Macdonald / Weir Cerebral Vasospasm

1. Auflage 2001
ISBN: 978-0-08-052883-0
Verlag: Elsevier Science & Techn.
Format: PDF
Kopierschutz: 1 - PDF Watermark

E-Book, Englisch, 518 Seiten, Web PDF

Bryce Weir is a high-profile, respected neurologist. Dr. Macdonald is a colleague of Dr. Weir's and is a 'rising star' in the field of neurology.This book is the first to cover all aspects of cerebral vasospasm in depth. It takes the reader from the first descriptions of this puzzling and deadly phenomenon to the latest laboratory evidence explaining its pathophysiology. Packed with clinical pearls, it is a must for neurosurgeons, interventional radiologists, neurologists, and neuropathologists.Key Features* Examines the current understanding of vascular smooth muscle physiology* Provides in-depth overviews of symptoms and treatments* Written by acknowledged experts on the subject* Vividly illustrated with beautiful photographs and diagrams* Cites over 4,000 key papers on vasospasms* Presents key data in an easy-to-use format

Autoren/Hrsg.

Macdonald, R. Loch

Weir, Bruce

Inhaltsverzeichnis

1;Front Cover;1
2;Cerebral Vasospasm;4
3;Copyright Page;5
4;CONTENTS;6
5;FOREWORD;12
6;ACKNOWLEDGMENTS;14
7;ABBREVIATIONS;16
8;CHAPTER 1. HISTORY;18
8.1;I. Introduction;18
8.2;II. Clinical Description;18
8.3;III. Pathology;19
8.4;IV. Radiology;20
8.5;V. Medical Aspects;24
8.6;VI. Etiology;26
8.7;VII. Surgical Aspects;28
8.8;VIII. Physiology;29
8.9;IX. State of the Art;31
8.10;X. Farewell Message;31
8.11;References;32
9;CHAPTER 2. EPIDEMIOLOGY;34
9.1;I. Introduction;34
9.2;II. Incidence of Subarachnoid Hemorrhage;36
9.3;III. Incidence of Vasospasm;37
9.4;IV. Timing of Angiography and Incidence of Vasospasm;38
9.5;V. Prognostic Factors for Vasospasm;39
9.6;Vl. Factors Unrelated to Vasospasm;46
9.7;VII. Effect of Vasospasm on Outcome;46
9.8;VIII. Influence of Surgery on Vasospasm;47
9.9;IX. Relative Significance of Vasospasm;52
9.10;X. Vasospasm and Cerebral Infarction;53
9.11;XI. The Incidence of Vasospasm over Time;54
9.12;XII. Vasospasm and Nonaneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage;55
9.13;XIII. Endovascular Coiling and Vasospasm;56
9.14;References;56
10;CHAPTER 3. HEMATOLOGY;61
10.1;I. Introduction;61
10.2;II. Blood;62
10.3;III. Coagulation;87
10.4;References;98
11;CHAPTER 4. PATHOLOGY AND PATHOGENESIS;104
11.1;I. Introduction;104
11.2;II. The Subarachnoid Space, Pia-arachnoid, Arachnoid Villi, and Cerebrospinal Fluid;106
11.3;III. Cytopathology of Cerebrospinal Fluid and Subarachnoid Hemorrhage;115
11.4;IV. Arterial Changes in Vasospasm;120
11.5;V. Changes in Composition of Cerebrospinal Fluid, Blood, and Adjacent Tissues;137
11.6;Vl. Cerebral Infarction from Vasospasm;160
11.7;References;177
12;CHAPTER 5. RADIOLOGY;192
12.1;I. Introduction;193
12.2;II. Angiography;194
12.3;III. CT Scan;199
12.4;IV. Transcranial Doppler Ultrasonography;211
12.5;V. Magnetic Resonance Imaging;220
12.6;Vl. Positron Emission Tomography;225
