Henisch / Roy / Cross Phase Transitions - 1973

Proceedings of the Conference on Phase Transitions and Their Applications in Materials Science, University Park, Pennsylvania, May 23-25, 1973
1. Auflage 2013
ISBN: 978-1-4831-5862-4
Verlag: Elsevier Science & Techn.
Format: PDF
Kopierschutz: 1 - PDF Watermark

E-Book, Englisch, 454 Seiten, Web PDF

Phase Transitions - 1973 is a collection of the proceedings of the Conference on Phase Transitions and Their Applications in Materials Science, held at Pennsylvania State University, Pennsylvania, on May 23-25, 1973. The papers explore some of the practical applications of solid-state phase transitions and consequent precursor property modifications in metals, ceramics, glasses, polymers, macromolecules, and biological systems. Comprised of 41 chapters, this book begins with an introduction to applications of phase transitions in materials science, followed by a syncretist classification of phase transitions. Subsequent chapters discuss phase transitions in materials such as liquid crystals, PLZT ceramics, disordered semiconductors, silver iodide single crystals, and aluminum alloys. The structural aspects of phase transitions are also considered, along with the statistical mechanics of glass transition; thermal expansion and phase transitions in silica; phase transformation of Fe-Mn alloys induced by shock loading; and order-disorder transitions in biopolymers. This monograph will be of interest to physicists and materials scientists.

Autoren/Hrsg.

Henisch, H. K.

Roy, R.

Cross, L. E.

