Wurmser / McDaniel Dimensions of Behavior

The Psychiatric Foundations of Medicine
1. Auflage 2013
ISBN: 978-1-4831-6421-2
Verlag: Elsevier Science & Techn.
Format: PDF
Kopierschutz: 1 - PDF Watermark

E-Book, Englisch, 574 Seiten, Web PDF

Dimensions of Behavior: The Psychiatric Foundations of Medicine provides the general background of the field and lays the foundations of the origins of behavior. It is a modern textbook of psychiatry written specifically for medical students and physicians. In its comprehensive scope, it contains the contributions of all the disciplines that are relevant to the behavioral, psychological, social, and humanistic aspects of medicine, as well as the contributions of clinical psychiatry that constitute an integral part of the healing art and science of medicine. The book is organized into six parts. Parts I and II are introductory and present the historical development of psychological thinking in medicine and the evolving status of psychiatry in the contemporary scene, with an emphasis on the need for a new medical model. They further attempt to sketch a general conceptualization of human behavior that transcends the disciplinary boundaries of biological and psychosocial sciences, through an introduction into the philosophical and epistemological approaches to studying man and his behavior. Part III introduces basic concepts related to an evolutionary understanding of human behavior, together with contributing extrapolations from ethological and laboratory animal studies. Parts IV through VI present the developmental dimension of behavior. Human development is discussed from the point of view of its biological foundations and genetic determinants, from the point of view of the various psychological theories of personality development, and in terms of the developmental stages of man. This longitudinal perspective of behavior provides the fundamental considerations for understanding the uniqueness of the individual.

Autoren/Hrsg.

