Branchini Waste-to-Energy

Advanced Cycles and New Design Concepts for Efficient Power Plants
2015
ISBN: 978-3-319-13608-0
Verlag: Springer Nature Switzerland
Format: PDF
Kopierschutz: 1 - PDF Watermark

E-Book, Englisch, 150 Seiten

This book provides an overview of state-of-the-art technologies for energy conversion from waste, as well as a much-needed guide to new and advanced strategies to increase Waste-to-Energy (WTE) plant efficiency. Beginning with an overview of municipal solid waste production and disposal, basic concepts related to Waste-To-Energy conversion processes are described, highlighting the most relevant aspects impacting the thermodynamic efficiency of WTE power plants. The pervasive influences of main steam cycle parameters and plant configurations on WTE efficiency are detailed and quantified. Advanced hybrid technology applications, particularly the Hybrid Combined Cycle concept, are examined in detail, including an illuminating compare-and-contrast study of two basic types of hybrid dual-fuel combined cycle arrangements: steam/water side integrated HCC and windbox repowering.

Dr. Lisa Branchini is an Industrial Energy Systems R&D specialist in electricity and heat generation. Her research focus are innovative technologies for biomass & bioenergy systems, and their integration into the grid to improve the overall system efficiency.

Autoren/Hrsg.

Branchini, Lisa

Inhaltsverzeichnis

1;Preface;6
2;Contents;10
3;List of Abbreviations;13
4;Part I;16
4.1;WTE State-of-the-Art;16
4.1.1;Chapter-1;17
4.1.1.1;Introduction;17
4.1.1.1.1;References;19
4.1.2;Chapter-2;20
4.1.2.1;Municipal Waste Overview;20
4.1.2.1.1;2.1 Municipal Solid Waste Definition and Management System Hierarchy;20
4.1.2.1.2;2.2 Overview on Waste Production and Disposal for European Countries;22
4.1.2.1.2.1;2.2.1 Overview on Municipal Solid Waste Production and Disposal in Italy;25
4.1.2.1.3;2.3 Average Costs of Municipal Solid Waste Landfill;26
4.1.2.1.4;References;29
4.1.3;Chapter-3;31
4.1.3.1;Waste-to-Energy;31
4.1.3.1.1;3.1 Basics of a WTE Power Plant;31
4.1.3.1.1.1;3.1.1 Waste Delivery and Storage Section;32
4.1.3.1.1.2;3.1.2 The Combustion Section;33
4.1.3.1.1.3;3.1.3 The Energy Recovery Section;38
4.1.3.1.1.3.1;3.1.3.1 Corrosion Protection;40
4.1.3.1.2;3.2 WTE Plant Distribution in the European Scenario;42
4.1.3.1.2.1;3.2.1 WTE Plant Efficiency in a Representative National Scenario;43
4.1.3.1.3;3.3 EU Regulation Framework Oriented to WTE Efficiency;45
4.1.3.1.4;References;48
5;Part II;49
5.1;WTE Thermodynamic Analysis;49
5.1.1;Chapter-4;50
5.1.1.1;Waste-to-Energy Steam Cycle;50
5.1.1.1.1;4.1 Steam Cycle State-of-the-Art Parameters and Layout;50
5.1.1.1.2;4.2 Steam Cycle Upgrade: Effects on Cycle Efficiency;55
5.1.1.1.3;4.3 New Designs for High-Efficient WTE Plant;60
5.1.1.1.4;References;64
6;Part III;66
6.1;WTE Advanced Cycles;66
6.1.1;Chapter-5;67
6.1.1.1;Waste-to-Energy and Gas Turbine: Hybrid Combined Cycle Concept;67
6.1.1.1.1;5.1 The HCC Concept;67
6.1.1.1.1.1;5.1.1 WTE-GT Steam/Waterside Integration;69
6.1.1.1.1.2;5.1.2 WTE-GT Windbox Integration;71
6.1.1.1.2;5.2 State-of-the-Art on Integrated WTE–GT;73
6.1.1.1.3;5.3 Existing WTE–GT Integrated Power Plants;74
6.1.1.1.3.1;5.3.1 Zabalgarbi WTE–GT Power Plant: The SENER Solution;75
6.1.1.1.3.2;5.3.2 Moerdijk WTE–GT Power Plant: The Dutch Solution;77
6.1.1.1.3.3;5.3.3 Takahama WTE–GT Power Plant: The Japanese Solution;78
6.1.1.1.4;References;79
6.1.2;Chapter-6;81
6.1.2.1;WTE–GT Steam/Waterside Integration: Thermodynamic Analysis on One Pressure Level;81
6.1.2.1.1;6.1 Thermodynamic Analysis of Steam Production;81
6.1.2.1.1.1;6.1.1 Influence of Evaporative Pressure and GT Outlet Temperature on Steam Production;86
6.1.2.1.2;6.2 Numerical Results;88
6.1.2.1.2.1;6.2.1 Optimum Plant Match in Terms of Electric Power Ratio;90
6.1.2.1.2.2;6.2.2 Traditional WTE vs. Integrated Plant: Steam Turbine Capacity;91
6.1.2.1.3;6.3 Conclusion;93
6.1.2.1.4;6.4 WTE–GT Proposed Layouts for a One Pressure Level HRSG;93
6.1.2.1.5;6.5 Comparative Results of WTE–GT One Pressure Level Integrated Layouts;114
6.1.2.1.6;References;119
7;Part IV;120
7.1;Performance and Efficiency Conversion Issues;120
7.1.1;Chapter-7;121
7.1.1.1;Performance Indexes and Output Allocation for Multi-fuel Energy Systems;121
7.1.1.1.1;7.1 Context;121
7.1.1.1.2;7.2 Performance Evaluation of an MF Energy System;123
7.1.1.1.2.1;7.2.1 MF Energy System Arrangement;123
7.1.1.1.2.2;7.2.2 Indexes for MF Energy System Performance Evaluation;124
7.1.1.1.2.2.1;7.2.2.1 First Law Efficiency;124
7.1.1.1.2.2.2;7.2.2.2 Electric Equivalent Efficiency;124
7.1.1.1.2.2.3;7.2.2.3 Relative SI;126
7.1.1.1.2.2.4;7.2.2.4 MF SI;127
7.1.1.1.2.3;7.2.3 Useful Output Allocation to Each ith Fuel;129
7.1.1.1.2.3.1;7.2.3.1 Allocation Approach #1;129
7.1.1.1.2.3.2;7.2.3.2 Allocation Approach #2;129
7.1.1.1.3;7.3 Application Example: Two-fuel Co-combustion Power Plant;130
7.1.1.1.4;7.4 Conclusions;133
7.1.1.1.5;References;134
7.1.2;Chapter-8;135
7.1.2.1;Specific Application Cases with GT Commercial Units;135
7.1.2.1.1;8.1 Midsize WTE Reference Steam Cycle;135
7.1.2.1.2;8.2 WTE Integration with GT Units: Investigated Layout Cases and Results;138
7.1.2.1.2.1;8.2.1 GT Unit Selection;140
7.1.2.1.2.2;8.2.2 WTE–GT Integrated Plant Numerical Results;141
7.1.2.1.3;8.3 Conclusion;146
7.1.2.1.4;References;147
8;Index;148