Winegardner / Testa Restoration of Contaminated Aquifers

Petroleum Hydrocarbons and Organic Compounds, Second Edition
2. Auflage 2002
ISBN: 978-1-4200-3301-4
Verlag: Taylor & Francis
Format: PDF
Kopierschutz: Adobe DRM (»Systemvoraussetzungen)

E-Book, Englisch, 464 Seiten

The second edition of Restoration of Contaminated Aquifers: Petroleum Hydrocarbons and Organic Compounds incorporates the latest advances in in-situ remediation and natural attenuation, and maintains the comprehensive, accessible structure that made the first edition a classic.

The new edition broadens the scope of the first by examining all forms of hydrocarbon contamination. The authors emphasize the remediation of Non-aqueous Phase Liquids (NAPLs) and, Dense Non-Aqueous Phase Liquids (DNAPLs). They also address the growing role of natural attenuation.

The second edition opens with an improved introduction. There are new sections on site characterization, remediation economics and site closure. And unlike other books on this subject, the new edition offers vital managerial and project management guidance, such as, initial project planning and assessment, a look at remediation economics, and a how-to on project closure and follow-up.

Since its initial publication in 1991, Restoration of Petroleum Hydrocarbon Contaminated Aquifers has been the established, invaluable reference for environmental professionals and regulators. Its sweeping, yet approachable format is inestimable in the field, in the lab, and in the policy-making arena. Restoration of Contaminated Aquifers: Petroleum Hydrocarbons and Organic Compounds will continue to be the guide to the war against petroleum contamination.

Zielgruppe

Environmental engineers, petroleum engineers, geologists, environmental regulators

Autoren/Hrsg.

Winegardner, Duane L.

Testa, Stephen M.

Fachgebiete

• Technische Wissenschaften Umwelttechnik | Umwelttechnologie Wasserversorgung, Wasseraufbereitung

Inhaltsverzeichnis

INTRODUCTION
The Nature of Hydrocarbons
Understanding the Subsurface Environment
Evaluation and Development of a Remediation Strategy
The Role of the Geologist
The Role of the Engineer
The Role of the Regulator
References

REGULATORY FRAMEWORK
Introduction
Resource, Conservation and Recovery Act
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act
Department of Transportation
Clean Water Act
Safe Water Drinking Act
Specific State Programs
References

RISK-BASED CORRECTIVE ACTION
SUBSURFACE HYDROGEOLOGIC CHARACTERIZATION
Introduction
Geologic Characterization
Sedimentary Sequences and Facies Architecture
Structural Style and Framework
Hydrogeologic Characterization
Regional Hydrogeologic Considerations
Site-Specific Hydrogeologic Considerations
Pumping Strategies
References

HYDROCARBON CHEMISTRY
Introduction
Hydrocarbon Types
Transformation Processes
Degradation Processes
References

GEOCHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION (FORENSIC FINGERPRINTING)
Introduction
API Gravity
Trace Metals Analysis
Gas Chromatography
Isotope Analysis
Source Determination Techniques
Age Determination Techniques
References

FATE AND TRANSPORT PROCESSES
Introduction
Subsurface Processes
Occurrence and Flow of Immiscible Liquids
Capillary Fringe Interactions
Saturated Zone

NONAQUEOUS PHASE LIQUID CHARACTERIZATION
Introduction
Plume and Pool Geometry
NAPL Properties
Actual vs. Apparent Thickness Determination
Volume Determination
Recoverability
Relative Time Frames for Recovery
References

REMEDIAL TECHNOLOGIES FOR NAPLS
Introduction
Passive Systems
Active Systems
Natural Attenuation
Coproduced Water Handling Considerations
Other Technologies
References

DISSOLVED HYDROCARBONS IN GROUNDWATER REMEDIAL TECHNOLOGIES
Introduction
Pump-and-Treat
Air Stripping
Air Sparging
Biosparging
Natural Attenuation
Other Technologies
References

COPRODUCED WATER HANDLING
Introduction
Oil/Water Separation
Inorganics Removal

Organics Removal
Treatment Trains
Cost Comparison (Case Study)
Disposal Options
References

HYDROCARBON IMPACTED IN-SITU SOIL REMEDIATION TECHNOLOGIES
Introduction
Encapsulation
Vapor Extraction
Air Sparging
Steam Injection and Stripping
Soil Washing
Bioventing
Bioremediation
Natural Attenuation
Other Technologies
References

SITE CLOSURE CONSIDERATIONS
Introduction
Natural Attenuation vs. No Further Action
Parameters for Evaluation
Well Abandonment and Destruction
References

ECONOMIC CONSIDERATIONS
Introduction
Impacted Soil Considerations
NAPL Considerations
Dissolved Hydrocarbons in Groundwater Considerations
References

CASE HISTORIES
Introduction
Vacuum-Enhanced Suction-Lift Well-Point System
Rope Skimming System
Combined One- and Two-Pump System with Reinjection
Natural Attenuation
References

CONCLUSION
Appendix A: Glossary of Pertinent Technical and Regulatory Terms
Appendix B: Tabulation of Specific Gravity vs. API Gravity
Appendix C: Tabulation of Viscosity Conversions
Appendix D: Tabulation of Viscosity and Specific Gravity of Common Petroleum Products