E-Book, Englisch, 256 Seiten, EPUB
ISBN: 978-1-4008-4129-5
Verlag: De Gruyter
Format: EPUB
Kopierschutz: Adobe DRM (»Systemvoraussetzungen)
Among the sources of the poverty of nations, the authors assign a primary role to social and political institutions, ranging from corruption to seemingly benign social customs such as kin systems. Many of the institutions that keep nations poor have deep roots in colonial history and persist long after their initial causes are gone.
Neighborhood effects--influences such as networks, role models, and aspirations--can create hard-to-escape pockets of poverty even in rich countries. Similar individuals in dissimilar socioeconomic environments develop different preferences and beliefs that can transmit poverty or affluence from generation to generation. The book presents evidence of harmful neighborhood effects and discusses policies to overcome them, with attention to the uncertainty that exists in evaluating such policies.
Autoren/Hrsg.
Fachgebiete
- Sozialwissenschaften Soziologie | Soziale Arbeit Spezielle Soziologie Soziale Ungleichheit, Armut, Rassismus
- Sozialwissenschaften Soziologie | Soziale Arbeit Soziale Gruppen/Soziale Themen Wohnen & Obdachlosigkeit
- Wirtschaftswissenschaften Volkswirtschaftslehre Volkswirtschaftslehre Allgemein
- Wirtschaftswissenschaften Volkswirtschaftslehre Internationale Wirtschaft Entwicklungsökonomie & Emerging Markets
Weitere Infos & Material
Acknowledgments vii
Introduction by Samuel Bowles, Steven N. Durlauf, and Karla Hoff 1
Part One: Threshold Effects 15
Chapter 1: The Theory of Poverty Traps What Have We Learned? by Costas Azariadis 17
Part Two: by Institutions 41
Chapter 2: The Persistence of Poverty in the Americas The Role of Institutions by Stanley L. Engerman and Kenneth L. Sokoloff 43
Chapter 3: Parasites by Halvor Mehlum, Karl Moene, and Ragnar Torvik 79
Chapter 4: The Kin System as a Poverty Trap? byKarla Hoff and Arijit Sen 95
Chapter 5: Institutional Poverty Traps by Samuel Bowles 116
Part Three: Neighborhood Effects 139
Chapter 6: Groups, Social Influences, and Inequality by Steven N. Durlauf 141
Chapter 7: Durable Inequality Spatial Dynamics, Social Processes, and the Persistence of Poverty in Chicago Neighborhoods by Robert J. Sampson and Jeffrey D. Morenoff 176
Chapter 8: Spatial Concentration and Social Stratification Does the Clustering of Disadvantage "Beget " Bad Outcomes?? by Michael E. Sobel 204
Contributors 231
Index 233