Yuan / Cui Computational Structural Engineering

Proceedings of the International Symposium on Computational Structural Engineering, held in Shanghai, China, June 22–24, 2009
1. Auflage 2009
ISBN: 978-90-481-2822-8
Verlag: Springer-Verlag
Format: PDF
Kopierschutz: Adobe DRM (»Systemvoraussetzungen)

E-Book, Englisch, 1307 Seiten

Following the great progress made in computing technology, both in computer and programming technology, computation has become one of the most powerful tools for researchers and practicing engineers. It has led to tremendous achievements in computer-based structural engineering and there is evidence that current devel- ments will even accelerate in the near future. To acknowledge this trend, Tongji University, Vienna University of Technology, and Chinese Academy of Engine- ing, co-organized the International Symposium on Computational Structural En- neering 2009 in Shanghai (CSE’09). CSE’09 aimed at providing a forum for presentation and discussion of sta- of-the-art development in scientific computing applied to engineering sciences. Emphasis was given to basic methodologies, scientific development and engine- ing applications. Therefore, it became a central academic activity of the Inter- tional Association for Computational Mechanics (IACM), the European Com- nity on Computational Methods in Applied Sciences (ECCOMAS), The Chinese Society of Theoretical and Applied Mechanic, the China Civil Engineering So- ety, and the Architectural Society of China. A total of 10 invited papers, and around 140 contributed papers were p- sented in the proceedings of the symposium. Contributors of papers came from 20 countries around the world and covered a wide spectrum related to the compu- tional structural engineering.

Autoren/Hrsg.

Yuan, Yong

Cui, Junzhi

Inhaltsverzeichnis

1;Table of Contents;5
2;Preface;18
3;International Advisory Committee;19
4;Scientific Committee;21
5;Organizing Committee;23
6;Invited Papers;25
6.1;Computational Multi-Scale Methods and Evolving Discontinuities;26
6.1.1;1 Introduction;26
6.1.2;2 Multi-Scale Methods;27
6.1.3;3 Evolving Discontinuities;27
6.1.4;4 Coupling between Length Scales;30
6.1.5;5 Concluding Remarks;31
6.1.6;Acknowledgement;32
6.1.7;References;32
6.2;Damage Cumulation Analysis of Welded Joints under Low Cycle Loadings;33
6.2.1;1 Introduction;33
6.2.2;2 Damage Cumulation Model for Weld Material;34
6.2.3;3 Experimental Study;35
6.2.4;4 FE Simulation Incorporating the Damage Cumulation Model;40
6.2.5;5 Conclusions and Future Work;40
6.2.6;References;41
6.3;Ageing Degradation of Concrete Dams Based on Damage Mechanics Concepts;42
6.3.1;1 Introduction;42
6.3.2;2 Methodology;45
6.3.3;3 Numerical Example;51
6.3.4;4 Conclusions;54
6.3.5;References;54
6.4;Computational Simulation Methods for Composites Reinforced by Fibres;82
6.4.1;1 Introduction;82
6.4.2;2 Description of the Methods Used in Computation Models;83
6.4.3;3 Computational Results and Conclusions;87
6.4.4;References;88
6.5;Computational Multiscale Approach to the Mechanical Behavior and Transport Behavior of Wood;97
6.5.1;1 Introduction;97
6.5.2;2 Fundamentals of Continuum Micromechanics;98
6.5.3;3 Multiscale Model for Wood Elasticity and Elastic Limit States;99
6.5.4;4 Multiscale Model for Moisture Diffusivity of Wood;101
6.5.5;5 Conclusions;102
6.5.6;References;102
6.6;The Finite Cell Method: High Order Simulation of Complex Structures without Meshing;104
6.6.1;1 The Finite Cell Method;105
