Tveito / Lysne Simula Research Laboratory

by Thinking Constantly about it
1. Auflage 2009
ISBN: 978-3-642-01156-6
Verlag: Springer
Format: PDF
Kopierschutz: Adobe DRM (»Systemvoraussetzungen)

E-Book, Englisch, 656 Seiten

When researchers gather around lunch tables, at conferences, or in bars, there are some topics that are more or less compulsory. The discussions are about the ho- less management of the university or the lab where they are working, the lack of funding for important research, politicians’ inability to grasp the potential of a p- ticularly promising ?eld, and the endless series of committees that seem to produce very little progress. It is common to meet excellent researchers claiming that they have almost no time to do research because writing applications, lecturing, and - tending to committee work seem to take most of their time. Very few ever come into a position to do something about it. With Simula we have this chance. We were handed a considerable annual grant and more or less left to ourselves to do whatever we thought would produce the best possible results. We wanted to create a place where researchers could have the time and conditions necessary to re?ect over dif?cult problems, uninterrupted by mundane dif?culties; where doctoral students could be properly supervised and learn the craft of research in a well-organized and professional manner; and where entrepreneurs could ?nd professional support in developing their research-based - plications and innovations.

Autoren/Hrsg.

Tveito, Aslak

Lysne, Olav

Inhaltsverzeichnis

1;Preface;5
2;Contents;7
3;Part I The Scene;11
3.1;What Would you do if you Suddenly got an Annual Grant of About Ten Million Dollars?;12
3.2;By Thinking Constantly About It;16
3.3;The Simula Culture --- How we do Research, Education and Innovation;25
3.4;Impressed with Targeted Research Strategy;37
3.5;The Hamming Experience;41
3.6;Richard Hamming --- You and Your Research;44
3.7;Simula Research Laboratory --- A Different Research Institution;68
3.8;IT Fornebu and the Political Battle that led to the Creation of Simula;84
3.9;The Right Step at the Right Time;96
3.10;A Brief History of Norwegian Science and Research Policy;100
3.11;Simula --- The Language;120
4;Part II Basic Research;125
4.1;Introduction to Basic Research;127
4.2;Networks and Distributed Systems --- Why, What, How and What's Next;129
4.3;Scalable Interconnection Networks;135
4.3.1;Introduction;137
4.3.2;Topology-Agnostic Routing;142
4.3.3;Fault Tolerance;148
4.3.4;Dynamic Reconfiguration;155
4.3.5;Technology Transfer and Collaboration;159
4.3.6;Future Outlook;161
4.3.7;Final Remarks and Conclusions;163
4.3.8;References;164
4.4;Providing Resilience in Communications Networks;169
4.4.1;Introduction;171
4.4.2;Fast Recovery from Component Failures;175
4.4.3;Routing Homeostasis;177
4.4.4;Scalability of BGP Interdomain Routing;181
4.4.5;Packet Forwarding in Wireless Sensor Networks;184
4.4.6;QoS in OFDM Wireless Networks;187
4.4.7;Future Perspectives;189
4.4.8;References;191
4.5;From Gilgamesh to Star Wars;194
4.6;RELAY --- On the Performance and Resource Utilisation of Time-Dependent Large-Scale Distributed Systems;204
4.6.1;Introduction;206
4.6.2;Simula as a Research Accelerator: RELAY's History;207
4.6.3;Scenario: Interactive, Time-Dependent Applications;210
4.6.4;Conclusion and Future Perspectives;235
4.6.5;References;238
4.7;Scientific Computing --- Why, What, How and What's Next;241
4.7.1;References;251
4.8;Catching the Beat;253
4.9;Computer Simulations of the Heart;263
4.9.1;Mathematical Model;265
4.9.2;Numerical Methods;268
4.9.3;Simulations;273
4.9.4;Conclusion and Perspectives;278
4.9.5;References;279
4.10;A Message from the Heart;281
4.11;Can ECG Recordings and Mathematics tell the Condition of Your Heart?;291
4.11.1;Introduction;293
4.11.2;Mathematical Model;297
4.11.3;Level Set Approach;300
4.11.4;Recovering ST Shifts;302
4.11.5;Validation;307
