Johnson Modelling and Control of Biotechnological Processes

Proceedings of the 1st IFAC Symposium, Noordwijkerhout, The Netherlands, 11 - 13 December 1985
1. Auflage 2014
ISBN: 978-1-4831-6052-8
Verlag: Elsevier Science & Techn.
Format: PDF
Kopierschutz: 1 - PDF Watermark

E-Book, Englisch, 274 Seiten, Web PDF

Modelling and Control of Biotechnological Processes contains the proceedings of the International Federation of Automatic Control's First Symposium on Modeling and Control of Biotechnological Processes held in Noordwijkerhout, The Netherlands, on December 11-13, 1985. The papers explore modeling and control of biotechnological processes such as fermentation and biological wastewater treatment. This book consists of 37 chapters divided into 11 sections and begins with a discussion on the control of fermentation processes; modeling of biotechnical processes; and application of measurement and estimation techniques to biotechnology. The following sections focus on adaptive control theory, applications of adaptive control, and control and modeling of bioreactors. The reader is also introduced to measurement techniques and sensors, with emphasis on pyrolysis mass spectrometry; rapid bioelectrochemical methods; and a self-tuning controller for multiloop controlled fed-batch fermentation. The remaining sections deal with parameter identification and estimation; Kalman filtering techniques; optimization of production processes; modeling of microkinetics; and optimization theory. This monograph will be of interest to researchers and practitioners in the field of biotechnology.

Autoren/Hrsg.

Johnson, A.

Inhaltsverzeichnis

1;Front Cover;1
2;Modelling and Control of Biotechnological Processes;4
3;Copyright Page;5
4;Table of Contents;8
5;1ST IFAC SYMPOSIUM ON MODELLING AND CONTROL OF BIOTECHNOLOGICAL PROCESSES;6
6;PART 1: INVITED LECTURES;12
6.1;CHAPTER 1. THE CONTROL OF FERMENTATION PROCESSES;12
6.1.1;1. INTRODUCTION;12
6.1.2;2. MODELLING FOR CONTROL;12
6.1.3;3. ESTIMATION;15
6.1.4;4. PHYSIOLOGICAL CONTROL;17
6.1.5;5. DYNAMIC OPTIMIZATION;19
6.1.6;6. CONCLUSIONS;21
6.2;CHAPTER 2. MODELLING OF BIOTECHNOLOGICAL PROCESSES;24
6.2.1;INTRODUCTION;24
6.2.2;ENZYME SYNTHESIS MODELS;24
6.2.3;STRUCTURED CELL MODELS;29
6.2.4;UNSTRUCTURED REACTOR MODELS;30
6.2.5;STRUCTURED REACTOR MODELS;30
6.2.6;CONCLUSIONS;31
6.2.7;LITERATURE;31
6.3;CHAPTER 3. THE INDUSTRIAL APPLICATION OF MODERN MEASUREMENT AND ESTIMATION TECHNIQUES IN BIOTECHNOLOGY;44