6.6.2;2 Numerical Examples;107
6.6.3;References;109
6.7;Theoretical Model and Method for Self-Excited Aerodynamic Forces of Long- Span Bridges;110
6.7.1;1 Introduction;110
6.7.2;2 Theoretical Model of Self-Excited Aerodynamic Forces;111
6.7.3;3 Numerical Identification of Flutter Derivatives;112
6.7.4;4. Conclusions;115
6.7.5;Acknowledgements;116
6.7.6;References;116
7;Structural Stability;117
7.1;Simulation of Structural Collapse with Coupled Finite Element- Discrete Element Method;141
7.1.1;1 Introduction;141
7.1.2;2 Finite Element Models for Collapse;143
7.1.3;3 Discrete Element Model for Collapse;143
7.1.4;4 Program Implementation and Example;146
7.1.5;5 Conclusions;148
7.1.6;Acknowledgements;148
7.1.7;References;148
7.2;Tunnel Stability against Uplift Single Fluid Grout;150
7.2.1;1 Introduction;150
7.2.2;Acknowledgements;156
7.2.3;References;156
7.3;Effects of Concentrated Initial Stresses on Global Buckling of Plates;157
7.3.1;1 Introduction;157
7.3.2;2 Methodology;158
7.3.3;3 Numerical Examples;158
7.3.4;4 Conclusions;162
7.3.5;Acknowledgement;162
7.3.6;References;162
7.4;Application of a Thin-Walled Structure Theory in Dynamic Stability of Steel Radial Gates;164
7.4.1;1 Introduction;164
7.4.2;2 The Elastomer Perturbation Equation;165
7.4.3;3 Beam Element Model of the Thin-walled Structure;166
7.4.4;4 Example;167
7.4.5;5 Conclusions;168
7.4.6;Acknowledgements;168
7.4.7;References;169
7.5;Research on the Difference between the Linear and Nonlinear Analysis of a Wing Structure;170
7.5.1;1 Introduction;170
7.5.2;2 Influence of the Boundary Condition;171
7.5.3;3 Course of Nonlinear Behaviour;173
7.5.4;4 Conclusions;175
7.5.5;Acknowledgment;175
7.5.6;References;175
7.6;A New Slice Method for Seismic Stability Analysis of Reinforced Retaining Wall;177
7.6.1;1 Introduction;177
7.6.2;2 New Slice Theoretical Method;178
7.6.3;3 Verification for the Slice Method;181
7.6.4;4 Conclusions;182
7.6.5;Acknowledgments;182
7.6.6;References;182
7.7;Hysteretic Response and Energy Dissipation of Double- Tube Buckling Restrained Braces with Contact Ring;183
7.7.1;1 Introduction;183
7.7.2;2 Geometry Parameters of Component;184
7.7.3;3 Analysis of Hysteretic Performance;185
7.7.4;4 Analysis of Stress and Deformation;187
7.7.5;5 Results;188
7.7.6;References;189
8;Seismic Engineering;190
8.1;Unified Formulation for Real Time Dynamic Hybrid Testing;208
8.1.1;1 Introduction;208
8.1.2;2 Unified Formulation of RTDHT;210
8.1.3;3 Verification Test;213
8.1.4;4 Concluding Remarks;214
8.1.5;References;215
8.2;Research on Seismic Response Reduction of Self- Anchored Suspension Bridge;216
8.2.1;1 Introduction;216
8.2.2;2 Engineering Background and Analysis Model;217
8.2.3;3 Study on Pounding Shock Absorption;218
8.2.4;4 Study on Seismic Reduction of Viscous Damper;221
8.2.5;5 Conclusions;223
8.2.6;References;223
8.3;Seismic Responses of Shot Span Bridge under Three Different Patterns of Earthquake Excitations;224
8.3.1;1 Introduction;224
8.3.2;2 Bridge Model;225
8.3.3;3 Multiple Seismic Excitation Model;226
8.3.4;5 Results and Analysis;229
8.3.5;6 Conclusions;231
8.3.6;References;232
8.4;The Seismic Behavior Analysis of Steel Column- Tree Web Connection with Bolted- Splicing;247
8.4.1;1 Introduction;247
8.4.2;2 Splicing Design for Column-Tree Connection;248
8.4.3;3 Finite Element Analysis of Splicing Joint;249
8.4.4;4 Conclusions;254
8.4.5;References;254
8.5;Rotational Components of Seismic Waves and Its Influence to the Seismic Response of Specially- Shaped Column Structure;269
