Amino Acids

Biochemistry and Nutrition
1. Auflage 2013
ISBN: 978-1-4398-6189-9
Verlag: Taylor & Francis Inc

Buch, Englisch, 503 Seiten, Format (B × H): 157 mm x 240 mm, Gewicht: 878 g

Amino acid biochemistry and nutrition spans a broad range of fields including biochemistry, metabolism, physiology, immunology, reproduction, pathology, and cell biology. In the last half-century, there have been many conceptual and technical advancements, from analysis of amino acids by high-performance liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry to molecular cloning of transporters for amino acids and small peptides. Amino Acids: Biochemistry and Nutrition presents comprehensive coverage of these scientific developments, providing a useful reference for students and researchers in both biomedicine and agriculture.The text begins with the discoveries and basic concepts of amino acids, peptides, and proteins, and then moves to protein digestion and absorption of peptides and amino acids. Additional chapters cover cell-, tissue-, and species-specific synthesis and catabolism of amino acids and related nitrogenous substances, as well as the use of isotopes to study amino acid metabolism in cells and the body. The book also details protein synthesis and degradation, regulation of amino acid metabolism, physiological functions of amino acids, and inborn errors of amino acid metabolism. The final chapter discusses dietary requirements of amino acids by humans and other animals.While emphasizing basic principles and classical concepts of amino acid biochemistry and nutrition, the author includes recent progress in the field. This book also provides concise coverage of major historical developments of the scientific discipline, so that readers will appreciate the past, understand the current state of the knowledge, and explore the future of the field. Each chapter contains select references to provide comprehensive reviews and original experimental data on the topics discussed.

Zielgruppe

Nutrition scientists; nutritionists/dietitians; biochemists; exercise physiologists; senior undergraduate/graduate nutrition students (biochemistry or physiology courses); animal scientists; health professionals; government and regulatory officials; pharmaceutical industry scientists; researchers and salespeople in amino acid companies; and the public with an interest in amino acid supplements.

Autoren/Hrsg.

Wu, Guoyao

Fachgebiete

• Naturwissenschaften Biowissenschaften Biochemie (nichtmedizinisch)
• Interdisziplinäres Wissenschaften Wissenschaften Interdisziplinär Ökotrophologie (Ernährungs- und Haushaltswissenschaften)
• Medizin | Veterinärmedizin Medizin | Public Health | Pharmazie | Zahnmedizin Vorklinische Medizin: Grundlagenfächer Biochemie (med.)
• Medizin | Veterinärmedizin Medizin | Public Health | Pharmazie | Zahnmedizin Medizin, Gesundheitswesen Ernährungsmedizin, Diätetik

Inhaltsverzeichnis

Discovery and Chemistry of Amino AcidsDefinition and Nomenclature of AADiscovery of AAChemical Properties of AAProtein Digestion and Absorption of Peptides and Amino AcidsClassification and Content of Protein in DietsDefinitions of Digestion and AbsorptionProtein Digestion and Absorption of Peptides and AA in Monogastric AnimalsProtein Digestion and Absorption of Peptides and AA in RuminantsSynthesis of Amino AcidsSynthesis of AA in Tissues and Cells of Animals Including HumansGeneral Pathways for Synthesis of AA in Animal CellsSpecific Pathways for Synthesis of AA in Animal CellsPathways for Synthesis of AA in MicroorganismsSynthesis of D-AA in Animal Cells and BacteriaConversion of D-AA to l-AA in Animal Cells and BacteriaDegradation of Amino AcidsGeneral Characteristics of AA Degradation in Animal CellsPathways for Degradation of AA in Animal CellsCatabolism of D-AA in Animal CellsCatabolism of L-AA and D-AA in MicroorganismsSynthesis and Catabolism of Special Nitrogenous Substances from Amino AcidsProduction of Dipeptides Consisting of Histidine or Its Methylated DerivativesSynthesis and Degradation of GSHProduction of Gly–Pro–HydroxyprolineSynthesis and Catabolism of PolyaminesSynthesis and Utilization of CreatineSynthesis and Catabolism of L-CarnitineSynthesis and Catabolism of Purine and Pyrimidine NucleotidesHeme Synthesis and CatabolismSynthesis and Catabolism of HistamineSynthesis and Catabolism of Catecholamines, Thyroid Hormones, and MelaninSynthesis and Catabolism of Serotonin and MelatoninSynthesis and Catabolism of D-Glucosamine and GlycosaminoglycansConjugation Products for ExcretionSynthesis of Urea and Uric AcidAmmonia Production and Toxicity in AnimalsUrea Production in MammalsUric Acid SynthesisComparisons between Uric Acid and Urea SynthesisUse of Isotopes for Studying Amino Acid MetabolismBasic Concepts about IsotopesInterpretation of Data from Isotope ExperimentsPotential Pitfalls of Isotopic StudiesProtein SynthesisHistorical Perspectives of Protein Synthesis PathwayPathways of Protein Synthesis in the Cytoplasm and MitochondriaBiochemical Characteristics and Significance of Protein SynthesisMeasurements of Protein SynthesisIntracellular Protein DegradationHistorical Perspectives of Intracellular Protein DegradationProteases (Peptidases) for Intracellular Protein DegradationIntracellular Proteolytic PathwaysCharacteristics and Physiological Significance of Intracellular Protein DegradationMeasurements of Intracellular Protein DegradationRegulation of Amino Acid MetabolismBasic Concepts in MetabolismEffects of Nutritional and Physiological Factors on AA MetabolismPhysiological Functions of Amino AcidsRoles of AA in Peptide SynthesisRoles of AA for Synthesis of Nonpeptide MoleculesRegulatory Roles of AA in Food Intake, Nutrient Metabolism, and Gene ExpressionRoles for AA in the Immune ResponseUse of AA in Nutrition, Therapy, and HealthEfficacy and Safety of Dietary AA SupplementationInborn Errors of Amino Acid MetabolismInherited Diseases Resulting from Disorders of AA MetabolismTreatment of Inborn Errors of AA MetabolismDietary Requirements of Amino AcidsHistorical Perspectives of Dietary AA RequirementsDetermination of AA RequirementsAssessment of Dietary Protein QualityIndex

Über Autor(innen)

Wu, Guoyao
Guoyao Wu, Ph.D. is Professor of Amino Acid Biochemistry and Nutrition, Department of Animal Science and Faculty of Nutrition, Texas A & M University College Station. His research interests include Biochemistry, Nutrition, and Physiology of Amino Acids and Protein; Nutritional Biochemistry and Physiology; Comparative Nutrition; Growth and Development of Animals; Biology and Pathobiology of Nitric Oxide and Polyamines; Diabetes, Obesity and Cardiovascular Complications; Fetal Nutrition and Metabolism; and Animal Models of Human Diseases.

Dr. Guoyao Wu is a university distinguished professor, university faculty fellow, and Texas A&M AgriLife Research senior faculty fellow at Texas A&M University. He has taught graduate and undergraduate courses at Texas A&M University in the past 21 years. His research focuses on the biochemistry, nutrition, and physiology of amino acids in animals at genetic, molecular, cellular, and whole-body levels. Dr. Wu is a member and elected Fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science.