6.3.1;INTRODUCTION;44
6.3.2;THE NEED FOR ESTIMATION TECHNIQUES AND THEPRECONDITIONS FOR THEIR USE;45
6.3.3;SOME PRACTICAL EXPERIENCE IN APPLYING ESTIMATION TECHNIQUES TO BIOREACTOR CONTROL;46
6.3.4;CONCLUSIONS;46
6.3.5;REFERENCES;47
7;PART 2: ADAPTIVE CONTROL THEORY;48
7.1;CHAPTER 4. STABLE ADAPTIVE ALGORITHMS FOR ESTIMATION AND CONTROL OF FERMENTATION PROCESSES;48
7.1.1;1. INTRODUCTION;48
7.1.2;2. ADAPTIVE OBSERVERS;49
7.1.3;3. ADAPTIVE REGULATORS;50
7.1.4;APPENDIX;52
7.1.5;REFERENCES;53
7.2;CHAPTER 5. ADAPTIVE LQ CONTROL OF FERMENTATION PROCESSES;54
7.2.1;INTRODUCTION;54
7.2.2;THEORY;55
7.2.3;ADAPTIVE CONTROL;57
7.2.4;CONCLUSIONS;58
7.2.5;REFERENCES;58
8;PART 3: CONTROL OF BIOREACTORS;60
8.1;CHAPTER 6. COMPUTER CONTROL OF IMMOBILIZED PRODUCT FERMENTATIONS;60
8.1.1;INTRODUCTION;60
8.1.2;CONCLUSION;62
8.1.3;ACKNOWLEDGMENTS;62
8.1.4;REFERENCES;62
8.2;CHAPTER 7. MODELLING AND CONTROL OF A BUBBLE FREE AERATED BIOREACTOR FOR MAMMALIAN CELL CULTIVATION;66
8.2.1;TISSUE CULTURE BIOREACTOR WITH MEMBRANE AERATION;66
8.2.2;SYSTEM CHARACTERIZATION;66
8.2.3;MATHEMATICAL MODEL;66
8.2.4;PROCESS SIMULATION;69
8.2.5;CONTROL CONCEPT;70
8.2.6;SIMULATION OF AN AUTOMATIC CONTROLLED PROCESS;71
8.2.7;CONCLUSION;71
8.2.8;REFERENCES;71
8.3;CHAPTER 8. COMPUTER CONTROL OF AN AEROBIC BATCH PROCESS IN A TWO REACTOR SYSTEM;74
8.3.1;INTRODUCTION;74
8.3.2;THEORY;74
8.3.3;MATERIALS AND METHODS;75
8.3.4;DESIGN OF THE CONTROLLERS;75
8.3.5;RESULTS AND DISCUSSION;77
8.3.6;CONCLUSIONS;77
8.3.7;SYMBOLS AND ABBREVIATIONS;78
8.3.8;VALUES OF RELEVANT PARAMETERS;78
8.3.9;REFERENCES;78
9;PART 4: ADAPTIVE CONTROL APPLICATIONS;80
9.1;CHAPTER 9. PARAMETER ADAPTIVE CONTROL OF THE FED-BATCH PENICILLIN FERMENTATION;80
9.1.1;INTRODUCTION;80
9.1.2;INDUSTRIAL PENICILLIN FERMENTATION;81
9.1.3;PENICILLIN FERMENTATION MODELLING;81
9.1.4;THE BAJPAI AND REUSS FERMENTATION MODEL;82
9.1.5;BIOMASS ESTIMATION;82
9.1.6;ADAPTIVE CONTROL POLICY;83
9.1.7;CONTROLLER IMPLEMENTATION;83
9.1.8;RESULTS;83
9.1.9;DISCUSSION;84
9.1.10;ACKNOWLEDGMENTS;84
9.1.11;REFERENCES;84
9.2;CHAPTER 10. ON-LINE MEASUREMENT AND CONTROL OF PENICILLIN V PRODUCTION;86
9.2.1;INTRODUCTION;86
9.2.2;INSTRUMENTATION AND MEASUREMENT TECHNIQUES;86
9.2.3;CORRELATION OF THE MEASUREMENTS AND MANUAL CONTROL;87
9.2.4;SELF-TUNING CONTROL;87
9.2.5;RESULTS;88
9.2.6;CONCLUSIONS;89
9.2.7;ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS;89