8.5.1;1 Introduction;269
8.5.2;2 Solution of the Seismic Wave’s Torsional Acceleration Component;270
8.5.3;3 Establishment of Finite Element Model of Special-Shaped Column Frame;272
8.5.4;4 Analysis of the Reaction of the Special-Shaped Column Structure under Multi- Dimensional Seismic;272
8.5.5;5 Conclusions;274
8.5.6;References;274
8.6;Seismic Assessment for a Subway Station Reconstructed within High- Rise Building;275
8.6.1;1 Introduction;275
8.6.2;2 Dynamic Model;276
8.6.3;3 Seismic Responses;278
8.6.4;4 Seismic Assessment;280
8.6.5;5 Conclusions;282
8.6.6;Acknowledgements;282
8.6.7;References;282
8.7;A Simplified Method for Estimating Target Displacement of Pile- Supported Wharf under Response Spectrum Seismic Loading;283
8.7.1;1 Introduction;284
8.7.2;2 Finding Trends for Displacement Amplification Factor (Fa);285
8.7.3;3 Conclusion;290
8.7.4;Acknowledgement;291
8.7.5;References;291
8.8;The Fractal Dimensionality of Seismic Wave;292
8.8.1;1 Introduction;292
8.8.2;2 Determination of the Fractal Dimensionality;293
8.8.3;3 Influencing Factors;298
8.8.4;4 Conclusions;300
8.8.5;References;300
8.9;Chaotic Time Series Analysis of Near-Fault Ground Motions and Structural Seismic Responses;302
8.9.1;1 Introduction;302
8.9.2;2 Methods to Identify Chaos;303
8.9.3;3 Verification of Chaotic Time Series Analysis Procedure;304
8.9.4;4 Chaotic Time Series Analysis of Near-Fault Ground Motions;305
8.9.5;5 Chaotic Time Series Analysis of Responses of SDOF Systems;306
8.9.6;6 Conclusions;307
8.9.7;Acknowledgements;307
8.9.8;References;307
8.10;Parameters Observation of Spatial Variation Ground Motion;309
8.10.1;1 Introduction;309
8.10.2;2 Random Vibration Response of Structure Subjected to SVEGM;310
8.11;Inelastic Response Spectra for Bi-directional Earthquake Motions;318
8.11.1;1 Introduction;318
8.11.2;2 Inelastic Response Spectrum under Bi-directional Ground motions;319
8.11.3;3 Analysis of Strength Reduction Factor Design Spectrum for Bi- directional Earthquake Motions;325
8.11.4;4 Conclusions;328
8.11.5;References;328
8.12;Seismic Dynamic Reliability Analysis of Gravity Dam;329
8.12.1;1 Introduction;329
8.12.2;2 The Gravity Dam of Silin Hydropower Station;330
8.12.3;3 The Combination Method of Dynamic and Static Response;331
8.12.4;4 Dynamic Reliability Analysis;332
8.12.5;5 Conclusions;337
8.12.6;References;338
8.13;Application of Iterative Computing of Two-Way Coupling Technique in Dynamic Analysis of Sonla Concrete Gravity Dam;339
8.13.1;1 Introduction;339
8.13.2;2 The Couple Finite Element Equation of Dam-Reservoir System;340
8.13.3;3 Iterative Computing of Two-Way Coupling;341
8.13.4;4 Application in Seismic Analysis of Sonla Dam;341
8.13.5;5 Conclusions;344
8.13.6;References;345
8.14;Full 3D Numerical Simulation Method and Its Application to Seismic Response Analysis of Water- Conveyance Tunnel;346
8.14.1;1 Introduction;347
8.14.2;2 Principle and Methods;348
8.14.3;3 Computation Model;350
8.14.4;4 Calculation and Results;353
8.14.5;5 Conclusions;354
8.14.6;Acknowledgements;355
8.14.7;References;355
9;Dynamic Interactions;356
9.1;Comparison of Different-Ordered Polynomial Acceleration Methods;357
9.1.1;1 Introduction;357
9.1.2;2 Evaluation of Polynomial Acceleration Method;358
9.1.3;3 Stabilization Analysis;362
9.1.4;4 Numerical Example;367
9.1.5;5 Conclusions;370
9.1.6;References;370
9.2;An Effective Approach for Vibration Analysis of Beam with Arbitrary Sections;371
