Shook / Roco / Brenner Slurry Flow

Principles and Practice
1. Auflage 2013
ISBN: 978-1-4832-9220-5
Verlag: Elsevier Science & Techn.
Format: PDF
Kopierschutz: 1 - PDF Watermark

E-Book, Englisch, 336 Seiten, Web PDF

Slurry Flow: Principles and Practice describes the basic concepts and methods for understanding and designing slurry flow systems, in-plan installations, and long-distance transportation systems. The goal of this book is to enable the design or plant engineer to derive the maximum benefit from a limited amount of test data and to generalize operating experience to new situations. Design procedures are described in detail and are accompanied by illustrative examples needed by engineers with little or no previous experience in slurry transport. The technical literature in this field is extensive: this book facilitates its use by surveying current research results and providing explanations of mechanistic flow models. This discussion of background scientific principles helps the practitioner to better interpret test data, select pumps, specify materials of construction, and choose measuring devises for slurry transport systems. The extensive range of topics covered in Slurry Flow: Principles and practice includes slurry rheology, homogeneous and heterogeneous slurry flow principles, wear mechanisms, pumping equipment, instrumentation, and operating aspects.

Autoren/Hrsg.

Shook, C A

Roco, M C

Brenner, Howard

Inhaltsverzeichnis

1;Front Cover;1
2;Slurry Flow: Principles and Practice;6
3;Copyright Page;7
4;Table of Contents;8
5;Preface;12
6;Chapter 1. Basic Concepts for Single-Phase Fluids and Particles;14
6.1;1.1 Steady Pipe Flow;14
6.2;1.2 Turbulent Pipe Flow;17
6.3;1.3 Particle Size Distributions;18
6.4;1.4 Packing of Solid Particles in Containers;20
6.5;1.5 Forces Acting on a Single Particle in a Dilute Suspension;22
6.6;1.6 Drag Force on Immersed Objects;22
6.7;1.7 Relaxation Time;28
6.8;1.8 Lift Force on a Rotating Particle (Magnus Force);28
6.9;1.9 Fluid Inertia Effect;30
6.10;1.10 Brownian Diffusion;31
6.11;1.11 Electromagnetic Body Forces;31
6.12;1.12 Heat and Mass Transfer to or from Spheres;32
6.13;1.13 Surface Forces Between Dispersed Particles;33
6.14;1.14 Particle Rotation;37
7;Chapter 2. Fluid—Particle Mixtures;40
7.1;2.1 Definitions for Slurry Flows;40
7.2;2.2 Conservation Equations for One-Dimensional Flows;42
7.3;2.3 Multiparticle Drag Relationships;44
7.4;2.4 Forces in Transient Flows;45
7.5;2.5 Settling of Monodisperse Suspensions;46
7.6;2.6 Flocculated Slurries;48
7.7;2.7 Fluidization of Monodisperse Mixtures;49
7.8;2.8 Multispecies Systems;50
7.9;2.9 Particle—Particle Forces in the Momentum Equation;53
7.10;2.10 Stresses in Flowing Granular Solids;56
7.11;2.11 Liquefaction and Compaction;61
7.12;2.12 Pressure Wave Propagation;61
8;Chapter 3. Homogeneous Slurries;66
8.1;3.1 Homogeneity;66
8.2;3.2 Shear in Pipe Flow;67
8.3;3.3 Shear in an Annulus;69
8.4;3.4 Integrated Equations for Viscometric Flows;70
8.5;3.5 Newtonian Slurries;74
8.6;3.6 Distribution Effects;77
8.7;3.7 High Solids Concentrations;77
8.8;3.8 Particle Shape;78
8.9;3.9 Electroviscous and Surface Effects;78
8.10;3.10 Yield Stresses;79
8.11;3.11 Shear Thinning;83
8.12;3.12 Time Dependence;85
8.13;3.13 Shear Thickening;85
8.14;3.14 Emulsions;86
8.15;3.15 Drag Reduction;87
8.16;3.16 Fiber Suspensions;87
8.17;3.17 Oscillating and Falling-Ball Viscometry;89
9;Chapter 4. Calculations for Homogeneous Flows;90
9.1;4.1 Concentric Cylinder Viscometry;90
9.2;4.2 Tube Viscometry;95
9.3;4.3 Wall Slip and Nonhomogeneous Flow;98