9.2.8;REFERENCES;89
9.3;CHAPTER 11. SIMULATION AND EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES OF THE PROFILE CONTROL OF THE SPECIFIC GROWTH RATE IN A FED-BATCH CULTURE;90
9.3.1;INTRODUCTION;90
9.3.2;ESTIMATION OF THE SPECIFIC GROWTH RATE;91
9.3.3;PROFILE CONTROL SCHEME IN A FED-BATCH CULTURE;92
9.3.4;EXPERIMENTAL STUDY FOR THE CONTROL OF µ;94
9.3.5;CONCLUSION;95
9.3.6;REFERENCES;95
10;PART 5: MEASUREMENT TECHNIQUES AND SENSORS;96
10.1;CHAPTER 12. A NEW AUTOMATIC SAMPLING DEVICE FOR THE DETERMINATION OF FILTRATION CHARACTERISTICS AND THE COUPLING OF AN HPLC TO FERMENTORS;96
10.1.1;INTRODUCTION;96
10.1.2;AUTOMATIC FILTRATION;97
10.1.3;ANALYSIS OF FILTRATION DATA;97
10.1.4;CONCLUSION;99
10.1.5;REFERENCES;99
10.2;CHAPTER 13. ANALYSIS OF BIOMASS AND METABOLITES USING PYROLYSIS MASS SPECTROMETRY;102
10.2.1;INTRODUCTION;102
10.2.2;MATERIALS AND METHODS;102
10.2.3;ANALYSIS OF PURE COMPONENTS;103
10.2.4;ANALYSIS OF FERMENTATION SAMPLES CONTAINING PHB;104
10.2.5;CONCLUSIONS;105
10.2.6;REFERENCES;105
10.3;CHAPTER 14. RAPID BIOELECTROCHEMICAL METHODS FOR THE DETECTION OF LIVING MICROORGANISMS;106
10.3.1;INTRODUCTION;106
10.3.2;NON-BIOELECTROCHEMICAL METHODS OF BIOMASS DETECTION;106
10.3.3;BIOELECTROCHEMICAL METHODS OF BIOMASS DETECTION;108
10.3.4;THE APPLICATION OF AMPEROMETRIC SYSTEMS TO THE DETECTION OF MICROORGANISMS;109
10.3.5;CONCLUSION;110
10.3.6;REFERENCES;110
10.4;CHAPTER 15. TIVE CONTROL OF A FED-BATCH BAKER'S YEAST FERMENTATION;114
10.4.1;1. INTRODUCTION;114
10.4.2;2. PROCESS DESCRIPTION AND CONTROL PHILOSOPHY;114
10.4.3;3. CONTROLLER DESIGN;115
10.4.4;4. ADAPTIVE CONTROL;117
10.4.5;5. EXPERIMENTS;118
10.4.6;6. CONCLUSIONS;119
10.4.7;7. REFERENCES;119
10.5;CHAPTER 16. CONTROL OF FERMENTATION PROCESS BY AN ON-LINE ADAPTIVE TECHNIQUE;122
10.5.1;INTRODUCTION;122
10.5.2;MICROCOMPUTER SYSTEM;123
10.5.3;FERMENTATION INSTRUMENTATION;123
10.5.4;THE CONTROL PROBLEM;123
10.5.5;THE ADAPTIVE TECHNIQUE;123
10.5.6;OBJECTIVES FOR CONTROL;125
10.5.7;ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS;126
10.5.8;REFERENCES;126
10.6;CHAPTER 17. MULTILOOP CONTROLLED FED-BATCH FERMENTATION PROCESS USING A SELFTUNING CONTROLLER;132
10.6.1;INTRODUCTION;132
10.6.2;PROCESS DESCRIPTION AND PROCESS MODEL;132
10.6.3;CONTROL STRATEGY;133
10.6.4;RESULT AND DISCUSSION;135
10.6.5;CONCLUSIONS;135
10.6.6;REFERENCES;135
10.7;CHAPTER 18. SELF-CORRECTING MEASUREMENT OF DISSOLVED OXYGEN;138