9.2.1;1 Introduction;371
9.2.2;2 Beam Formulations;372
9.2.3;3 An Example;375
9.2.4;4 Conclusions;376
9.2.5;Acknowledgments;376
9.2.6;References;376
9.3;Analyses on Vortex-Induced Vibration with Consideration of Streamwise Degree of Freedom;378
9.3.1;1 Introduction;378
9.4;Equivalent Static Loading for Ship-Collision Design of Bridges Based on Numerical Simulations;385
9.4.1;1 Introduction;385
9.4.2;2 Numerical Simulations of Ship-Bridge Collisions;386
9.4.3;3 Basic Formulas for Equivalent Static Loading;387
9.4.4;4 Modifications of the Basic formulas for Equivalent Static Loading;389
9.4.5;6 Results;391
9.4.6;Acknowlegements;391
9.4.7;References;392
9.5;Computational Comparison of DES and LES in Channel Flow Simulation;410
9.5.1;1 Introduction;410
9.5.2;2 Numerical Methods and Configuration;411
9.5.3;3 Results and Discussion;413
9.5.4;4 Conclusions;416
9.5.5;Acknowledgements;416
9.5.6;References;417
9.6;A Micro-Plane Model for Reinforced Concrete under Static and Dynamic Loadings;418
9.6.1;1 Introduction;418
9.6.2;2 Reinforced Concrete Microplane Model;419
9.6.3;3 Calibration and Comparison with Classical Test Data;423
9.6.4;4. Conclusions;425
9.6.5;Acknowledgement;425
9.6.6;References;425
9.7;Behavior Optimization of Flexible Guardrail Based on Numerical Simulation;427
9.7.1;1 Introduction;427
9.7.2;2 Model Descriptions;428
9.7.3;3 Analysis of Calculation Results;430
9.7.4;4 Conclusion and Suggestion;434
9.7.5;Acknowledgements;435
9.7.6;References;435
10;Fluid and Structures;448
10.1;Parametric Oscillation of Cables and Aerodynamic Effect;457
10.1.1;1 Background;457
10.1.2;2 Analytical Model;458
10.1.3;3 Solutions with Multiple Scales Method;460
10.1.4;4 A Numerical Example;461
10.1.5;5 Application to a Practical Bridge;462
10.1.6;6 Conclusions;463
10.1.7;Acknowledgements;463
10.1.8;References;463
10.2;Aerodynamic Interference Effect between Large Wind Turbine Blade and Tower;477
10.2.1;1 Introduction;477
10.2.2;2 Two-Dimensional Stationary Numerical Model;478
10.2.3;3 Two-Dimensional Stationary Numerical Results;479
10.2.4;4 Three-Dimensional Rotational Numerical Model;480
10.2.5;5 Three-Dimensional Rotational Numerical Results;481
10.2.6;6 Conclusion;482
10.2.7;Acknowledgements;483
10.2.8;References;483
10.3;Wind-Induced Self-Excited Vibration of Flexible Structures;523
10.3.1;1. Introduction;523
10.3.2;2. SDOF Model;524
10.3.3;3. Wind Tunnel Test;525
10.3.4;4. Numerical Analysis;527
10.3.5;5. Conclusions;528
10.3.6;References;529
10.4;Numerical Study on Vortex Induced Vibrations of Four Cylinders in an In- Line Square Configuration;537
10.4.1;1 Introduction;537
10.4.2;2 Numerical Computation Method;540
10.4.3;3 Results and Discussion;542
10.4.4;4 Conclusions;549
10.4.5;Acknowledgements;550
10.4.6;References;551
10.5;Dynamic Analysis of Fluid-Structure Interaction on Cantilever Structure;569
10.5.1;1 Introduction;569
10.5.2;2 Calculation Method of ANSYS Software;569
10.5.3;3 Structure Model;570
10.5.4;4 Results and Analysis;572
10.5.5;5 Conclusions;575
10.5.6;Acknowledgements;575
10.5.7;References;576
11;Mechanical Modeling ofWood andWood Products;577
11.1;A Computational Approach for the Stress Analysis of Dowel- Type Connections under Natural Humidity Conditions;578
11.1.1;1 Introduction;578
11.1.2;3 A Three-Dimensional Moisture-Stress Analysis for Timber Structures;579
11.1.3;4 Computational Results and Future Work;581
11.1.4;References;583
12;Structural Dynamics;632