Inhaltsverzeichnis

1;Front Cover;1
2;Phase Transitions - 1973;2
3;Copyright Page;3
4;Table of Contents;6
5;FOREWORD;5
6;CHAPTER 1. APPLICATIONS OF PHASE TRANSITIONS IN MATERIALS SCIENCE;8
6.1;Metastable Phases;11
6.2;Physical Properties Near Tc;14
6.3;Physical Properties at Tc;16
6.4;References;18
7;CHAPTER 2. A SYNCRETIST CLASSIFICATION OF PHASE TRANSITIONS;20
7.1;Introduction: Historical Overview;20
7.2;Some Existing Confusion and Controversy;24
7.3;Some Definitions;26
7.4;Acknowledgement;33
7.5;References;33
8;CHAPTER 3. PHASE TRANSITIONS BETWEEN OPTICALLY DISTINGUISHABLE STATES AND SOME POTENTIAL APPLICATIONS;36
8.1;Introduction;37
8.2;Indices of Refraction in Different Phases of Matter;37
8.3;Unique Properties Influencing Applications of Phase Transitions;41
8.4;Types of Optically Distinquishable Phase Transitions;46
8.5;Phase Transitions.Optical Harmonic Generation,and Acentricitv;59
8.6;Conclusions;63
8.7;Acknowledgments;63
8.8;References;64
9;CHAPTER 4. PHASE TRANSITIONS IN LIQUID CRYSTALS;68
9.1;Introduction;68
9.2;General Remarks;69
9.3;Textures;70
9.4;Effect of Electric Fields;72
9.5;Conclusion;75
9.6;Bibliography;75
10;CHAPTER 5. ELECTRICALLY-CONTROLLED SECONDARY PHASE IN PLZT CERAMICS;78
10.1;Introduction;78
10.2;Experimental Procedures;79
10.3;Experimental Results;80
10.4;Conclusions;87
10.5;Acknowledgements;87
10.6;References;87
11;CHAPTER 6. LIGHT INDUCED TRANSFORMATIONS IN DISORDERED SEMICONDUCTORS;90
11.1;References;96
12;CHAPTER 7. OPTICAL STUDIES ON THE HIGH PRESSURE PHASE TRANSFORMATIONS IN SILVER IODIDE SINGLE CRYSTALS;98
12.1;Experimental Details;100
12.2;Results and Discussion;100
12.3;References;105
13;CHAPTER 8. AROUND THE MOTT TRANSITION IN BINARY TRANSITION METAL COMPOUNDS;108
13.1;References;119
14;CHAPTER 9. SELF CONSISTENT RANDOM STATIC FIELD APPROXIMATIONS IN THE ELECTRON CORRELATION PROBLEM;124
14.1;References;130
15;CHAPTER 10. FREE ENERGY MODEL OF HIGH TEMPERATURE TRANSITION IN Ti2O3 AND V2O3;132
15.1;Introduction;132
15.2;Experimental Situation;133
15.3;Previous Models and Energy Band Scheme;133
15.4;Hartree-Fock Free Energy Model;135
15.5;Conclusion;144
15.6;Acknowledgements;144
15.7;References;144
16;CHAPTER 11. THEORY OF SEMICONDUCTOR PHASE DIAGRAMS WITH APPLICATIONS;146
16.1;References;154
17;CHAPTER 12. STRUCTURAL ASPECTS OF PHASE TRANSITIONS;156
17.1;Introduction;156
17.2;The Glassy State and Tg;157
17.3;Phase Transitions in Polymers;159
17.4;Phase Transitions in Metals and Alloys;160
17.5;Magnetic Phase Transitions;163
17.6;Dielectric Phase Transitions;166
17.7;Ferroelastic Phase Transitions;170
17.8;Superconducting Phase Transitions;172
17.9;References;172
18;CHAPTER 13. LATTICE WAVE DESCRIPTION OF METALLURGICAL PHASE TRANSFORMATIONS;176
18.1;Introduction;176
18.2;The Omega Short Wavelength Displacive Transition;177
18.3;Ternary Replacive Instability;180
18.4;Conclusion;184
18.5;Acknowledgments;184
18.6;References;184
19;CHAPTER 14. NEUTRON STUDY OF THE BETA-TO-OMEGA INSTABILITY IN Zr0.80 Nb0.20;186
19.1;Introduction;186
19.2;Experimental Results;188
19.3;Conclusions;193
19.4;Acknowledgements;194
19.5;References;194
20;CHAPTER 15. SOME SURPRISES FROM RAMAN MEASUREMENTS OF DISPLACIVE FERROELECTRICS BELOW Tc;196
20.1;References;201
21;CHAPTER 16. WHAT GOOD ARE SOFT MODES?;202
21.1;Introduction;202
21.2;Field Tunable Soft Mode Frequencies;204
21.3;Field Tunable Order-Parameter and Soft-Mode Interactions;209
21.4;Soft Modes and Superconductivity;211
21.5;References;212
22;CHAPTER 17. PHASE DECOMPOSITION IN ALUMINUM ALLOYS QUENCHED FROM THE LIQUID STATE;214
22.1;Introduction;214
22.2;LQ Supersaturated Crystalline Solid Solutions;216
22.3;Precipitation in LQ Al-Base Alloys;218
22.4;Summary;226
22.5;Acknowledgement;226
22.6;References;226
23;CHAPTER 18. SHOCK WAVE TECHNIQUES FOR THE EXAMINATION OF PHASE TRANSITIONS;230
23.1;Introduction;230
23.2;Techniques;231
23.3;Other Methods;240
23.4;References;241
24;CHAPTER 19. PHASE TRANSITIONS IN MÖSSBAUER SPECTROSCOPY;242
24.1;Crystallographic Transformations;243
24.2;Metal-Insulator Transitions;244
24.3;Magnetic Phase Transitions;246
24.4;Other Phase Transitions;248
24.5;References;248
25;CHAPTER 20. THE STUDY OF PHASE TRANSITIONS BY RAMAN SPECTROSCOPY UNDER UNIAXIAL STRESS;250
25.1;Introduction;250
25.2;Experimental Methods;251
25.3;Experimental Results;253
25.4;Conclusions;257
25.5;References;258
26;CHAPTER 21. CONTINUOUS HEATING METHOD FOR HIGH RESOLUTION SPECIFIC HEAT MEASUREMENTS;260
