Zelisko Bio-Inspired Silicon-Based Materials

1. Auflage 2014
ISBN: 978-94-017-9439-8
Verlag: Springer Netherlands
Format: PDF
Kopierschutz: 1 - PDF Watermark

E-Book, Englisch, Band 5, 132 Seiten

Reihe: Advances in Silicon Science

The contributed volume addresses a wide range of topics including, but not limited to, biotechnology, synthetic chemistry, polymer chemistry and materials chemistry. The book will serve as a specialized review of the field of biologically inspired silicon-based structures. Researchers studying biologically inspired silicon materials chemistry will find this volume invaluable.

Autoren/Hrsg.

Zelisko, Paul M.

Inhaltsverzeichnis

1;Contents;6
2;Contributors;8
3;Chapter-1;10
3.1;Silicon in a Biological Environment;10
3.1.1;1.1 Silicon-Based Life: Science-Fiction?;10
3.1.2;1.2 Not Science Fiction After All: Plants, Diatoms, and Sponges;11
3.1.2.1;1.2.1 Plants;11
3.1.2.2;1.2.2 Marine Organisms;12
3.1.2.2.1;1.2.2.1 Diatoms;12
3.1.2.2.2;1.2.2.2 Sponges;13
3.1.3;1.3 Drawing Inspiration from Nature;15
3.1.3.1;1.3.1 Applications in Agriculture;15
3.1.3.2;1.3.2 Silicon in Human Health and Medicine;15
3.1.3.2.1;1.3.2.1 Silicon in Food and in the Human Body;16
3.1.3.2.2;1.3.2.2 Silicon in Medicine;19
3.1.3.2.2.1;1.3.2.2.1 Silicon-Containing Molecules with Medicinal Applications;19
3.1.3.2.2.2;1.3.2.2.2 Biomedical Devices Based on Silicon;21
3.1.4;References;24
4;Chapter-2;28
4.1;The Role of Silicates in the Synthesis of Sugars Under Prebiotic Conditions;28
4.1.1;2.1Sugars and Life;28
4.1.2;2.2The Formose Reaction;28
4.1.3;2.3The Interaction(s) of Carbohydrates with Silicates;30
4.1.4;2.4Summary;33
4.1.5;References;34
5;Chapter-3;35
5.1;Protease-Mediated Hydrolysis and Condensation of Tetra- and Trialkoxysilanes;35
5.1.1;3.1Introduction;35
5.1.1.1;3.1.1Biosilica Synthesis;35
5.1.2;3.2Enzyme-Mediated Hydrolysis and Condensation of Alkoxysilanes;37
5.1.3;3.3Hydrolysis and Condensation of Organically Modified Alkoxysilanes;39
5.1.4;3.4Active Site Considerations;41
5.1.5;3.5Conclusions;43
5.1.6;References;44
6;Chapter-4;46
6.1;Bioinspired Silica for Enzyme Immobilisation: A Comparison with Traditional Methods;46
6.1.1;4.1 Introduction to Enzymes;46
6.1.2;4.2 Enzyme Immobilisation Overview;47
6.1.2.1;4.2.1 Outline of Enzyme Immobilisation Techniques;49
6.1.2.2;4.2.2 Supports;49
6.1.3;4.3 Immobilisation Techniques;51
6.1.3.1;4.3.1 Evaluation and Comparison of Biocatalyst Performance;51
6.1.3.2;4.3.2 Lipase;52
6.1.3.3;4.3.3 Covalent Binding;53
6.1.3.4;4.3.4 Adsorption;55
6.1.3.5;4.3.5 Cross-Linking;57
6.1.3.6;4.3.6 Entrapment/Encapsulation;58
6.1.4;4.4 Bioinspired Silica for Enzyme Immobilisation;62
6.1.5;4.5 Conclusion;65
6.1.6;4.6 Acknowledgments;65
6.1.7;References;66
7;Chapter-5;70
7.1;On The Immobilization of Candida antarctica Lipase B onto Surface Modified Porous Silica Gel Particles;70