12.1;Numerical Investigation of Blasting-Induced Damage in Concrete Slabs;633
12.1.1;1 Introduction;633
12.1.2;2 Numerical Model;635
12.1.3;3 Simulation Results;638
12.1.4;4 Layered Slabs;642
12.1.5;5 Conclusions;644
12.1.6;Acknowledgements;645
12.1.7;References;645
12.2;Numerical Simulation of Internal Blast Effects on a Subway Station;677
12.2.1;1 Introduction;677
12.2.2;2 Numerical Model;678
12.2.3;3 Numerical Results and Discussions;680
12.2.4;4 Conclusions;683
12.2.5;Acknowledgements;684
12.2.6;References;684
12.3;Quantitative Study on Frequency Variation with Respect to Structural Temperatures;685
12.3.1;1 Background;685
12.3.2;2 Tests and Results;686
12.3.3;3 Analysis and Verification;689
12.3.4;4 Conclusions;690
12.3.5;Acknowledgements;691
12.3.6;References;691
12.4;Method of Reverberation Ray Matrix for Dynamic Response of Space Structures Composed of Bar Elements with Damping Effect;702
12.4.1;1 Introduction;702
12.4.2;2 Mathematical Formulation for Reverberation Ray Matrix;703
12.4.3;3 Example Analysis;706
12.4.4;4 Conclusions;708
12.4.5;References;708
12.5;Damage Analysis of 3D Frame Structure under Impulsive Load;718
12.5.1;1 Introduction;718
12.5.2;2 The Dynamic Equation of 3D Structure;719
12.5.3;3 Model of Lumped Damage Mechanics;720
12.5.4;4 Numerical Computation of the Example;725
12.5.5;5. Conclusions;728
12.5.6;References;728
12.6;Experimental and Numerical Approach to Study Dynamic Behaviour of Pavement under Impact Loading;730
12.6.1;1 Introduction;730
12.6.2;2 Experimental Study;731
12.6.3;3 Numerical Model;734
12.6.4;4 Conclusions;735
12.6.5;References;735
12.7;Dynamic Analysis of Vertical Loaded Single Pile in Multilayered Saturated Soils;736
12.7.1;1 Introduction;736
12.7.2;2 Governing Equations and General Solution;737
12.7.3;3 Numerical Result and Discussion;741
12.7.4;4 Conclusions;743
12.7.5;Acknowledgments;744
12.7.6;References;744
12.8;Local Dynamic Response in Deck Slabs of Concrete Box Girder Bridges;745
12.8.1;1 Introduction;745
12.8.2;2 Vehicle and Bridge Models;746
12.8.3;3 Vehicle-Bridge Dynamic System;747
12.8.4;4 Effect of Parameters;749
12.8.5;5 Conclusions;751
12.8.6;Acknowledgements;752
12.8.7;References;752
12.9;Steady-State Response of a Beam on an Elastic Foundation Subjected to a Moving Structure;754
12.9.1;1 Introduction;754
12.9.2;2 Formulations;755
12.9.3;3 Numerical Results and Conclusions;758
12.9.4;References;759
13;Structural Diagnosis, Control and Optimization;767
13.1;Structure Damnification Diagnose System by Radial Basis Function Neural Network;775
13.1.1;1 Introduction;775
13.1.2;2 Theory of Checking;776
13.1.3;3 The Basis Principle of RBF;776
13.1.4;4 Damnification Diagnosing System and Choice of Parameters;777
13.1.5;5 Conclusions;782
13.1.6;Acknowledgements;782
13.1.7;References;783
13.2;Application of Artificial Neural Network for Diagnosing Pile Integrity Based on Low Strain Dynamic Testing;824
13.2.1;1 Introduction;824
13.2.2;2 Back-propagation ANN Models Based on PIT;825
13.2.3;3 Prediction for Pile Integrity;828
13.2.4;4 Conclusion;828
13.2.5;Acknowledgements;829
13.2.6;References;829
13.2.7;5 Conclusions;842
13.3;Two Methodologies for Stacking Sequence Optimization of Laminated Composite Materials;874
13.3.1;1 Introduction;874
13.3.2;2 Optimization Strategies;875
13.3.3;3 Layups Design Rules;877
13.3.4;4 Wing Box Example;877
13.3.5;5 Conclusions;879
13.3.6;References;880
13.4;Minimum Cost Design of a Welded Stiffened Pulsating Vacuum Steam Sterilizer;881