26.1;Introduction;260
26.2;Apparatus;261
26.3;Method of Measurement;263
26.4;Analysis of Critical Data;265
26.5;Summary;268
26.6;Acknowledgement;269
26.7;References;269
27;CHAPTER 22. STATISTICAL MECHANICS OF THE GLASS TRANSITION;270
27.1;References;276
28;CHAPTER 23. EFFECTS OF MIXING AND ORDERING ON THE GLASS TRANSITION IN METALLIC GLASSES OF Pd-Ni-P AND Pt-Ni-P;278
28.1;Introduction;278
28.2;Experiment and Results;279
28.3;Discussion;280
28.4;Acknowledgment;282
28.5;References;282
29;CHAPTER 24. THERMAL DILATATION AND GLASS TRANSITION OF AMORPHOUS POLYMERS;284
29.1;References;290
30;CHAPTER 25. MECHANISMS FOR DIFFUSIONLESS PHASE TRANSFORMATIONS;294
30.1;Introduction;294
30.2;Model For The Transformation;295
30.3;Transformation Theory;295
30.4;Discussion;302
30.5;References;304
31;CHAPTER 26. ELECTRON MICROSCOPIC STUDY OF PHASE TRANSFORMATIONS IN PURE AND PARTIALLY-STABILIZED ZrO2;306
31.1;Introduction;306
31.2;Materials and Method;307
31.3;Discussion;309
31.4;Conclusion;312
31.5;Acknowledgment;312
31.6;References;312
32;CHAPTER 27. MICROSTRAIN MEASUREMENTS IN MONOCLINIC.TETRAGONAL PHASE TRANSITION OF ZIRCONIA;314
32.1;Introduction;314
32.2;Experimental Methods;315
32.3;Acknowledgement;321
32.4;References;321
33;CHAPTER 28. THE POLYMORPHIC PHASE IN PLZT CERAMICS;324
33.1;Introduction;324
33.2;Results;326
33.3;Discussion;326
33.4;References;330
34;CHAPTER 29. THE STABILITY OF THE PHASE TRANSFORMATION OF Fe-Mn ALLOYS INDUCED BY SHOCK LOADING;332
34.1;References;339
35;CHAPTER 30. THERMAL EXPANSION AND PHASE TRANSITIONS IN SILICA;340
35.1;Introduction;340
35.2;Experiment and Results;341
35.3;Microscopic Interpretation;344
35.4;Thermal Expansion;347
35.5;Acknowledgement;349
35.6;References;349
36;CHAPTER 31. ON MECHANISMS OF THE B1 . B2 STRUCTURAL TRANSFORMATION;352
36.1;References;356
37;CHAPTER 32. THEORY OF ORDER-DISORDER TRANSITIONS IN BIOPOLYMERS;358
37.1;Introduction;358
37.2;The Collagen Triple Helix-Random Chain Transition;359
37.3;Dynamic Models for Conformational Transitions in Biopolymers;365
37.4;Summary;369
37.5;References;369
38;CHAPTER 33. DETECTION OF PHASE TRANSITIONS IN MOLECULAR CRYSTALS AND MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES BY POSITRON ANNIHILATION;370
38.1;Introduction;370
38.2;Experimental;371
38.3;Results and Discussion;372
38.4;Acknowledgments;378
38.5;References;378
39;CHAPTER 34. PHASE TRANSITION BEHAVIOUR AS A GUIDE FOR SELECTING SOLID ELECTROLYTE MATERIALS;380
39.1;Introduction;380
39.2;Silver Containing Solid Electrolytes as an Example;381
39.3;Materials Selection;381
39.4;Acknowledgement;384
39.5;References;384
40;CHAPTER 35. DISORDERING KINETICS OF ß' PHASE Cu-Zn AND Ag-Zn;386
40.1;Introduction;386
40.2;Experimental Procedure;387
40.3;Results and Discussion;388
40.4;Acknowledgement;397
40.5;Summary;398
40.6;References;398
41;CHAPTER 36. ENTHALPY OF THE OLIVINE-SPINEL TRANSITION IN MAGNESIUM ORTHOGERMANATE AND THE THERMODYNAMICS OF OLIVINE-SPINEL-PHENACITE STABILITY RELATIONS;400
41.1;Introduction;400
41.2;Results;401
41.3;Discussion;402
41.4;Acknowledgments;404
41.5;References;404
42;CHAPTER 37. CRYSTALLIZATION BEHAVIOR OF GLASS-FORMING ASYMMETRIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS: 1:2 DIPHENYLBENZENE* AND RELATED COMPOUNDS;406
42.1;Introduction;406
42.2;Experimental Results;407
42.3;Results and Discussion;408
42.4;Conclusions;414
42.5;References;414
43;CHAPTER 38. ELECTRICAL CHARGE TRANSPORT MECHANISMS IN CARBON BLACK FILLED GLASSY POLYMERS;416
43.1;Introduction;416
43.2;Experimental;417
43.3;Results and Discussion;418
43.4;Concluding Remarks;427
43.5;Acknowledgment;429
43.6;References;429
44;CHAPTER 39. EVOLUTION OF FIRST ORDER MAGNETIC TRANSITIONS IN THE SOLID SOLUTION Cu1-xAgxMn3N;430
44.1;Review of the Physical Properties of CuMn3N and AgMn3N;430
44.2;Study of the Solid Solution Cu1-xAgxMn3N;431
44.3;Conclusion;434
44.4;References;435
45;CHAPTER 40. UNUSUAL PHASE TRANSITION BEHAVIOR IN WEAKLY INTERACTING MAGNETIC CLUSTER SUBSTANCES: APPLICATION TO MAGNETIC COOLING;436
45.1;Magnetic Cooling;436
45.2;Spin Wave Theory;436
45.3;Exact Theories;438
45.4;Non-Uniform i.e. Cluster Antiferromagnets;440
45.5;Effects of Higher Spin;443
45.6;Summary;443
45.7;References;444
46;CHAPTER 41. HALL COEFFICIENT OF MAGNETIC METALS NEAR A PHASE TRANSITION;446
46.1;Introduction;446
46.2;Scattering Mechanisms;447
46.3;Hall Resistivity;448
46.4;Conclusions;451
46.5;References;452
47;AUTHOR INDEX;454