Wurmser, Leon

McDaniel, Ellen

Inhaltsverzeichnis

1;Front Cover;1
2;Dimensions of Behavior: The Psychiatric Foundations of Medicine;4
3;Copyright Page;5
4;Table of Contents;8
5;Contributors;6
6;Preface;10
7;Introduction;18
8;Introductory Concepts and Evolution;25
9;Part I: Psychiatry and Medicine;26
9.1;Chapter 1. The Need for a New Medical Model: A Challenge for Biomedicine;28
9.1.1;THE TWO POSITIONS;29
9.1.2;THE BIOMEDICAL MODEL;30
9.1.3;HISTORICAL ORIGINS OF THE REDUCTIONIST BIOMEDICAL MODEL;32
9.1.4;LIMITATIONS OF THE BIOMEDICAL MODEL;33
9.1.5;THE REQUIREMENTS OF A NEW MEDICAL MODEL;34
9.1.6;THE ADVANTAGES OF A BIOPSYCHOSOCIAL MODEL;37
9.1.7;A CHALLENGE FOR BOTH MEDICINE AND PSYCHIATRY;40
9.1.8;GENERAL SYSTEMS THEORY PERSPECTIVE;42
9.1.9;BIOMEDICINE AS SCIENCE AND AS DOGMA;43
9.1.10;REFERENCES;45
9.2;Chapter 2. Historical Development of Psychological Thinking in Medicine;48
9.2.1;TWO BASIC PHILOSOPHICAL MODELS OF THE MIND;49
9.2.2;THE SOUL IN MYTHICAL CONSCIOUSNESS;52
9.2.3;THE CONCEPTS OF MENTAL DISEASE;55
9.2.4;THE THERAPEUTIC IMPLICATIONS OF THE LEADING PARADIGMS;82
9.2.5;REFERENCES;95
9.3;Chapter 3. The Evolving Status of Psychiatry in Medicine;98
9.3.1;THE IDENTITY OF THE PSYCHIATRIST;101
9.3.2;REFERENCES;106
10;Part II: The Study of Man;108
10.1;Chapter 4. Philosophical Approaches to Understanding Man;110
10.1.1;PHILOSOPHY AND THE SCIENTIFIC STUDY OF MAN;110
10.1.2;THE PSYCHODYNAMIC APPROACH TO THE STUDY OF MAN;113
10.1.3;THE ESSENTIALIST VIEWPOINT;114
10.1.4;THE EXISTENTIALIST VIEWPOINT;115
10.1.5;THE STUFF OF WHICH MAN IS MADE;117
10.1.6;MAN AS A LANGUAGE USER AND AS A PURPOSIVE AGENT;121
10.1.7;REFERENCES;124
10.2;Chapter 5. Epistemological Foundations for the Study of Man;126
10.3;Chapter 6. Psychosocial Aspects of Scientific Investigation;140
10.3.1;THE SCIENTIFIC PROCESS;140
10.3.2;EIGHT RESEARCH MAXIMS;143
10.3.3;A HUMAN ENDEAVOR;154
10.3.4;REFERENCES;155
10.4;Chapter 7. General Systems Theory and Biosystems: An Introduction;158
10.4.1;MAJOR CONTRIBUTIONS TO SYSTEMS THEORIZING;158
10.4.2;BASIC ASPECTS OF THE ORGANIZATION OF BIOSYSTEMS;166
10.4.3;CONCLUSION;196
10.4.4;REFERENCES;199
11;Part III: Evolutionary Dimensions of Behavior;206
11.1;Chapter 8. Phylogenetic Organization of the Central Nervous System;208
11.1.1;REFERENCES;223
11.2;Chapter 9. Adaptation and Evolution of Behavior;226
11.2.1;A HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE;226
11.2.2;TAXONOMIC CONSIDERATIONS: THE PHYLOGENETIC RELATEDNESS OF BEHAVIOR;229
11.2.3;TELEONOMY: THE ECOLOGICAL ADAPTATION OF BEHAVIOR;230
11.2.4;EVOLUTION AND BEHAVIORAL GENETICS: GENES AND BEHAVIORAL ONTOGENY;235
11.2.5;A COMMENTARY ON HUMAN ORGANIC AND CULTURAL EVOLUTION;241
11.2.6;REFERENCES;246
11.3;Chapter 10. Extrapolations from Ethological Studies;252
11.3.1;ETHOLOGY;253
11.3.2;SOME CONCEPTUAL AND METHODOLOGICAL EXTRAPOLATIONS FROM ETHOLOGICAL STUDIES;256
11.3.3;RATIONALE FOR THE UTILITY OF ETHOLOGICAL MODELS IN PSYCHIATRY;261
11.3.4;EXAMPLES OF EXTRAPOLATIONS FROM ETHOLOGY;264
11.3.5;REFERENCES;274
11.4;Chapter 11. Extrapolations from Laboratory Animal Studies;280
11.4.1;CONTRIBUTIONS OF ANIMAL RESEARCH;281
11.4.2;THE LIMITS OF GENERALIZATION;282
11.4.3;REFERENCES;285
12;Development;287
13;Part IV: Biological Foundations of Human Development;288
13.1;Chapter 12. Ontogenesis of the Central Nervous System and Behavior;290
13.1.1;MORPHOGENESIS;291
13.1.2;INTRODUCTION TO ONTOGENY OF BEHAVIOR;307
13.1.3;REFERENCES;312
13.2;Chapter 13. Genetic Determinants of Behavior: The Nature-Nurture Controversy;314
13.2.1;GENETICS AS THE SCIENCE OF VARIATION AND CONTROL;314
13.2.2;SOME HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVES;315
13.2.3;MECHANISMS OF GENETIC TRANSMISSION AND EXPRESSION;320
13.2.4;TECHNIQUES OF GENETIC INVESTIGATION IN PSYCHIATRY;322
13.2.5;CONCEPT OF INTERACTION OF GENETIC AND EXPERIENTIAL FACTORS;323
13.2.6;REFERENCES;325
14;Part V: Theories of Human Development;328
14.1;Chapter 14. Early Childhood Development: Cognitive Theories;330
14.1.1;EARLY CHILDHOOD DEVELOPMENT;335
14.1.2;NORMS AND INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES;354
14.1.3;COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT THEORY;358
14.1.4;REFERENCES;367
14.2;Chapter 15. Personality Development: Motivational Theories;370
14.2.1;NEUROPHYSIOLOGICAL PSYCHOLOGY;371
14.2.2;LEARNING THEORY AND MOTIVATION;375
14.2.3;THE PSYCHOANALYTIC THEORY OF MOTIVATION;378
14.2.4;REFERENCES;393
14.3;Chapter 16. Personality Development: Psychoanalytic Theories;396
14.3.1;EARLY OBJECT RELATIONS;397
14.3.2;GENDER IDENTITY;403
14.3.3;OEDIPAL COMPLEX;406
14.3.4;SUPEREGO;410
14.3.5;REFERENCES;413
14.4;Chapter 17. Psychosocial Aspects of Development;416
14.4.1;SEX, OR GENDER;418
14.4.2;INTELLECTUAL ABILITY;420
14.4.3;BASIC TRUST VERSUS BASIC MISTRUST;420
14.4.4;AUTONOMY VERSUS SHAME AND DOUBT;425
14.4.5;INITIATIVE VERSUS GUILT;430
14.4.6;INDUSTRY VERSUS INFERIORITY;437
14.4.7;REFERENCES;449
15;Part VI: Developmental Stages of Man;454
15.1;Chapter 18. Infancy;456
15.1.1;INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES;459
15.1.2;ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS;460
15.1.3;LEARNING DURING INFANCY;462
15.1.4;MOTOR DEVELOPMENT;464
15.1.5;SENSORY AND PERCEPTUAL DEVELOPMENT;467
15.1.6;COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT;468
15.1.7;SOCIALIZATION, ATTACHMENT, AND COMMUNICATIONS;469
15.1.8;DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS DURING INFANCY;473
15.1.9;REFERENCES;475
15.2;Chapter 19. The Preschool Child;478
15.2.1;THE TODDLER;481
15.2.2;THE OEDIPAL CHILD;487
15.2.3;CONCLUSION;492
15.2.4;REFERENCES;493
15.3;Chapter 20. Latency;496
15.3.1;COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT;498
15.3.2;PEER GROUPS AND FRIENDS;501
15.3.3;FAMILY ROMANCE;502
15.3.4;SEXUAL DEVELOPMENT;503
15.3.5;REFERENCES;505
15.4;Chapter 21. Puberty and Adolescence;506
15.4.1;PUBERTY;506
15.4.2;ADOLESCENCE;508
15.4.3;PHYSICAL CHANGES;508
15.4.4;PSYCHOLOGICAL CHANGES;511
15.4.5;CONCLUSION;516
15.4.6;REFERENCES;517
15.4.7;RECOMMENDED READINGS;518
15.5;Chapter 22. Adulthood;520
15.5.1;CONCEPTUALIZATIONS OF ADULT DEVELOPMENT;522
15.5.2;METHODOLOGY;537
15.5.3;PSYCHOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS;544
15.5.4;PERSONALITY;551
15.5.5;REFERENCES;554
16;Index;556