13.4.1;1 Introduction;881
13.4.2;2 Welded structure for sterilizer;882
13.4.3;3. Formulation and Solution of Optimization Model;882
13.4.4;4 Mathematical Optimization and Numerical optimization Results;885
13.4.5;5 Conclusion;886
13.4.6;Acknowledgements;887
13.4.7;References;887
13.5;A Framework of Multiobjective Collaborative Optimization;888
13.5.1;1 Introduction;888
13.5.2;2 Framework of Multiobjective Collaborative Optimization;889
13.6;An Optimal Design of Bi-Directional TMD for Three Dimensional Structure;897
13.6.1;1 Introduction;897
13.6.2;2 Dynamic Model of Three Dimensional Control System;898
13.6.3;3 Parametric Optimization;899
13.6.4;4 Numerical Example;901
13.6.5;5 Conclusions;902
13.6.6;References;903
14;Numerical Methods and Numerical Simulation;904
14.1;Numerical Modeling of Retrained RC Columns in Fire;911
14.1.1;1 Introduction;911
14.1.2;2 Material Properties;912
14.1.3;3 Numerical Comparisons;915
14.1.4;4 Summary and Conclusions;916
14.1.5;References;917
14.2;Temperature Field of Concrete Beam Based on Simulated Temperature- Time Curves;918
14.2.1;1 Introduction;918
14.2.2;2 Fire Simulation of a Typical Subway Station;919
14.2.3;3 Temperature Field Analysis of Rectangular Beam;920
14.2.4;4 Conclusions;923
14.2.5;References;923
14.3;An Efficient Nonlinear Meshfree Analysis of Shear Deformable Beam;940
14.3.1;1 Introduction;940
14.3.2;2 Basic Equations of Beam;941
14.3.3;3 Meshfree Discretization and Stabilized Nodal Integration;943
14.3.4;4 Numerical Examples;945
14.3.5;5 Summary;945
14.3.6;Acknowledgements;946
14.3.7;References;946
14.4;Variance-Based Methods for Sensitivity Analysis in Civil Engineering;947
14.4.1;1 Introduction;947
14.4.2;2 Stability Problems and Ultimate Limit State of Steel Plane Frame;948
14.4.3;3 Input Random Imperfections;949
14.4.4;4 Sobol Sensitivity Analysis;950
14.4.5;5 Sensitivity Analysis Results;951
14.4.6;6 Conclusions;952
14.4.7;Acknowledgements;953
14.4.8;References;953
14.5;Coupled Multi-Physical Fields Analysis of Early Age Concrete;954
14.5.1;1 Introduction;954
14.5.2;2 Multi-Physical Fields Relationship;955
14.5.3;3 Fields Equation;956
14.5.4;4 Numerical Examples;959
14.5.5;5 Conclusions;961
14.5.6;Acknowledgements;961
14.5.7;References;961
14.6;Rigid Plasticity Analysis of Defect Beam Suffering Step Loads;962
14.6.1;1 Introduction;962
14.6.2;2 Deformation Mode of the Defect Beam Suffering Step Load;963
14.6.3;3 The Numerical Example;967
14.6.4;4 Conclusions;969
14.6.5;References;970
14.7;A Computational Approach to the Integration of Adaptronical Structures in Machine Tools;972
14.7.1;1 State of Research;972
14.7.2;2 Position Dependence of the Machine Tool Dynamics;973
14.7.3;3 Actuator Placement;974
14.7.4;4 Derivation of a Feasible Actuator Coupling Configuration;975
14.7.5;5 Adaptive Control with FxLMS;978
14.7.6;6 Integrated Simulation of Machine Tool, Cutting Process, and Active Vibration Control System;980
14.8;Adaptive Nearest-Nodes Finite Element Method and Its Applications;984
14.8.1;1 Introduction;984
14.8.2;2 Nearest-nodes Finite Element Method;985
14.8.3;3 Gradient of Strain Energy Density as Error Indicator for Mesh Modification;986
14.8.4;4 Numerical Examples;988
14.8.5;5 Concluding Remarks;989
14.8.6;References;989
14.9;An Orthogonalization Approach for Basic Deformation Modes and Performance Analysis of Hybrid Stress Elements;991
14.9.1;1 Introduction;991
14.9.2;2 Basic Deformation Modes for Hybrid Stress Element;992