10.7.1;INTRODUCTION;138
10.7.2;THE THEORY OF THE p02 ELECTRODE;138
10.7.3;THE OXYGEN PARTIAL PRESSURE CORRESPONDING TO THE OXYGEN IN THE CULTURE BROTH;139
10.7.4;THE OXYGEN PARTIAL PRESSURE;139
10.7.5;MEASUREMENT OF p02 WHEN THE MEMBRANE IS CONTAMINATED;139
10.7.6;EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURE AND RESULTS;140
10.7.7;CONCLUSIONS;141
10.7.8;NOMENCLATURE;141
10.7.9;REFERENCES;141
10.8;CHAPTER 19. AUTOMATED MEASURING SYSTEM FOR BIOLOGICAL WASTEWATER TREATMENT PLANT WITH BIOLOGICAL REMOVAL OF PHOSPHATE;142
10.8.1;INTR0DUCTI0N;142
10.8.2;THE MEASURING SYSTEM;142
10.8.3;RESULTS;143
10.8.4;DISCUSSION;143
10.8.5;CONCLUSION;143
10.8.6;ACKNOWLEDGEMENT;143
10.8.7;REFERENCES;144
11;PART 6: MODELLING OF BIOREACTORS;148
11.1;CHAPTER 20. OPTIMIZATION AND MODELLING OF THE MICROBIAL EPOXIDATION OF PROPENE IN AN ORGANIC-LIQUID-PHASE/IMMOBILIZED-CELL SYSTEM;148
11.1.1;INTRODUCTION;148
11.1.2;EXPERIMENTAL SET-UP;149
11.1.3;OPTIMIZATION OF THE MULTIPHASE SYSTEM;149
11.1.4;MODELLING THE MULTIPHASE SYSTEM;151
11.1.5;CONCLUSIONS;154
11.1.6;REFERENCES;154
11.2;CHAPTER 21. INFLUENCE OF SUBSTRATE DISTRIBUTION ON PRODUCTIVITIES IN COMPUTER CONTROLLED BAKER'S YEAST PRODUCTION;156
11.2.1;INTRODUCTION;156
11.2.2;COMPUTER SIMULATIONS OF THE OPEN LOOP FEEDING STRATEGIES;157
11.2.3;MEASURMENTS OF THE CIRCULATION TIME DISTRIBUTION;157
11.2.4;EXPERIMENTAL SETUP AND STRATEGY FOR COMPUTER CONTROLLED BAKER'S YEAST FERMENTATION;158
11.2.5;COMPUTER SIMULATION OF THE CLOSED LOOP FEEDING STRATEGY;158
11.2.6;REFERENCES;159
11.3;CHAPTER 22. MATHEMATICAL MODELLING OF ALCOHOLIC FERMENTATION IN A GAS/SOLID BIOREACTOR — COMBINED EFFECTS OF SOLIDS MIXING AND NON-STEADY STATE KINETICS;162
11.3.1;INTRODUCTION;162
11.3.2;REACTOR MODEL;162
11.3.3;MATHEMATICAL ANALYSIS;163
11.3.4;FERMENTATION EXPERIMENTS;165
11.3.5;RESULTS AND DISCUSSION;166
11.3.6;References;168
12;PART 7: IDENTIFICATION AND PARAMETER ESTIMATION;170
12.1;CHAPTER 23. ON PARAMETER IDENTIFICATION FOR COMPLEX BIOTECHNICAL SYSTEMS;170
12.1.1;INTRODUCTION;170
12.1.2;DESCRIPTION OF THE PROCESS AND THE MODEL EQUATIONS;170
12.1.3;PARAMETER IDENTIFICATION;171
12.1.4;OPTIMAL CHOICE OF SENSORS AND THEIR ALLOCATION;172
12.1.5;RESULTS;172
12.1.6;CONCLUSIONS;173
12.1.7;REFERENCES;174
12.2;CHAPTER 24. MODEL REDUCTION OF AN OXYGEN ENRICHED INDUSTRIAL WASTE-WATER TREATMENT PROCESS;178
12.2.1;INTRODUCTION;178
12.2.2;PROCESS DESCRIPTION;178
12.2.3;BIOREACTOR MODEL;179
