Chester / Derouane Zeolite Characterization and Catalysis

A Tutorial
1. Auflage 2009
ISBN: 978-1-4020-9678-5
Verlag: Springer Netherlands
Format: PDF
Kopierschutz: 1 - PDF Watermark

E-Book, Englisch, 360 Seiten

The idea for putting together a tutorial on zeolites came originally from my co-editor, Eric Derouane, about 5 years ago. I ?rst met Eric in the mid-1980s when he spent 2 years working for Mobil R&D at our then Corporate lab at Princeton, NJ. He was on the senior technical staff with projects in the synthesis and characterization of new materials. At that time, I managed a group at our Paulsboro lab that was responsible for catalyst characterization in support of our catalyst and process development efforts, and also had a substantial group working on new material synthesis. Hence, our interests overlapped considerably and we met regularly. After Eric moved back to Namur (initially), we maintained contact, and in the 1990s, we met a number of times in Europe on projects of joint interest. It was after I retired from ExxonMobil in 2002 that we began to discuss the tutorial concept seriously. Eric had (semi-)retired and lived on the Algarve, the southern coast of Portugal. In January 2003, my wife and I spent 3 weeks outside of Lagos, and I worked parts of most days with Eric on the proposed content of the book. We decided on a comprehensive approach that ultimately amounted to some 20+ chapters covering all of zeolite chemistry and catalysis and gave it the title Zeolite Chemistry and Catalysis: An integrated Approach and Tutorial.

The Authors are eminent and highly respected in the field of zeolites and molecular sieves. Dr. Derouane has an international reputation for excellence in research of zeolites. Dr. Chester has over 60 US patents in the area and has practised all aspects of zeolite science industrially for at least 30 years.

Autoren/Hrsg.

Derouane, E.G.

Chester, Arthur W.

Derouane, E. G.

Inhaltsverzeichnis

1;Preface;5
1.1;A Brief Introduction to Zeolites;6
2;Contents;16
3;Contributors;17
4;1 Powder Diffraction in Zeolite Science;19
4.1;1.1 Introduction;19
4.2;1.2 Lattice Spacings, Unit Cells, Crystal Symmetry, and Space Groups;21
4.3;1.3 Fundamentals of Diffraction and Reciprocal Space;22
4.4;1.4 Single Crystal Diffraction;26
4.5;1.5 Intensity From Diffraction;27
4.6;1.6 X-Ray Diffraction;33
4.7;1.7 Neutron Diffraction;37
4.8;1.8 Powder Diffraction;39
4.9;1.9 Systematic Absences in Diffraction Patterns;43
4.10;1.10 Phase Identification, Unit Cell Refinement, and Lattice Substitution;44
4.11;1.11 Factors Affecting Peak Profiles in Powder Diffraction;49
4.12;1.12 Absorption;58
4.13;1.13 Preferred Orientation and Graininess;60
4.14;1.14 Structure Determination;63
4.15;1.15 Diffuse Scattering from Materials with One-Dimensional Planar Disorder;75
4.16;References;80
5;2 Solid-State NMR Spectroscopy;83
5.1;Abbreviations;83
5.2;2.1 Introduction;84
5.3;2.2 Fundamentals of Solid-State NMR Spectroscopy;86
5.4;2.3 Solid-State NMR Techniques;89
5.5;2.4 Investigation of the Zeolite Framework;96
5.6;2.5 Investigation of Extra-Framework Cations;102
5.7;2.6 Investigation of Surface OH Groups;105
5.8;2.7 Investigation of Surface Sites by Probe Molecules;109
5.9;References;115
6;3 Determination of Acid/Base Properties by Temperature Programmed Desorption ( TPD) and Adsorption Calorimetry;124
6.1;3.1 Introduction;124
6.2;3.2 Experimental Techniques;126
6.3;3.3 Probe Molecules;145
6.4;3.4 Comparison of Adsorption Calorimetry and TPD Methods for the Determination of Acidic Properties of ZSM- 5 and Y Zeolites: A Case Study;158
6.5;3.5 Conclusion;179
6.6;References;179
7;4 Electron Microscopy and Imaging;185
7.1;4.1 Zeolite Morphologies;185
7.2;4.2 Electron Microscopy;186
7.3;References;205
8;5 Infrared and Raman Spectroscopy;213
8.1;5.1 Introduction;213
8.2;5.2 Infrared Spectroscopy;214
8.3;5.3 Raman Spectroscopy;215
8.4;5.4 Framework Vibrations;216
8.5;5.5 OH Groups;219
8.6;5.6 Bro ¨nsted vs. Lewis Acid Sites;223
8.7;5.7 Basic Sites;224
8.8;5.8 Adsorbed Species;225
8.9;5.9 In Situ Studies of Reaction Mechanisms;228
8.10;5.10 Concluding Remarks;233
8.11;References;233
9;6 Computational Approach in Zeolite Science;239
9.1;6.1 Introduction;239
9.2;6.2 Prediction of Structure (Static Lattice Methods);240
9.3;6.3 Molecular Adsorption (Monte Carlo Simulations);244
9.4;6.4 Diffusion (Molecular Dynamics Simulations);248
9.5;6.5 Reactivity and Chemical Properties (Quantum Chemical Methods);253
9.6;References;263
10;7 Reactions of C1 Building Blocks;267
10.1;7.1 Dehydroaromatization of Methane;267
10.2;7.2 Methanol to Hydrocarbons (MTHC);274
10.3;References;288
11;8 Applications in Synthesis of Commodities and Fine Chemicals;291
11.1;8.1 Introduction;291
11.2;8.2 Electrophilic Substitution of Aromatics;293
11.3;8.3 Acid-Catalysed Rearrangements;309
11.4;8.4 Synthesis of Amines;321
11.5;8.5 Diels-Alder Cycloadditions;325
11.6;8.6 Redox Reactions;328
11.7;8.7 Stereoselective Reactions;346
11.8;8.8 Cascade One-Pot Reactions on Bifunctional Catalysts;351
11.9;8.9 Conclusions;356
11.10;References;358
12;Index;364