14.9.3;3 Orthogonalization of Basic Modes and Assessment of Element Performance;993
14.9.4;4 Numerical Examples;995
14.9.5;5 Conclusions;996
14.9.6;Acknowledgements;996
14.9.7;References;996
14.9.8;2 Model of Composite Shell;998
14.9.9;3 Results and Discussions;1000
14.9.10;4. Conclusions;1003
14.9.11;References;1004
14.10;Rectangular Membrane Element with Rotational Degree of Freedom;1005
14.10.1;1 Introduction;1005
14.10.2;2 Shape Function;1006
14.10.3;3 Element Stiffness;1007
14.10.4;4 Numeric Analyses;1008
14.10.5;5 Summary and Conclusions;1012
14.10.6;References;1012
14.11;Coupling Analysis on Seepage and Stress in Jointed Rock Tunnel with the Distinct Element Method;1013
14.11.1;1 Introduction;1013
14.11.2;2 Seepage Model of Jointed Rock Mass;1014
14.11.3;3 Numerical Example of Fluid-Solid Coupling;1014
14.11.4;4 Results and Discussion;1016
14.11.5;5 Conclusions;1018
14.11.6;References;1018
14.12;3D Finite Element Simulation of Complex Static and Dynamic Fracture in Quasi- Brittle Materials;1019
14.12.1;1 Introduction;1019
14.12.2;2 Modelling Procedure;1020
14.12.3;3 Numerical Examples;1021
14.12.4;4 Conclusions;1025
14.12.5;Acknowledgement;1025
14.12.6;References;1025
14.13;Monte Carlo Simulation of Complex 2D Cohesive Fracture in Random Heterogeneous Quasi- Brittle Materials;1034
14.13.1;1 Introduction;1034
14.13.2;2 The Methodology;1035
14.13.3;3 Numerical Example;1036
14.13.4;4 Results and Discussion;1037
14.13.5;5 Conclusions;1040
14.13.6;Acknowledgements;1040
14.13.7;References;1040
14.14;Short-Term Axial Behavior of Preloaded Concrete Columns Strengthened with Fiber Reinforced Polymer Laminate;1041
14.14.1;1 Introduction;1041
14.14.2;2 Finite Element Analysis;1042
14.14.3;3 Comparisons with Test Results;1044
14.14.4;4 Parameter Analysis;1046
14.14.5;5 Conclusions;1049
14.14.6;Acknowledgements;1049
14.14.7;References;1049
14.15;Nonlinear Numerical Simulation on Composite Joint between Concrete- Filled Steel Tubular Column and Steel Beams- Covered Concrete under Low- Cyclic Reversed Loading;1051
14.15.1;1 Introduction;1051
14.15.2;2 Experimental Introductions;1052
14.15.3;3 Computational Models;1053
14.15.4;4 Discussions;1056
14.15.5;References;1057
14.16;Deflection Analysis of Pretensioned Inverted T- Beam with Circular Web Openings Strengthened with GFRP by Response Surface Method;1069
14.16.1;1 Introduction;1069
14.16.2;2 Experimental Program;1070
14.16.3;3 Response Surface Method in Finite Element Analysis;1071
14.16.4;4 Results;1073
14.16.5;5 Conclusions;1074
14.16.6;References;1074
14.17;Nonlinear Numerical Simulation on Shearing Performance of RC Beams Strengthened with Steel Wire Mesh- Polymer Mortar;1084
14.17.1;1 Preface;1084
14.17.2;2 Experimental Introductions;1085
14.17.3;3 Computational Models;1085
14.17.4;4 Comparisons of Experimental and Numerical Results;1087
14.17.5;5 Conclusions;1089
14.17.6;References;1090
15;Application and Others;1091
15.1;Study on Design and Mechanics of Bucket Foundation Offshore Platform with Two Pillars;1101
15.1.1;1 Introduction;1101
15.1.2;2 Structural Design and Analysis Model;1102
15.1.3;3 Static Analysis of the Structure;1103
15.1.4;4 Dynamic Response Analysis;1106
15.1.5;5 Conclusion;1108
15.1.6;References;1108
15.2;Study on Percolation Mechanism and Water Curtain Control of Underground Water Seal Oil Cavern;1126
15.2.1;1 Introduction;1126
15.2.2;2 Fundamental of Oil or Gas Sealing under Underground Storage;1127
15.2.3;3 Critical Storage Pressure;1129
