Besdo / Heimann / Klüppel Elastomere Friction

Theory, Experiment and Simulation
2011
ISBN: 978-3-642-10657-6
Verlag: Springer
Format: PDF
Kopierschutz: 1 - PDF Watermark

E-Book, Englisch, Band 51, 250 Seiten

Reihe: Lecture Notes in Applied and Computational Mechanics

Modelling of Dry andWet Friction of Silica Filled Elastomers on Self-Affine Road Surfaces.- Micromechanics of Internal Friction of Filler Reinforced Elastomers.- Multi-Scale Approach for Frictional Contact of Elastomers on Rough Rigid Surfaces.- Thermal Effects and Dissipation in a Model of Rubber Phenomenology.- Finite Element Techniques for Rolling RubberWheels.- Simulation and Experimental Investigations of the Dynamic Interaction between Tyre Tread Block and Road.- Micro Texture Characterization and Prognosis of the Maximum Traction between Grosch Wheel and Asphalt Surfaces underWet Conditions.

Autoren/Hrsg.

Besdo, Dieter

Heimann, Bodo

Klüppel, Manfred

Kröger, Matthias

Wriggers, Peter

Nackenhorst, Udo

Inhaltsverzeichnis

1;Preface;6
2;Contents;8
3;Modelling of Dry and Wet Friction of Silica Filled Elastomers on Self-Affine Road Surfaces;9
3.1;Introduction;9
3.2;Theory;10
3.2.1;Analysis of Self-Affine Surfaces;10
3.2.2;Hysteresis Friction Simulation;12
3.2.3;Adhesion Friction Fitting;13
3.3;Experimental Methods and Proceedings;14
3.3.1;Surface Properties;14
3.3.2;Material Preparation and Properties;16
3.3.3;Friction Experiments and Simulations;16
3.4;Results and Discussion;17
3.4.1;Viscoelastic Properties;17
3.4.2;Friction Measurements;24
3.4.3;Adapting Friction Simulation to Wet and Dry Measurements;25
3.4.4;Contact Simulations;27
3.5;Conclusions;32
3.6;References;33
4;Micromechanics of Internal Friction of Filler Reinforced Elastomers;35
4.1;Introduction;35
4.2;Experimental;38
4.2.1;Sample Preparation;38
4.2.2;Multihysteresis Measurements;39
4.3;Theory;40
4.3.1;Stress Softening and Hysteresis;42
4.3.2;Hydrodynamic Strain Amplification;44
4.3.3;Constance of Volume;45
4.3.4;Dependence on Temperature;47
4.4;Results and Discussion;48
4.4.1;Uniaxial Compression-Tension Test of Unfilled Rubber;48
4.4.2;Adaptation of the Model for Various Filled Rubbers in Tension;48
4.4.3;CB-Filled Rubber in Combined Compression-Tension Test;51
4.4.4;CB-Filled Rubber at Varied Particle Size and Temperature;53
4.4.5;Finite-Element (FE) Simulation of a Rolling GROSCH Wheel;56
4.5;Conclusions;58
4.6;References;59
5;Multi-scale Approach for Frictional Contact of Elastomers on Rough Rigid Surfaces;61
5.1;Introduction;61
5.2;Multiscale Approach;64
5.2.1;Formulation of the Multi-scale Approach;65
5.3;Constitutive Model for Elastomers;68
5.4;Rough Surface Description;70
5.4.1;Sine Wave;71
5.4.2;Application of the Approximation to a Rough Surface;73
5.5;Contact;76
5.5.1;Contact Kinematics and Interface Constraints;76
5.6;Numerical Results;79
5.6.1;System and Loading;80
5.6.2;Results on Microscale;81
5.6.3;Meso- and Macroscopic Results;84
5.6.4;True Contact Area;86
5.7;Adhesion;90
5.7.1;FEM;91
5.7.2;Adhesion Parameters;93
5.7.3;Numerical Results;94
5.8;ThermalEffects;96
5.8.1;Basic Equations;96
5.8.2;Friction Test;98
5.9;Conclusions;100
5.10;References;100
6;Thermal Effects and Dissipation in a Model of Rubber Phenomenology;103
6.1;Introduction;103
6.2;The Standard Rubber Model MORPH;104
6.3;Implementation of Thermal Effects;106
6.3.1;Experimental Data for Thermal Effects in Six Rubber Compounds;106