7.1.1;5.1 Introduction;70
7.1.2;5.2 Experimental;72
7.1.2.1;5.2.1 Materials;72
7.1.2.2;5.2.2 Enzyme Immobilization Protocol;73
7.1.2.3;5.2.3 Enzyme Activity Assay;73
7.1.2.4;5.2.4 Instrumental Methods;74
7.1.2.5;5.2.5 Results and Discussion;74
7.1.2.6;5.2.6 CALB Immobilization on Surface Modified Porous Silica Gel Particles;74
7.1.2.7;5.2.7 Thermal Stability of the Immobilized CALB;74
7.1.2.8;5.2.8 Support Material Swelling;77
7.1.2.9;5.2.9 Conclusions;78
7.1.3;References;78
8;Chapter-6;80
8.1;Enzymatic Modification and Polymerization of Siloxane-Containing Materials;80
8.1.1;6.1 Introduction;80
8.1.2;6.2 Enzyme-Mediated Catalysis of Siloxane-Containing Materials;81
8.1.3;6.3 Structural Characterization of Siloxane-Containing Polyesters;82
8.1.4;6.4 Elongation Kinetics;84
8.1.4.1;6.4.1 CPr-TMDS and 3HP-TMDS;84
8.1.4.2;6.4.2 CPr-TMDS and HA-PDMS;85
8.1.4.3;6.4.3 A Comparsion of Acyl-Donors;86
8.1.5;6.5 Thermal Properties of Disiloxane Containing Polyesters;88
8.1.6;6.6 A Comparison of the Activation Energy for N435-Mediated Polyesterification Reactions;88
8.1.7;6.7 Residual Activity of Novozyme-435;89
8.1.8;6.8 Thermal Tolerance and Repeated Use of Novozyme-435;90
8.1.9;6.9 Enzymatic Deacylation of 1,3-Bis(3-Acetoxypropyl)-1,1,3,3-Tetramethyldisiloxane;92
8.1.10;6.10 Conclusions;93
8.1.11;References;95
9;Chapter-7;97
9.1;Design and Thermal Properties of Interpenetrating and Intercrosslinked Biosilicate Materials;97
9.1.1;7.1 Introduction;97
9.1.2;7.2 Biohybrid Materials;99
9.1.3;7.3 Biohybrid Material Thermal Properties;103
9.1.4;7.4 Conclusions;107
9.1.5;References;107
10;Chapter-8;109
10.1;Bioactive Amino Acids, Peptides and Peptidomimetics Containing Silicon;109
10.1.1;8.1 Silicon in Amino Acids and Peptides;109
10.1.2;8.2 Where Silicon Can—and Cannot—be Used;109
10.1.3;8.3 Silicon Containing Amino Acids [2];111
10.1.3.1;8.3.1 The ?-Silyl Amino Acids;111
10.1.3.2;8.3.2 The ?-Silyl Amino Acids;112
10.1.4;8.4 Silanediol Protease Inhibitors;115
10.1.4.1;8.4.1 Design and Activity;115
10.1.4.2;8.4.2 Silanediol Synthesis;117
10.1.4.3;8.4.3 An HIV Protease Inhibitor;118
10.1.4.4;8.4.4 Thermolysin Inhibitor;119
10.1.4.5;8.4.5 Angiotension-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors;120
10.1.5;8.5 Improved Chemistries for Silanediol Inhibitor Construction;122
10.1.5.1;8.5.1 ?-Alkyl-?-Silyl Acids;122
10.1.5.1.1;8.5.1.1 Asymmetric Hydroboration of 2,5-Dihydrosiloles;122
10.1.5.1.2;8.5.1.2 Asymmetric Intramolecular Hydrosilylation;123
10.1.5.2;8.5.2 ?-Alkyl-?-Amino Silanes;124
10.1.5.2.1;8.5.2.1 Asymmetric Reduction of a Silyl Ketone;124
10.1.5.2.2;8.5.2.2 Asymmetric Reverse-aza-Brook Rearrangment;125
10.1.5.2.3;8.5.2.3 Silyllithium Addition to Sulfinimines;125
10.1.6;8.6 Future Prospects;126
10.1.7;References;127
11;Index;130