Cranbrook Key Environments: Malaysia

1. Auflage 2013
ISBN: 978-1-4832-8598-6
Verlag: Elsevier Science & Techn.
Format: PDF
Kopierschutz: 1 - PDF Watermark

E-Book, Englisch, 330 Seiten, Web PDF

Reihe: Key Environment Series

Of the vast area of structurally similar vegetation that forms the Far Eastern tropical rain forest block, only the forests of peninsular Malaysia lie on the mainland of Asia. Although showing some influence from this source, the flora and fauna are distinctive and exceedingly rich in species. Among other factors, this richness reflects the complex structure of the vegetation, justly famous for the extensive stands of tall trees that create the conditions to which many smaller plants, fungi and a huge variety of animals are adapted. After a century of scientific investigation, it is now possible to understand peninsular Malaysia's complex ecosystem as an essential prerequisite to the successful management for conservation and long-term productivity in the area. Compiled by authors with personal experience of the region, this book constitutes the most authoritative account of this diverse and fragile region. It is essential reading for all those interested in Malaysia and its conservation.

Autoren/Hrsg.

Cranbrook, Earl of

Inhaltsverzeichnis

1;Front Cover;1
2;Key Environments: Malaysia;6
3;Copyright Page;7
4;Table of Contents;12
5;Preface;10
6;Chapter 1. The physical setting;14
6.1;1.1. LANDFORMS;14
6.2;1.2. CLIMATE;18
6.3;1.3. SOILS;21
6.4;1.4. PAST CHANGES IN LANDFORM AND LAND AREA;22
6.5;1.5. STRATIGRAPHY AND GEOLOGICAL HISTORY;25
6.6;REFERENCES;31
7;Chapter 2. Forest types and forest zonation;33
7.1;2 1 . INTRODUCTION;33
7.2;2.2. THE FOREST FORMATIONS;34
7.3;2.3. VARIATION WITHIN LOWLAND EVERGREEN RAIN FOREST;40
7.4;BIBLIOGRAPHY;43
8;Chapter 3. The dipterocarps;44
8.1;3.1. THE FAMILY DIPTEROCARPACEAE;44
8.2;3.2. THE GENERA A N D SPECIES OF DIPTEROCARPOIDEAE;45
8.3;3.3. ECOLOGICAL NOTES;46
8.4;3.4. RESEARCH ON DIPTEROCARPACEAE;48
8.5;REFERENCES;49
9;Chapter 5. Forest bamboos;62
9.1;5.1. INTRODUCTION;62
9.2;5.2. GROWTH FORM DIVERSITY;64
9.3;5.3. BAMBOOS OF MONTANE FORESTS;65
9.4;5.4. BAMBOO OF LOWLAND AND HILL FORESTS;66
9.5;5.5. CONCLUSIONS;68
9.6;ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS;68
9.7;REFERENCES;68
10;Chapter 6. Herbaceous Flowering Plants;69
10.1;6.1. INTRODUCTION;69
10.2;6.2. HABITATS OF FOREST HERBS;71
10.3;6.3. MORPHOLOGICAL DIVERSITY;73
10.4;6.4. THE BIOLOGY OF HERBACEOUS PLANTS;77
10.5;6.5. NUTRITIONAL DIVERSITY;82
10.6;6.6. CONSERVATION;85
10.7;REFERENCES;88
11;Chapter 7. Ferns;90
11.1;7.1. Introduction;90
11.2;7.2. Fern habitats;91
11.3;7.3. Altitudinal zonation;91
11.4;7.4. The fern;93
11.5;7.5. Taxonomic problems;97
12;Chapter 8. Higher fungi;101
12.1;8.1. Introduction;101
12.2;8.2. Seasons of fruiting;102
12.3;8.3. Habits of growth;103
12.4;8.4. Special habitats;106
12.5;8.5. Edibility;109
12.6;8.6. Luminescence;110
12.7;8.7. Identification;110
12.8;8.8. Evolutionary significance;112
12.9;8.9. Collecting;112
13;Chapter 9. Forest tree biology;115
13.1;9.1. TAXONOMIC AND SPATIAL DIVERSITY;115
13.2;9.2. THE EVERGREEN CONDITION;118
13.3;9.3. TREE-BUILDING;120
13.4;9.4. PHENOLOGY;121
