Pitilakis Earthquake Geotechnical Engineering

4th International Conference on Earthquake Geotechnical Engineering-Invited Lectures
1. Auflage 2007
ISBN: 978-1-4020-5893-6
Verlag: Springer Netherlands
Format: PDF
Kopierschutz: 1 - PDF Watermark

E-Book, Englisch, Band 6, 497 Seiten

Reihe: Geotechnical, Geological and Earthquake Engineering

This book contains the full papers on which the invited lectures of the 4th International Conference on Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering (4ICEGE) were based. The conference was held in Thessaloniki, Greece, from 25 to 28 June, 2007. The papers offer a comprehensive overview of the progress achieved in soil dynamics and geotechnical earthquake engineering, examine ongoing and unresolved issues, and discuss ideas for the future.

Autoren/Hrsg.

Pitilakis, Kyriazis D.

Inhaltsverzeichnis

1;PREFACE;6
2;TABLE OF CONTENTS;7
3;CHAPTER 1 SPT- AND CPT-BASED RELATIONSHIPS FOR THE RESIDUAL SHEAR STRENGTH OF LIQUEFIED SOILS;21
3.1;1. Introduction;21
3.2;2. Case history studies;23
3.3;3. SPT-based correlation for residual strength;27
3.4;4. CPT-based correlation for residual strength;32
3.5;5. Concluding remarks;37
3.6;Acknowledgments;40
3.7;REFERENCES;41
4;CHAPTER 2 LONG PERIOD STRONG GROUND MOTION AND ITS USE AS INPUT TO DISPLACEMENT BASED DESIGN;43
4.1;1. Introduction;43
4.2;2. Empirical prediction of displacement spectral response (DRS) over a broad period range;44
4.3;3. Response of alluvium filled valleys and basins;57
4.4;4. Overdamped spectra;63
4.5;5. Hazard representations in spectral displacements;64
4.6;Acknowledgements;68
4.7;Notes;68
4.8;REFERENCES;69
5;CHAPTER 3 SITE EFFECTS: FROM OBSERVATION AND MODELLING TO ACCOUNTING FOR THEM IN BUILDING CODES;73
5.1;1. Introduction;73
5.2;2. Estimation of site effects;75
5.3;3. Modelling site effects. The importance of the model;81
5.4;4. Accounting for site effects in building codes;87
5.5;5. Concluding remarks;89
5.6;Acknowledgements;90
5.7;REFERENCES;90
6;CHAPTER 4 SOURCE AND SITE FACTORS IN MICROZONATION;93
6.1;1. Introduction;93
6.2;2. Input motion;94
6.3;3. Site characterisation;98
6.4;4. Microzonation;100
6.5;5. Spectral accelerations for vulnerability assessments;106
6.6;6. Conclusions;109
6.7;Acknowledgements;110
6.8;REFERENCES;110
7;CHAPTER 5 A REVIEW OF LARGE-SCALE TESTING FACILITIES IN GEOTECHNICAL EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERING;113
7.1;1. Introduction;113
7.2;2. Instrumented test sites;115
7.3;3. Mobile laboratories;126
7.4;4. Large-scale testing facilities;133
7.5;5. Earthquake loading aboard geotechnical centrifuges;138
7.6;6. International collaboration;143
7.7;7. Summary and conclusions;147
7.8;REFERENCES;147
8;CHAPTER 6 MODELLING OF DYNAMIC SOIL PROBLEMS;151
8.1;1. Introduction;151
8.2;2. Constitutive modelling framework;152
8.3;3. Fabric, soil stiffness and laboratory geophysics;153
8.4;4. NEMISREF mitigation of foundation response;157
8.5;5. Macroelement analysis;162
8.6;6. Conclusions;167
8.7;Acknowledgements;168
8.8;REFERENCES;168
9;CHAPTER 7 FIELD SEISMIC TESTING IN GEOTECHNICAL EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERING;171
9.1;1. Introduction;171
9.2;2. Deeper seismic profiling;172
9.3;3. In-situ parametric studies;174
9.4;4. Conclusions;176
9.5;Acknowledgments;177
9.6;REFERENCES;177
10;CHAPTER 8 LIQUEFACTION STRENGTHS OF POORLY-GRADED AND WELL-GRADED GRANULAR SOILS INVESTIGATED BY LAB TESTS;179
10.1;1. Introduction;179
10.2;2. Effect of grain size curve on S-wave velocity and N-value;183
10.3;3. Effect of grain size distribution on cyclic strength;189
10.4;4. Effect of particle gradation on post-liquefaction behavior;198
10.5;5. Conclusions;202
10.6;Acknowledgments;203
10.7;REFERENCES;203
11;CHAPTER 9 SHALLOW AND DEEP FOUNDATIONS UNDER FAULT RUPTURE OR STRONG SEISMIC SHAKING;205
11.1;1. Introduction;205
11.2;2. Fault-rupture propagation and its interaction with foundations;206
11.3;3. Nonlinear response of shallow foundations to strong seismic excitation;221
11.4;Acknowledgements;230
11.5;REFERENCES;230
12;CHAPTER 10 SEISMIC DESIGN AND PERFORMANCE OF SURFACE FOUNDATIONS;237
12.1;1. Introduction;237
