.4;4.4 Parallel and competing reactions;81
6.5;4.5 Osmosis as a bridge between physical, chemical and biological effects;81
6.6;4.6 Reversible mixing and Gibb’s paradox;85
6.7;4.7 Tellegen’s theorem and chemical inductance;88
7;5 Entropy and Information Theory;90
7.1;5.1 Orders of magnitude and microscopic entropy;90
7.2;5.2 Entropy of a message after Shannon;91
7.3;5.3 Micro-information and negentropy;93
7.4;5.4 Information theory, noise and organization;94
7.5;5.5 Applications;95
8;Bibliography;106
9;Appendix 1 Understanding with Bond Graphs;112
9.1;A1.1 Elements;112
9.2;A1.2 Energy and power conservation;118
9.3;A1.3 Power signs;119
9.4;A1.4 Negative resistances and negative C-elements;121
9.5;A1.5 Compact units in pneumatics and hot gas;121
9.6;A1.6 Multiport-C signs in thermodynamics and Maxwell relations;123
10;Appendix 2 Control Systems with Bond Graphs;126
11;Appendix 3 Historical Notes;131
12;Epilogue;132
13;Concepts;134
14;Symbols;140
15;Index;146