12.2.4;MODEL REDUCTION;180
12.2.5;SIMULATIONS;182
12.2.6;CONCLUSIONS;183
12.2.7;ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS;183
12.2.8;REFERENCES;183
12.3;CHAPTER 25. AN EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH TO IMPROVE THE MONOD MODEL IDENTIFICATION;186
12.3.1;INTRODUCTION;186
12.3.2;NUMERICAL METHODS;186
12.3.3;INFLUENCE OF THE REPARTITION OF DATA ON THE Ks ESTIMATE;187
12.3.4;INTERPRETATION OF THE RESULTS;187
12.3.5;CONCLUSION;189
12.3.6;REFERENCES;189
12.4;CHAPTER 26. MODELLING AND PARAMETER IDENTIFICATION OF BATCH FERMENTATION PROCESS;192
12.4.1;INTRODUCTION;192
12.4.2;MODELLING;192
12.4.3;IDENTIFICATION;193
12.4.4;CONCLUSION;193
12.4.5;ACKNOWLEDGMENT;193
12.4.6;REFERENCES;193
12.4.7;APPENDICES;193
13;PART 8: KALMAN FILTERING TECHNIQUES;196
13.1;CHAPTER 27. EXTENDED KALMAN FILTERING TECHNIQUE FOR THE ON-LINE CONTROL OF CANDIDA UTILIS PRODUCTION;196
13.1.1;INTRODUCTION;196
13.1.2;DYNAMIC PHYSIOLOGICAL MODEL;196
13.1.3;EQUIPMENT DESCRIPTION;197
13.1.4;ESTIMATION PROCEDURE;197
13.1.5;APPLICATION TO BATCH PROCESSES;197
13.1.6;APPLICATION TO A FEDBATCH PROCESS;197
13.1.7;CONCLUSIONS;198
13.1.8;REFERENCES;198
13.1.9;NOTATIONS;198
13.2;CHAPTER 28. ESTIMATION OF THE PROGRESS OF STREPTOMYCES CLAVULIGERUS FERMENTATIONS FOR IMPROVED ON-LINE CONTROL OF ANTIBIOTIC PRODUCTION;202
13.2.1;INTRODUCTION;202
13.2.2;FERMENTATION DETAILS;202
13.2.3;EQUIPMENT;202
13.2.4;INOCULA PREPARATION;203
13.2.5;BIOMASS AND CLAVULANIC ACID ASSAYS;203
13.2.6;MODELLING AND STATE ESTIMATION;203
13.2.7;RESULTS AND DISCUSSION;203
13.2.8;SUMMARY;204
13.2.9;REFERENCES;204
13.3;CHAPTER 29. A METHOD TO CONSIDER DELAYED LABORATORY ANALYSIS IN STATE AND PARAMETER ESTIMATION OF BIOREACTORS;210
13.3.1;INTRODUCTION;210
13.3.2;A FILTER BASED ESTIMATION METHOD;210
13.3.3;CONSIDERING THE INFORMATION CARRYING BY THE SAMPLE VALUES;211
13.3.4;AN ILLUSTRATIVE EXAMPLE;212
13.3.5;CONCLUSIONS;213
13.3.6;REFERENCES;213
13.4;CHAPTER 30. SIMULTANEOUS ON-LINE ESTIMATION OF OXYGEN TRANSFER RATE AND RESPIRATION RATE;216
13.4.1;1. INTRODUCTION;216
13.4.2;2. PROCESS MODEL;216
13.4.3;3. ESTIMATOR STRUCTURE;217
13.4.4;4. SIMULTANEOUS TRACKING;217
13.4.5;5. MAKING USE OF SINGULAR EXCITATIONS;218
13.4.6;6. SIMULATION EXAMPLES;218
13.4.7;7. ESTIMATION ON PLANT DATA;219
13.4.8;8. ESTIMATION AND CONTROL. CONCLUSIONS;219
13.4.9;Acknowledgements;220
13.4.10;REFERENCES;220