12.7;VII. Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography;226
12.8;VIII. Cerebral Blood Flow Studies;227
12.9;References;229
13;CHAPTER 6. PHARMACOLOGY;238
13.1;I. Introduction;239
13.2;II. General Considerations;240
13.3;III. Neurogenic Factors;242
13.4;IV. Biogenic Amines;243
13.5;V. Neuropeptide Transmitters;249
13.6;VI. Eicosanoids;252
13.7;VII. Endothelin;254
13.8;VIII. Blood and Cerebrospinal Fluid;265
13.9;IX. Hemoglobin;271
13.10;X. Nitric Oxide;288
13.11;XI. Nitrovasodilators;295
13.12;XII. Free Radicals;297
13.13;XIII. Recent Novel Pharmacological Approaches;306
13.14;References;306
14;CHAPTER 7. STRUCTURE, PHYSIOLOGY, AND BIOCHEMISTRY OF VASCULAR SMOOTH MUSCLE;330
14.1;I. Introduction;330
14.2;II. Tension, Tone, and Work;333
14.3;III. Structural Components;334
14.4;IV. Actin and Myosin;337
14.5;V. Modulating Proteins;340
14.6;VI. Relaxation;342
14.7;VII. Calcium;343
14.8;VIII. Enzymes, Receptors, and Messenger Systems;349
14.9;IX. Membrane Potential;360
14.10;X. Acidosis and Hypoxia;364
14.11;XI. Growth and Contraction;365
14.12;XII. Metabolism;365
14.13;References;366
15;CHAPTER 8. MEDICAL ASPECTS OF VASOSPASM;372
15.1;I. Introduction;372
15.2;II. Diagnosis;374
15.3;III. Differential Diagnosis;377
15.4;IV. Prophylaxis;381
15.5;V. Management of Delayed Ischemic Deficit;398
15.6;Vl. Therapy;400
15.7;VII. Randomized Clinical Trials;430
15.8;VIII. The Art of Treatment;435
15.9;References;435
16;CHAPTER 9. NONRUPTURED ANEURYSM VASOSPASM;448
16.1;I. Postoperative Cases;448
16.2;II. Vascular Lesions;449
16.3;III. Head Injury;450
16.4;IV. Infections;452
16.5;V. Eclampsia;453
16.6;VI. Migraine Headaches as a Vasoconstrictor Phenomenon;454
16.7;VII. Coronary Artery Vasospasm;454
16.8;References;455
17;CHAPTER 10. SURGICAL ASPECTS OF VASOSPASM;458
17.1;I. Surgical Trauma Mimicking or Aggravating Vasospasm;458
17.2;II. Clot Removal at Surgery;458
17.3;III. Timing of Surgery and Vasospasm;462
17.4;IV. Cisternal Drainage;463
17.5;V. Fibrinolytic Therapy and Surgery;465
17.6;References;466
18;CHAPTER 11. ANIMAL MODELS;468
18.1;I. Introduction;468
18.2;II. Models in Vitro;468
18.3;III. Acute Effects of SAH versus VSP;469
18.4;IV. Species Differences;469
18.5;V. Considerations in the Conduct of Animal Studies;470
18.6;VI. Creation of SAH;470
18.7;VII. Specific Animal Models;471
18.8;VIII. Ethical Considerations;485
18.9;References;486
19;CHAPTER 12. MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND GENETICS;495
19.1;I. Introduction;495
19.2;II. Genetic Predisposition to Vasospasm;496
19.3;III. Molecular Biological Techniques;496
19.4;IV. Changes in Regulatory Mechanisms of Smooth Muscle Contraction;497
19.5;V. Changes in Smooth Muscle Relaxation Mechanisms;506
19.6;VI. Changes in Endothelium-Regulated Mechanisms;507
19.7;VII. Changes in Genes That May Influence Vasospasm;511
19.8;VIII. Microvascular Spasm;516
19.9;IX. Changes in the Brain;517
19.10;X. Gene Therapy;518
19.11;References;519
20;INDEX;528