4.11.6;Numerical Treatment of Optimality Systems;311
4.11.7;Future Perspectives;317
4.11.8;References;318
4.12;Past and Future Perspectives on Scientific Software;324
4.12.1;Introduction;326
4.12.2;A Short History of Programming Languages;327
4.12.2.1;Fortran;327
4.12.2.2;C;329
4.12.2.3;C++;330
4.12.2.4;MATLAB;333
4.12.2.5;Python;333
4.12.3;A Short History of Scientific Programming Styles;334
4.12.3.1;Problems With Static Typing;334
4.12.3.2;Object-Oriented Programming;335
4.12.3.3;Templates and Generic Programming;336
4.12.3.4;Python Programming Glues Together Old and New Techniques;337
4.12.3.5;General Mathematics and Special Physics;337
4.12.3.6;Heterogeneous Software Environments;338
4.12.3.7;Diffpack;339
4.12.4;Current and Future Trends;342
4.12.5;Parallel Computing;342
4.12.5.1;Hardware Considerations;343
4.12.5.2;Software Development;343
4.12.5.3;Performance Issues;346
4.12.6;Automation and Code Generation;347
4.12.6.1;Automation;347
4.12.6.2;Efficiency vs. Generality;348
4.12.6.3;Code Generation;349
4.12.7;FEniCS and the Automation of CMM;351
4.12.7.1;History;351
4.12.7.2;The Role of Simula;352
4.12.7.3;Design;352
4.12.7.4;Software Map;354
4.12.8;Examples;355
4.12.8.1;Solving Poisson's Equation;356
4.12.8.2;Solving the Navier-Stokes Equations;358
4.12.9;Conclusions;359
4.12.10;References;361
4.13;Software Engineering --- Why, What, How and What's Next;366
4.13.1;References;371
4.14;A Matter of Judgement;372
4.15;Software Development Effort Estimation --- Demystifying and Improving Expert Estimation;383
4.15.1;Motivation;385
4.15.2;Research Results;389
4.15.3;Transfer to and Impact on the Software Industry;399
4.15.4;Conclusions and Future Work;400
4.15.5;References;401
4.16;Faulty Until Proved Correct;406
4.17;Software Verification --- A Scalable, Model-Driven, Empirically Grounded Approach;416
4.17.1;Introduction;418
4.17.2;Background;418
4.17.3;Requirements for Model-based Verification;425
4.17.4;Moving Forward;426
4.17.5;Software Verification Research at Simula;434
4.17.6;Conclusions;439
4.17.7;References;439
4.18;The industry is our lab --- Organisation and Conduct of Empirical Studies in Software Engineering at Simula;444
4.18.1;Introduction;446
4.18.2;Forms of Collaboration With Industry;447
4.18.3;Incentives;448
4.18.4;Experiment Infrastructures;450
4.18.5;Increased Realism in Experiments;452
4.18.6;Increased Control in Case Studies;456
4.18.7;Conclusions;457
4.18.8;References;457
4.19;A Series of Controlled Experiments on Software Maintenance;460
4.19.1;Introduction;462
4.19.2;The Experiments;463
4.19.3;Experiments on UML;470
4.19.4;Experiment on Design Patterns;471
4.19.5;Experiment on Pair Programming;472
4.19.6;Contributions;473
4.19.7;Research Methodological Contributions;476
4.19.8;Conclusions;477
4.19.9;References;477
5;Part III Research Education;481
5.1;Educating Researchers --- a Virtue of Necessity;483
5.1.1;References;492
5.2;Thinking Outside the Box;494
5.3;A Little Competition and a Lot of Cooperation;498
5.4;Are you Planning to Take a PhD?;501
5.5;An Extraordinary Investment;516
5.6;Simula can do Much Better!;520
5.7;Achieving Relevance;524
6;Part IV Research Applications;528
6.1;Bridging the Gap Between Industry and Research;530
6.2;Making the Invisible Visible;538
6.3;Turning Rocks into Knowledge;550
6.3.1;An Industry in Change;551
6.3.2;Plate Tectonics and Lithospheric Processes;553
6.3.3;Depositional Modelling;556
6.3.4;Calibration and Reliability of Geological Models;560
6.3.5;Deformation and Heat Flow in Sedimentary Basins;570
6.3.6;Event-driven Construction of Geological Models;574
6.3.7;Visual Interaction with Multiscale Data Sets;582
6.3.8;Former Research Activities;589
6.3.9;Key Factors for Successful Collaboration;590
6.3.10;References;593
6.4;A Tale of Three Start-ups;598
6.5;Spinning Off from Simula;610
6.6;We're Not a Telco, We're a Webco;624
7;Simula Facts;633
8;External Contributors;636
9;Colour Figures;638