6.3.2;Programs for Simulating Experiments and Identifying All Material Constants;108
6.3.3;Results for Thermal Effects in MORPH Model;110
6.4;Reversible Energy and Irreversible Dissipation;117
6.4.1;Large and Small Tensional Cycles;118
6.4.2;Derivation of an Energy Density for Additional Stresses;119
6.4.3;Simulations with New Energy Density;123
6.4.4;Discussion;127
6.5;Conclusion;128
6.6;References;129
7;Finite Element Techniques for Rolling Rubber Wheels;130
7.1;Introduction;130
7.2;Relative Kinematic Framework for Rolling Contact;132
7.3;Constitutive Modelling of Rubber;134
7.3.1;Continuum Mechanics Damage Model;137
7.3.2;Pseudo-Elastic Damage Model;138
7.4;Treatment of Inelastic Behavior within the ALE Description of Rolling;141
7.4.1;The Fractional-Step Strategy;141
7.4.2;Numerical Methods for Advection Dominated Problems;142
7.4.3;Comparison of Numerical Advection Schemes;146
7.4.4;Numerical Benchmark;149
7.5;Treatment of Friction within the ALE Formulation of Rolling Bodies;152
7.6;Numerical Examples;158
7.6.1;Grosch Wheel;159
7.6.2;Tire Model;163
7.7;Remark to the Computational Effort;165
7.8;Summery and Conclusions;166
7.9;References;168
8;Simulation and Experimental Investigations of the Dynamic Interaction between Tyre Tread Block and Road;171
8.1;Introduction;171
8.2;Modular Tread Block Model;172
8.2.1;Module 1: Dynamic Tread Block Description;174
8.2.2;Module 2: Local Friction Characteristic;178
8.2.3;Module 3: Non-linear Contact Stiffness;180
8.2.4;Module 4: Wear;184
8.3;Parameter Identification;185
8.3.1;Identification of Elasticity Modulus and Damping Coefficient;185
8.3.2;Identification of Density;188
8.3.3;Optimisation of Number of Modes;188
8.3.4;Identification of Local Friction Characteristic;189
8.3.5;Identification of Non-linear Contact Stiffness;191
8.3.6;Identification of Wear Coefficients;192
8.4;Simulations;193
8.4.1;Stationary Tread Block Behaviour;194
8.4.2;Influence of Wear;195
8.4.3;Dynamic Tread Block Behaviour;196
8.4.4;Comparison with Experiment;198
8.4.5;Rolling Contact;199
8.5;Conclusion;203
8.6;References;204
9;Micro Texture Characterization and Prognosis of the Maximum Traction between Grosch Wheel and Asphalt Surfaces under Wet Conditions;207
9.1;Introduction;207
9.1.1;Mechanisms of Rubber Friction;209
9.1.2;Maximum Traction under Wet Conditions;209
9.1.3;Advantage of the Grosch Wheel;210
9.2;Experimental Investigation of the Process;211
9.2.1;Reproducibility of the Friction Measurement;212
9.2.2;Influence of Wheel Load;214
9.2.3;Influence of Speed and Temperature;216
9.2.4;Influence of Rubber Compound;219
9.3;Pavement Roughness Grip and Grip Index;220
9.3.1;The Grip Index;220
9.3.2;Characterization of the Pavement Micro Texture;221
9.3.3;Contact Depth Model;222
9.3.4;Correlation between the Grip Index and Contact Depth Model Descriptors;223
9.4;Conclusion;225
9.5;References;226
10;Experimental and Theoretical Investigations on the Dynamic Contact Behavior of Rolling Rubber Wheels;227
10.1;Introduction;227
10.2;Measurements;228
10.2.1;Moving Test Rig;229
10.2.2;Steady Measurements;230
10.2.3;Unsteady Measurements;232
10.3;Rolling Contact Model;235
10.3.1;Efficient Structure Modeling;236
10.3.2;Simulation;241
10.3.3;Identification of Parameters;242
10.4;Results and Validations;245
10.4.1;Steady Results;245
10.4.2;Unsteady Results;249
10.5;Conclusions;253
10.6;References;254
11;Author Index;256