Wieder / Yahyapour / Ziegler Grids and Service-Oriented Architectures for Service Level Agreements

1. Auflage 2010
ISBN: 978-1-4419-7320-7
Verlag: Springer-Verlag
Format: PDF
Kopierschutz: Adobe DRM (»Systemvoraussetzungen)

E-Book, Englisch, 176 Seiten

As Grids and service-oriented architectures have evolved to a common infrastructure for providing and consuming services in research and commercial environments, mechanisms are needed to agree on the objectives and the quality of such service provision. There is a clear trend to use electronic contracts between service consumers and one or more service providers, in order to achieve the necessary reliability and commitment from all parties. Service Level Agreements (SLAs) are the means to model and manage such contracts in a unified way. Grids and Service-Oriented Architectures for Service Level Agreements, the thirteenth volume of the CoreGRID series, contains current research and up-to date solutions from research and business communities presented at the IEEE Grid 2009 Workshop on Service Level Agreements in Grids, and the Service Level Agreements in Grids Dagstuhl Seminar 2009. The contributions in this volume cover Grid environments, but also generic models for SLA management that are applicable to service-oriented systems in general, like market-economic strategies, negotiation models, or monitoring infrastructures. Grids and Service-Oriented Architectures for Service Level Agreements is designed for a professional audience composed of researchers and practitioners within the Grid community industry, and is also suitable for advanced-level students in computer science.

Autoren/Hrsg.