15.2.4;3 Water Curtain System Evaluation;1130
15.2.5;4 Conclusions;1131
15.2.6;References;1131
15.3;Think about Structural Fail State to Solve Geometric Reliability;1149
15.3.1;1 Introduction;1149
15.3.2;2 Penalty Method of Solving Geometric Reliability;1150
15.4;Research on the Optimum Stiffness of Top Outriggers in Frame- Core Structure with Strengthened Story;1159
15.4.1;1 Introduction;1159
15.4.2;2 Lateral Deflection Analysis of Frame-Core Structure with Top Outriggers;1160
15.4.3;3 Analysis of the Optimum Stiffness of Horizontal Outriggers for Frame- Core Structure with Top Horizontal Outriggers;1163
15.4.4;4 Case Study;1164
15.4.5;5 Conclusions;1165
15.4.6;References;1166
15.5;Analysis Model for Concrete Infill Slit-Wall;1173
15.5.1;1 Overview;1173
15.5.2;2 Analysis of Model;1174
15.5.3;3 Analysis Models of Slit-wall;1175
15.5.4;4 Results of the Wall-Frame Model, Cross Braces Model and Shear Plate model;1177
15.5.5;5 Conclusions;1178
15.5.6;References;1179
15.6;Test Data Processing Method of Fracture Experiments of Dam Concrete for Inverse Analysis;1180
15.6.1;1 Introduction;1181
15.6.2;2 Test Data Preliminary Processing of Wedge-Splitting Specimens of Dam Concrete;1182
15.6.3;3 Data Processing of Companion Specimens;1183
15.6.4;4 Determination of Measured P-CMOD Curve for Inverse Analysis;1186
15.6.5;5 Conclusions;1187
15.6.6;Acknowledgments;1187
15.6.7;References;1188
15.7;Surface Reconstruction of the “False” Tools to Compensate for the Springback in Sheet Forming Process;1189
15.7.1;1 Introduction;1190
15.7.2;2 Methodology and Key Techniques;1191
15.7.3;3 Numerical Validation;1195
15.7.4;4 Conclusions and Discussions;1196
15.7.5;References;1197
15.8;Secondary Development of FLAC3D and Application of Naylor K-G Constitutive Model;1205
15.8.1;1 Introduction;1205
15.8.2;2 Secondary Development Environment of;1206
15.8.3;FLAC3D;1206
15.8.4;3 Mathematical Expression of Modified Naylor K-G Constitutive Model;1207
15.8.5;4 Development Process of FLAC3D Constitutive Model;1208
15.8.6;5 Example Verification;1208
15.8.7;6 Conclusions;1210
15.8.8;References;1211
15.9;Experimental Validation on the Simulation of Steel Frame Joint with Several Frictional Contacts;1212
15.9.1;1 Introduction;1212
15.9.2;2 Finite Element Model;1213
15.9.3;3 Experimental Validation;1215
15.9.4;3.1 Validation of Friction Component;1216
15.9.5;4 Conclusion;1218
15.9.6;Acknowledgements;1219
15.9.7;References:;1219
15.10;Numerical Investigation on Tubular Joints Strengthened by Collar Plate;1220
15.10.1;1 Introduction;1220
15.10.2;2 FE Analysis of Collar Plate Reinforced Tubular Joints;1221
15.10.3;3 Investigation of Reinforcing Efficiency of Collar Plate on Tubular Joints;1225
15.10.4;4 Conclusions;1226
15.10.5;Acknowledgements;1227
15.10.6;References;1227
15.11;Research on Structural Health Monitoring of Seaport Wharf;1228
15.11.1;1 Introduction;1228
15.11.2;2 Failure Mode and Structure Health Monitoring Indictors of Seaport Wharfs;1229
15.11.3;3 Application of the Health Monitoring for Wharfs;1232
15.11.4;4 Conclusions and Suggestions;1235
15.11.5;References;1236
15.12;Quantity of Flow through a Typical Dam of Anisotropic Permeability;1237
15.12.1;1 Introduction;1237
15.12.2;2 Hydraulic Conductivity;1238
15.12.3;3 Simplified Fluid Flow Steady State;1239
15.12.4;4 Classical Solution;1240
15.12.5;5 Verification;1241
15.12.6;6 Soil of Anisotropic Permeability;1242
15.12.7;6 Conclusions;1243
15.12.8;Acknowledgments;1244
15.12.9;References;1244