12.2;2. Ultimate limit state design of shallow foundations in Eurocode 8;238
12.3;3. Serviceability limit state design of shallow foundations for earthquake loading;244
12.4;4. Spring models for shallow foundations on soil;248
12.5;5. Integrated design of structure-foundation systems;255
12.6;6. Conclusions;261
12.7;REFERENCES;261
13;CHAPTER 11 LIQUEFACTION PERFORMANCE OF SHALLOW FOUNDATIONS IN PRESENCE OF A SOIL CRUST;265
13.1;1. Introduction;265
13.2;2. Existing background;266
13.3;3. Numerical analysis of liquefaction performance;273
13.4;4. Evaluation of degraded bearing capacity;276
13.5;5. Evaluation of liquefaction settlements;280
13.6;6. Performance-based design issues;286
13.7;7. Concluding remarks;291
13.8;Acknowledgments;293
13.9;REFERENCES;293
14;CHAPTER 12 SEISMIC DESIGN OF PILE FOUNDATIONS FOR LIQUEFACTION EFFECTS;297
14.1;1. Introduction;297
14.2;2. Pile groups in laterally spreading ground;298
14.3;3. Pinning effects for approach embankments;312
14.4;4. Other issues and considerations;319
14.5;5. Summary remarks;320
14.6;Acknowledgments;320
14.7;REFERENCES;321
15;CHAPTER 13 SEISMIC ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF GEOTECHNICAL STRUCTURES;323
15.1;1. Introduction;323
15.2;2. Assemblage of soil particles;324
15.3;3. Some findings on seismic analysis;330
15.4;4. Performance-based design;336
15.5;5. Emerging trends in design;340
15.6;6. Designing large urban areas against combined hazards;341
15.7;7. Conclusions;343
15.8;REFERENCES;344
16;CHAPTER 14 SIMPLIFIED SEISMIC SLOPE DISPLACEMENT PROCEDURES;347
16.1;1. Introduction;347
16.2;2. Seismic displacement analysis;348
16.3;3. Components of a seismic displacement analysis;349
16.4;4. Critique of some simplified seismic displacement methods;354
16.5;5. Bray and Travasarou (2007) simplified seismic displacement procedure;360
16.6;6. Conclusions;370
16.7;Acknowledgments;370
16.8;REFERENCES;371
17;CHAPTER 15 DEVELOPMENTS OF SOIL IMPROVEMENT TECHNOLOGIES FOR MITIGATION OF LIQUEFACTION RISK;375
17.1;1. Introduction;375
17.2;2. Sand densification;376
17.3;3. Soil improvement by grouting;385
17.4;4. Dissipation of excess pore water pressure;396
17.5;5. Conclusion;402
17.6;Acknowledgements;402
17.7;REFERENCES;402
18;CHAPTER 16 REMEDIATION METHODS AGAINST LIQUEFACTION WHICH CAN BE APPLIED TO EXISTING STRUCTURES;405
18.1;1. Introduction;405
18.2;2. Remediation methods against liquefaction compiled in 1993 ( partially quoted from Yasuda, 2005a);406
18.3;3. Restrictions to be considered in remediation techniques for existing structures;406
18.4;4. Remediation methods for existing raft foundations;410
18.5;5. Remediation methods for existing pile foundations;413
18.6;6. Remediation methods for existing embankments;414
18.7;7. Remediation methods for existing sea walls;416
18.8;8. Remediation methods for existing buried structures;418
18.9;9. Remediation methods for existing structures affected by ground flow;420
18.10;10. Concluding remarks;424
18.11;REFERENCES;425
19;CHAPTER 17 LIFELINE PERFORMANCE UNDER EXTREME LOADING DURING EARTHQUAKES;427
19.1;1. Introduction;427
19.2;2. Geotechnical earthquake loading;429
19.3;3. Lifeline system response to earthquakes;431
19.4;4. Large-scale tests of ground rupture effects on steel pipelines with elbows;436
19.5;5. Lateral soil-structure interaction during ground failure;438
19.6;6. Large-scale tests of ground rupture effects on HDPE pipelines;445
19.7;7. Concluding remarks;449
19.8;Acknowledgments;450
19.9;REFERENCES;451
20;CHAPTER 18 SEISMIC RISK ASSESSMENT OF UNDERGROUND STRUCTURES UNDER TRANSIENT GROUND DEFORMATIONS;453
20.1;1. Introduction;453
20.2;2. Earthquake-induced transient ground strains;455
20.3;3. Hazard maps and seismic risk assessment of underground pipeline systems;465
20.4;4. Application examples;467
20.5;5. Conclusions;476
20.6;Acknowledgments;476
20.7;REFERENCES;477
21;CHAPTER 19 ISSUES IN SEISMIC RISK ASSESSMENT OF TRANSPORTATION NETWORKS;481
21.1;1. Introduction;481
21.2;2. Overview of transportation risk assessment;483
21.3;3. Application to the San Francisco Bay Area Transportation Network;492
21.4;4. Conclusions;499
21.5;Acknowledgment;499
21.6;REFERENCES;499
22;Index;501