9.4;4.4 Turbulent Flow;100
9.5;4.5 Slurries Containing Coarse Particles;104
9.6;4.6 Laminar-Turbulent Transition;104
9.7;4.7 Scaleup Using Turbulent Flow Data;105
10;Chapter 5. Correlations for Nonhomogeneous Slurries;108
10.1;5.1 Introduction;108
10.2;5.2 Deposition Velocity;109
10.3;5.3 Headloss Correlations for Horizontal Flow;114
10.4;5.4 Broad Size Distributions;118
10.5;5.5 Regime-Specific Correlations;122
10.6;5.6 Turian-Yuen Correlation;122
10.7;5.7 Vertical Flows;125
10.8;5.8 Velocity and Concentration Effects in Vertical Flow;127
10.9;5.9 Minimum Velocity for Vertical Flow;128
10.10;5.10 Mean Density from Pressure Drop;128
10.11;5.11 Inclined Pipes;129
11;Chapter 6. The Two-Layer Model;132
11.1;6.1 Origin of the Model;132
11.2;6.2 The Two-Layer Model;133
11.3;6.3 Sample Calculation: Two-Layer Model;138
11.4;6.4 Developments in the Model;140
11.5;6.5 Effects of Particle Diameter and Fluid Viscosity;141
11.6;6.6 Inclined Flows;142
11.7;6.7 Inclined Pipes at Shutdown;143
11.8;6.8 Deposition and the Model;144
12;Chapter 7. Microscopic Modeling of Slurry Flows;148
12.1;7.1 The Need for Models;148
12.2;7.2 Concentration Distributions in a Closed Channel;149
12.3;7.3 The Diffusion Model;149
12.4;7.4 Fine-Sand Concentration Distributions;152
12.5;7.5 Coarse-Sand Concentration Distributions;154
12.6;7.6 Modifying the Diffusion Model;156
12.7;7.7 Velocity Distributions;159
12.8;7.8 Modeling Velocity Distributions;161
12.9;7.9 Interpreting Experimental Headlosses;164
12.10;7.10 Interpreting Deposition Velocities;166
13;Chapter 8. Wear in Slurry Equipment;168
13.1;8.1 Introduction;168
13.2;8.2 Wear Mechanisms;169
13.3;8.3 Effect of Local Parameters on Wear;173
13.4;8.4 Effect of Corrosion;174
13.5;8.5 Effect of Material;176
13.6;8.6 Wear Prediction;177
13.7;8.7 Experimental and Computational Aspects;180
13.8;8.8 Wear in Slurry Equipment;187
14;Chapter 9. Pumps and Feeders;196
14.1;9.1 Pumping Equipment for Slurries;196
14.2;9.2 Centrifugal Slurry Pumps;198
14.3;9.3 Piston and Plunger Pumps;217
14.4;9.4 Diaphragm Pumps;221
14.5;9.5 Feeders;222
15;Chapter 10. Instrumentation;226
15.1;10.1 Measurements and Material Balances;226
15.2;10.2 Wall Sampling;226
15.3;10.3 Sampling: L Probes;229
15.4;10.4 Radiation Absorption;232
15.5;10.5 Radiometric Concentration Distributions;235
15.6;10.6 Weighing;236
15.7;10.7 Concentration from Pressure Drop;236
15.8;10.8 Electrical Methods for Concentration;237
15.9;10.9 Venturi Meters;239
15.10;10.10 Pipe Elbow Meter;240
15.11;10.11 Magnetic Flux Flowmeters;241
15.12;10.12 Ultrasonic Flowmeters;244
15.13;10.13 Transit Time Methods;247
15.14;10.14 Coriolis Meter;249
15.15;10.15 Visualization and Image Analysis;250
15.16;10.16 Laser Doppler Velocimetry;251
16;Chapter 11. Design and Operation Considerations;254
16.1;11.1 Losses in Flow Through Fittings;254
16.2;11.2 Flow Patterns and Segregation in Fittings;256
16.3;11.3 Inclined Pipes;260
16.4;11.4 Gas-Slurry Flows;264
16.5;11.5 Pulsating Flows;267
16.6;11.6 Open Channel Flows;267
16.7;11.7 Particle Degradation During Flow;269
16.8;11.8 Heat Transfer to or from Slurries;272
16.9;11.9 System Layout;275
16.10;11.10 Scale Deposits in Slurry Pipes;279
16.11;11.11 Effects of Concentration Variation of Pump–Pipe Systems;282
17;Appendices 1: Microscopic Equations of Motion for HomogeneousMedia;286
18;Appendices 2: Microscopic Equations of Motion for Fluid–Particle Mixtures;292
19;Appendices 3: Useful Data;296
20;Appendices 4: BASIC Program for Two-Layer Model;298
21;Appendices 5: Notation;304
22;Bibliography;312
23;References;313
24;Index;334