13.5;CHAPTER 31. ON-LINE RESPIROMETRY AND ESTIMATION OF AERATION EFFICIENCIES IN AN ACTIVATED SLUDGE AERATION BASIN FROM DISSOLVED OXYGEN MEASUREMENTS;222
13.5.1;INTRODUCTION;222
13.5.2;THEORY;223
13.5.3;SIMULATION;223
13.5.4;ALGORITHM IMPLEMENTATION;224
13.5.5;RESULTS AND DISCUSSION;224
13.5.6;REFERENCES;225
13.5.7;APPENDIX A;225
13.5.8;APPENDIX B;226
14;PART 9: OPTIMIZATION OF PRODUCTION PROCESSES;230
14.1;CHAPTER 32. DETERMINATION OF pH AND TEMPERATURE PROFILES FOR THE GROWTH OF ESCHERICHIA COLI;230
14.1.1;INTRODUCTION;230
14.1.2;MATERIALS AND METHODS;230
14.1.3;RESULTS AND DISCUSSION;231
14.1.4;REFERENCES;235
14.1.5;CONCLUSIONS;235
14.2;CHAPTER 33. OPTIMIZATION OF THE OPERATING VARIABLES OF AN INDUSTRIAL WASTE-WATER TREATMENT PROCESS;236
14.2.1;INTRODUCTION;236
14.2.2;COST CRITERION AND CONSTRAINTS;237
14.2.3;THE MODEL;238
14.2.4;PARAMETER ESTIMATION;239
14.2.5;OPTIMIZATION;240
14.2.6;ACKNOWLEDGEMENT;241
14.2.7;CONCLUSIONS;241
14.2.8;REFERENCES;241
14.3;CHAPTER 34. FUZZY CONTROL APPLICATION TO GLUTAMIC ACID FERMENTATION;242
14.3.1;ABSTRACT;242
14.3.2;KEYWORDS;242
14.3.3;INTRODUCTION;242
14.3.4;DECISION OF SUGAR FEED RATEBY USING OF THE AMOUNT OF AMMONIA CONSUMPTION;242
14.3.5;APPLICATION OF THE FUZZY THEORY TO SUGAR FEED CONTROL;243
14.3.6;SUGAR FEED CONTROL SYSTEM;243
14.3.7;FIELD TESTS;244
14.3.8;CONCLUSIONS;244
14.3.9;ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS;244
14.3.10;REFERENCES;244
15;PART 10: MODELLING OF MICROKINETICS;248
15.1;CHAPTER 35. DIAGNOSTIC CHECKING USING A MODEL FOR A MULTI-ENZYME SYSTEM;248
15.1.1;INTRODUCTION;248
15.1.2;THE MULTI-ENZYM THIOTEMPLATE MECHANISM;249
15.1.3;MATHEMATICAL MODELLING;249
15.1.4;MEASUREMENT OF SYNTHETASES;251
15.1.5;EXPERIMENT;252
15.1.6;SIMULATION;252
15.1.7;RESULTS;253
15.1.8;CONCLUSION;253
15.1.9;REFERENCES;253
15.2;CHAPTER 36. YEAST BIOTECHNOLOGICAL PROCESSES MONITORED BY ANALYSIS OF SEGREGATED DATA WITH STRUCTURED MODELS;256
15.2.1;INTRODUCTION;256
15.2.2;POPULATION DYNAMICS DURING GLUCOSE-LIMITED-CHEMOSTAT GROWTH;257
15.2.3;THE MODEL;259
15.2.4;IDEAL AGE AND PROTEIN DENSITY FUNCTIONS;260
15.2.5;CONCLUSIONS;261
15.2.6;REFERENCES;261
16;PART 11: OPTIMIZATION THEORY;264
16.1;CHAPTER 37. STATIC OPTIMIZATION OF A MULTISTAGE FERMENTATION PROCESS INVOLVING DISTRIBUTED FEEDING;264
16.1.1;INTRODUCTION;264
16.1.2;STATE OF THE PROBLEM;264
16.1.3;METHODS;265
16.1.4;EQUATIONS FOR THE STEADY STATE;265
16.1.5;RESULTS;265
16.1.6;REFERENCES;266
17;AUTHOR INDEX;270
18;SUBJECT INDEX;272