Weinstein / Warrell / Keyler "Venomous Bites from Non-Venomous Snakes

A Critical Analysis of Risk and Management of "Colubrid Snake Bites
1. Auflage 2011
ISBN: 978-0-12-387755-0
Verlag: Elsevier Science & Techn.
Format: EPUB
Kopierschutz: 6 - ePub Watermark

E-Book, Englisch, 364 Seiten

This book is the first significant contribution to thoroughly examine the potential hazards associated with snakes of the former family, Colubridae. This family contained >65% of living snake species (approximately 3,000 taxa) and has recently been split into multiple families. Many of these snakes produce oral secretions that contain toxins and other biologically-active substances. A large variety of these snakes figure in the pet industry, yet little documented information or formal study of their potential medical importance has been published. Therefore, although the possible medical importance of many of these species has been subjected to speculation since the mid-nineteenth century, there is a limited amount of useful descriptive information regarding the real hazard (or lack thereof) of snakes belonging to this diverse, artificial family. There is a need for 'one-stop shopping' offering information regarding their possible toxicity and clinical relevance as well as recommendations for medical management of their bites. This book is the first synthesis of this information and includes evidence-based risk assessment, hazard rankings and specific recommendations regarding important species, many common in captivity. - Fills a gap in the toxinological, medical and herpetological literature by providing a comprehensive review of this entire assemblage of snakes, with particular attention given to their capacity, real or rumored, to cause harm to humans - A patient-centered, evidence-based approach is applied to analyzing documented case reports of bites inflicted by approximately 100 species - Clinical management of medically significant bites from non-front-fanged colubroids is methodically reviewed, and specific recommendations are provided

Dr. Scott A. Weinstein is a clinical toxinologist, venom researcher, and family physician. His academic training includes general and field herpetology, medical microbiology/immunology, biomedical sciences and comparative religion. His experience includes: treating snakebites and marine envenoming, as well as poisonous ingestions; characterization of aberrant toxins present in snake venoms; isolation of antimicrobial components of venoms; pharmacological studies of venom toxins in the rat blood-brain-barrier model and iontophoretic investigations, and antigenic relationships among venoms and secretions/blood of non-front-fanged snakes. He is a faculty member of the recurring Marine Animals and Snakebite Management symposia (Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, Bangkok, Thailand and Yogyakarta, Indonesia) and is also a practicing family physician. He has contributed more than 100 peer-reviewed journal papers, and 4 books in toxinology, herpetology and clinical medicine. He is currently clinical toxinologist at the Women's and Children's Hospital, Adelaide, Assoc. Professor with the University of Adelaide School of Medicine, and Fellow of the American Academy of Family Physicians.

Autoren/Hrsg.

Weinstein, Scott A

Warrell, David A.

Keyler, Daniel E

Inhaltsverzeichnis

1;Front Cover;1
2;“Venomous” Bites from Non-Venomous Snakes;4
3;Copyright Page;5
4;Contents;6
5;Dedication;10
6;Preface;14
7;Acknowledgments;18
8;About the Authors;20
9;Introduction;26
10;Chapter 1. An Overview of the Artificial Assemblage, the Colubridae: A Brief Summary of Taxonomic Considerations;30
11;Chapter 2. Differences Between Buccal Gland Secretion and Associated Delivery Systems of “True” Venomous Snakes and “Colubrid” Snakes: Low- Versus High-Pressure…;36
11.1;2.1 Basic Considerations Regarding Gland Structure and Function;36
11.2;2.2 Overview of Hypotheses for the Evolution of Venom-Delivery Systems;45
11.3;2.3 Theories Considering the Evolution of Canaliculated Fangs and Enlarged Grooved Teeth;47
11.4;2.4 Duvernoy’s Glands and Venom Glands: A Question of Semantics?;54
12;Chapter 3. A Summary of the Toxinology of Duvernoy’s Secretions: A Brief Overview of the History of Colubrid Oral Secretion Research;56
13;Chapter 4. Medically Significant Bites by “Colubrid” Snakes;62
13.1;4.1 Typical Features of Documented Cases and Evidence-Based Risk;62
13.2;4.2 Some Representative Genera: Typical Features of Bites and an Overview of Their Natural History and Toxinology;165
13.3;4.3 Life-Threatening and Fatal Cases: “Venomous Colubrids” and Assessment of Evidence-Based Risk;207
13.4;4.4 Aberrant Cases and Representative Cases Without Clear Etiology: A Critical Assessment of Risk;228
13.5;4.5 Pitfalls Noted in Documented Cases: Differentiating Perceived Versus Evidence-Based Risk;257
13.6;4.6 Recommendations for Management of Medically Significant “Colubrid” Bites;270
14;Chapter 5. Summary and Conclusions;300
15;Appendix A: Representative Unverified Cases of Medically Significant “Colubrid” Bites Posted on the Internet;306
15.1;Case 1. Western Hognose Snake, Heterodon nasicus;306
15.2;Case 2. Jackson’s Black Tree Snake, Thrasops jacksoni;307
15.3;Case 3. Mangrove Snake, Boiga dendrophila;309
16;Appendix B: Representative Lethal Potency Ranges and Yields of Duvernoy’s Secretions and Venoms from Selected Non-Front-Fanged Colubroid Snakes;312
17;Appendix C: Strategies of Management of Gram-Negative Septicemia: Are There Lessons to Be Learned for Managing Venom-Induced Coagulopathies?;316
18;Appendix D: Legal Considerations Regarding Private Ownership of Venomous Snakes (Including Hazard Level 1 “Colubrids”): An Opinionated Essay;318
19;Appendix E: List of Osteological Specimens Examined at AMNH;322
20;Additional Recommended Reading;324
20.1;Aiding the Envenomated Patient and Further Information: Societies, Journals, Toxinology Courses, and Associated Contacts;324
21;A Call for Cases;330
22;Bibliography;332