13.5;9.5. POLLINATION ECOLOGY;127
13.6;9.6. DISPERSAL;129
13.7;9.7. GERMINATION;133
13.8;9.8. APPENDIX;135
13.9;REFERENCES;137
14;Chapter 10.Forest Management;139
14.1;10.1. Introduction;139
14.2;10.2. The resource;139
14.3;10.3. Historical perspective;143
14.4;10.4. National forest policy;144
14.5;10.5. Logging management;145
14.6;10.6. Silviculture;146
14.7;10.7. Conclusion;149
14.8;REFERENCES;150
15;Chapter 11.Mammals: Genetic Diversity and Evolution;151
15.1;11.1. Introduction;151
15.2;11.2. Diversity at the higher taxonomic level;151
15.3;11.3. Interspecific diversity;152
15.4;11.4. Intraspecific diversity;155
15.5;11.5. Evolution of diversity;156
15.6;11.6. Genetic resources;157
15.7;REFERENCES;157
16;Chapter 12. Mammals: distribution and ecology;159
16.1;12.1. Introduction;159
16.2;12.2. Forest-adapted mammals;160
16.3;12.3. Zoogeography and local distribution;160
16.4;12.4. Habitat partitioning;165
16.5;12.5. Daily activity cycles;172
16.6;12.6. Reproductive cycles;173
16.7;12.7. Population densities;175
16.8;12.8. Management and conservation;177
17;Chapter 13. Birds;180
17.1;13.1. Introduction;180
17.2;13.2. Habitat communities;181
17.3;13.3. Origins and affinities;182
17.4;13.4. Forest birds on sea islands;184
17.5;13.5. Diversity;184
17.6;13.6. Patterns in the use of forest resources;186
17.7;13.7. Seasonality;195
17.8;13.8. Life history parameters;199
17.9;13.9. Migrants;201
17.10;13.10. Response to habitat disturbance;204
17.11;REFERENCES;207
18;Chapter 14. Termites;209
18.1;14.1. Introduction;209
18.2;14.2. The termites of Peninsular Malaysia;211
18.3;14.3. Ecological impact;217
18.4;14.4. Conclusions;222
19;Chapter 15. Forest Lepidoptera;225
19.1;15.1. Introduction;225
19.2;15.2. Distribution;226
19.3;15.3. Blood-suckers;230
19.4;15.4. Mimicry, polymorphism, duplex species, etc;231
19.5;15.5. Diversity;233
19.6;15.6. Foodplant relationships;234
19.7;15.7. Conclusion;235
20;Chapter 16. Fresh waters;238
20.1;16.1. Introduction;238
20.2;16.2. Hydrology;239
20.3;16.3. Classification of flowing waters;241
20.4;16.4. Physical and chemical features;243
20.5;16.5. Biota;246
21;Chapter 17. Animal conservation strategies;264
21.1;17.1. Introduction;264
21.2;17.2. Early wildlife legislation;265
21.3;17.3. Recent advances in wildlife protection;267
21.4;17.4. Game reserves and national parks;268
21.5;17.5. Public interest in conservation;268
21.6;17.6. Effects of development on wildlife;270
21.7;17.7. The significance of national parks, wildlife reserves and sanctuaries;271
21.8;17.8. The way forward: problems and solutions;272
21.9;17.9. Wildlife values;274
21.10;17.10. Pressing issues in species management;275
21.11;17.11. A wildlife plan;276
21.12;17.12. The Centralization of the Department of Wildlife and National Parks;277
21.13;17.13. Conclusion;279
21.14;17.14. Appendix 1;279
21.15;17.15. Appendix 2;282
22;Chapter 18. People of the forest;286
22.1;18.1. Introduction;286
22.2;18.2. .Diversity, distribution and population;287
22.3;18.3. Orang Asli impact on their environment;290
22.4;18.4. Conclusions;298
22.5;18.5 Appendix ;299
22.6;ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS;300
22.7;REFERENCES;300
23;Species Index;302
24;Subject Index;316