Wieder, Philipp

Yahyapour, Ramin

Ziegler, Wolfgang

Inhaltsverzeichnis

1;Contents;5
2;Foreword;7
3;Preface;8
4;Contributing Authors;11
5;MONITORING SERVICE LEVEL AGREEMENTS IN GRIDS WITH SUPPORT OF A GRID BENCHMARKING SERVICE;15
5.1;1. Introduction;16
5.2;2. Related Works;17
5.3;3. Architecture;18
5.4;4. Benchmark Suite;19
5.5;5. Monitoring SLAs;21
5.6;6. Conclusion;23
5.7;References;25
6;REACTIVE MONITORING OF SERVICE LEVEL AGREEMENTS;26
6.1;1. Introduction;27
6.2;2. Preliminaries;28
6.2.1;2.1 Contract Signing Protocols;28
6.2.2;2.2 Aggregate Signatures;29
6.3;3. Service Evidential Protocol;29
6.4;4. Passive Monitoring Scheme;31
6.5;5. Reactive Monitoring Scheme;32
6.6;6. Conclusions;34
6.7;Acknowledgments;35
6.8;References;35
7;LESSONS LEARNED FROM IMPLEMENTING WS-AGREEMENT;36
7.1;1. Introduction;37
7.2;2. Related work;37
7.3;3. Protocol;38
7.4;4. Structure of Agreements;39
7.4.1;4.1 Context;39
7.4.2;4.2 Terms and States;39
7.5;5. Templates;42
7.6;6. Conclusion;44
7.7;Example SLA;44
7.8;Acknowledgments;47
7.9;References;47
8;SLA-AWARE RESOURCE MANAGEMENT;48
8.1;1. Introduction;49
8.1.1;1.1 Paper Organization;50
8.2;2. Architecture Overview;50
8.3;3. SLA Negotiation;51
8.4;4. Resource provisioning and re-provisioning;52
8.4.1;4.1 Live Migration;54
8.5;5. Monitoring;54
8.5.1;5.1 Monitoring Virtual Machines;55
8.6;6. Related Work;55
8.7;7. Conclusion and Future Work;56
8.8;Acknowledgments;56
8.9;References;56
9;DISTRIBUTED TRUST MANAGEMENT FOR VALIDATING SLA CHOREOGRAPHIES;58
9.1;1. Introduction;59
9.2;2. A Framework for Validation of Hierarchical SLA Aggregations;59
9.3;3. A PKI and Reputation-based Distributed Trust Model;62
9.3.1;3.1 Single Sign-On and Delegation;63
9.3.2;3.2 Reputation Transfer using Trust Reputation Center;63
9.4;4. Proposed Model via Use Case Scenario;65
9.5;5. Conclusion and Future Work;67
9.6;References;68
10;EVALUATION OF SERVICE LEVEL AGREEMENT APPROACHES FOR PORTFOLIO MANAGEMENT IN THE FINANCIAL INDUSTRY;69
10.1;1. Introduction and Motivation;70
10.2;2. Portfolio Management as Use Case taken from the Financial Industry;70
10.3;3. Requirements on Service Level Agreement Approaches;71
10.4;4. Analysis of Five Service Level Agreement Approaches;72
10.4.1;4.1 Actual State of the Art;72
10.4.2;4.2 Evaluation and Interpretation;73
10.5;5. An Insight into the developed Management System;74
10.6;6. Conclusion and Future Work;77
10.7;Acknowledgments;77
10.8;References;77
11;EXPRESSING INTERVALS IN AUTOMATED SERVICE NEGOTIATION;79
11.1;1. Introduction;80
11.2;2. Interval Semantics;81
11.3;3. Expressing intervals;83
11.4;4. Expressing intervals in WS Agreement;85
11.5;5. Conclusion;86
11.6;Acknowledgments;87
11.7;References;87
12;GREENIT SERVICE LEVEL AGREEMENTS;88
12.1;1. Introduction;89
12.1.1;1.1 Impact Factors;89
12.1.2;1.2 Service Level Agreements;92
12.2;2. GreenIT Metrics;93
12.3;3. GreenIT SLA Specifications;94
12.4;4. GreenIT Services;95
12.4.1;4.1 Thermal aware task scheduling service;95
12.4.2;4.2 Dynamic voltage frequency scheduling service;96
12.4.3;4.3 Integration services;96
12.4.4;4.4 Portal;96
12.5;5. Conlusion;97
12.6;Acknowledgments;97
12.7;References;98
13;EXTENDING WS-AGREEMENT WITH MULTI-ROUND NEGOTIATION CAPABILITY;100
13.1;1. Introduction;101
13.2;2. WS-Agreement Version 1.0;102
13.3;3. Use-Cases for negotiation;103
13.3.1;3.1 Co-allocation and Resource Reservation;103
13.3.2;3.2 Agreement on multiple QoS Parameters;104
13.3.3;3.3 Grid Scheduler interoperation;104
13.4;4. Protocol and messages for WS-Agreement-Negotiation;105
13.4.1;4.1 Initialisation of the negotiation process;105
13.4.2;4.2 Negotiation of the template;106
13.4.3;4.3 Post-processing of the templates;107
13.4.4;4.4 Negotiation Messages;107
13.5;5. Implementation of WS-Agreement-Negotiation in SmartLM;108
13.5.1;5.1 WS-Agreement Framework for Java (WSAG4J);108
13.5.2;5.2 SLA and Negotiation Service;109
13.5.3;5.3 Creation of license agreement templates;110
13.5.4;5.4 Negotiation;110
13.5.5;5.5 Agreement creation;111
13.5.6;5.6 Agreement termination;112
13.6;6. Conclusions;112
13.7;Acknowledgments;113
13.8;References;113
14;ENABLING OPEN CLOUD MARKETS THROUGH WS-AGREEMENT EXTENSIONS;115
14.1;1. Introduction;116
14.2;2. State of the Art ;116
14.2.1;2.1 WS-Agreement;116
14.2.2;2.2 Existing Commercial Cloud Offers;117
14.2.3;2.3 Open Cloud Market Enablers;118
14.2.4;2.4 Computing Resource Markets Research;118
14.3;3. Extending WS-Agreement;119
14.3.1; 3.1 Diversity of Goods;119
14.3.2;3.2 Composition of the Service Level Contract;120
14.4;4. CRDL in Different Market Mechanisms;124
14.4.1;4.1 Posted Price;124
14.4.2;4.2 Negotiation Environment;124
14.4.3;4.3 Single Auction;124
14.4.4;4.4 Discussion of the Computing Resource Definition Language;125
14.5;5. Conclusion and Future Work;125
14.6;References;126
15;SERVICE MEDIATION AND NEGOTIATION BOOTSTRAPPING AS FIRST ACHIEVEMENTS TOWARDS SELF-ADAPTABLE CLOUD SERVICES;128
15.1;1. Introduction;129
15.2;2. Related Work;130
15.3;3. Adaptable, Versatile, and Dynamic services;131
15.3.1;3.1 Overview;131
15.3.2;3.2 Negotiation Bootstrapping and Service Mediation;133
15.4;4. Meta-Negotiations;133
15.4.1;4.1 Meta-Negotiation Scenario;134
15.4.2;4.2 Meta-Negotiation Document (MND);134
15.5;5. SLA mappings;135
15.5.1;5.1 Management of SLA mappings;135
15.5.2;5.2 Scenario for SLA mappings;136
15.5.3;5.3 SLA mappings Document (SMD);137
15.6;6. VieSLAF framework;137
15.7;7. Conclusion and Future Work;139
15.8;Acknowledgments;139
15.9;References;139
16;SLA NEGOTIATION FOR VO FORMATION;142
16.1;1. Introduction;143
16.2;2. VO Characteristics;144
16.3;3. Sealed Bid Auction for VO Formation;145
16.3.1;3.1 Sealed Bid Auction Service;145
16.3.2;3.2 Service Level Agreement (SLA);146
16.4;4. Decision Making Strategies;148
16.4.1;4.1 A Provider’s SLA Evaluation and Generation;148
16.4.2;4.2 A VO Manager’s Evaluation of a Bid;149
16.5;5. Evaluation of the Auction for VO Formation;150
16.6;6. Conclusions;152
16.7;References;152
17;FROM SERVICE MARKETS TO SERVICE ECONOMIES – AN INFRASTRUCTURE FOR PROTOCOL-GENERIC SLA NEGOTIATIONS;154
17.1;1. Introduction;155
17.2;2. Vision for Next Generation Distributed Computing: Service Economies;156
17.3;3. Research Goal and Requirements;158
17.4;4. Related Work;160
17.5;5. Design Proposal for a protocol-generic SLA Discovery and Negotiation Infrastructure;161
17.6;6. Conclusion and Future Work;163
17.7;References;164
18;SERVICE LEVEL AGREEMENTS IN BREIN;166
18.1;1. Introduction;167
18.2;2. Addressing SLAs;167
18.3;3. The SLA Schema ;168
18.3.1;3.1 General Issues;168
18.3.2;3.2 Semantic Annotations;169
18.4;4. The BREIN Architecture;171
18.4.1;4.1 Creation;171
18.5;5. Conclusion;173
18.6;References;174
19;NEGOTIATION AND MONITORING OF SERVICE LEVEL AGREEMENTS*;175
19.1;1. Introduction;176
19.2;2. Background;177
19.3;3. Monitoring Violations in SLAs;178
19.3.1;3.1 Online Monitoring;179
19.3.2;3.2 Violations and Penalties;180
19.4;4. Negotiation of Penalties;181
19.4.1;4.1 Multiround Negotiation;182
19.4.2;4.2 Renegotiation;182
19.5;5. Discussion and Conclusion;183
19.6;Acknowledgments;183
19.7;References;183
20;Author Index;185