Bajaj Plant Protoplasts and Genetic Engineering II

1989
ISBN: 978-3-642-74454-9
Verlag: Springer
Format: PDF
Kopierschutz: 1 - PDF Watermark

E-Book, Englisch, Band 9, 499 Seiten, eBook

Reihe: Biotechnology in Agriculture and Forestry

Zielgruppe

Professional/practitioner

Autoren/Hrsg.

Bajaj, Y. P. S.

Inhaltsverzeichnis

I Genetic Engineering and In Vitro Manipulation of Plant Cells — Technical Advances.- 1 Introduction.- 2 Somatic Hybrids and Cybrids.- 3 Recombinant DNA Technology and Transformation.- 4 Uptake and Incorporation of Organelles, Viruses, Bacteria, and Fungi by Protoplasts.- 5 Newer Techniques for Genetic Engineering.- 6 Conclusions.- References.- II Genetic Manipulation: Generative Versus Somatic.- 1 Introduction.- 2 The Structure of a Plant Breeding Program.- 3 Construction and Isolation of a Desired Genotype.- 4 Reproductive Systems.- 5 Conclusions and Prospects.- References.- III Uptake and Integration of Exogenous DNA in Plants.- 1 Introduction.- 2 A Brief History of Plant Genetic Transformation.- 3 Uptake of Purified DNA by Seeds, Seedlings, and Plant Cells.- 4 Uptake of Purified DNA by Gametes.- 5 Uptake of Purified DNA by Protoplasts.- 6 Nature of Expression Vectors Used in Direct Gene Transfer.- 7 Integration of Foreign DNA Taken up by Protoplasts.- 8 Present Status and Conclusions.- References.- IV DNA Recombinants and Transformation of Agricultural Crops.- 1 Introduction.- 2 The Agrobacterium System.- 3 Vector Systems.- 4 Transfer and Expression of Foreign DNA in Plant Cells.- 5 Use of Selectable Reporter Genes in Plant Cells.- 6 Plant Transformation Systems.- 7 Use of Reverse Genetics Techniques to Study Plant Gene Regulation.- 8 Variability of Transformed Plants.- 9 Conclusions.- References.- V Genetically Transformed Maize (Zea mays L.) Plants from Protoplasts.- 1 Introduction.- 2 Methodology and Experimental Results.- 3 Summary and Conclusions.- References.- VI Protoplast Culture and Transformation Studies on Rice.- 1 Introduction.- 2 Isolation and Culture of Rice Protoplasts.- 3 Recent Progress in Culture and Regeneration of Rice Protoplasts (1984–1987).- 4 Transformation of Rice Protoplasts by Spheroplast Treatment.- 5 Introduction and Expression of Foreign Genes in Gramineae Plants.- 6 Summary and Conclusion.- References.- VII Transformation in Potato.- 1 Introduction.- 2 Transformation Studies in Potato for Resistance to Phytophthora infestans.- 3 Techniques and Material Used for Transformation Studies.- 4 Results.- 5 Other Studies on Transformation in Potato.- 6 Significance of the Work and Its Prospects.- References.- VIII Transformation in Cotton.- 1 General Account.- 2 Transformation and Plant Regeneration in Cotton.- 3 Conclusions and Prospects.- References.- IX Transformation in Populus spp..- 1 Introduction.- 2 Genetic Transformation of Populus.- 3 Conclusions.- References.- X Transformation in Vinca rosea L.: An Example of Spheroplast Method for Gene Transfer.- 1 Introduction.- 2 Techniques.- 3 Technical Problems in the Spheroplast Method.- 4 Mechanism of Introduction of Spheroplasts into Protoplasts.- 5 Introduction of E. coli Spheroplasts into Protoplasts.- 6 Summary and Conclusion.- References.- XI Transformation in Hyoscyamus.- 1 Introduction.- 2 In Vitro Transformation of Protoplast-Derived H. muticus Cells by A. tumefaciens.- 3 Summary and Conclusions.- References.- XII Genetic Manipulation in Brassica.- 1 Introduction.- 2 Protoplast Fusion.- 3 Transformation.- 4 Conclusion.- References.- XIII Direct Gene Transfer in Protoplasts of Nicotiana plumbaginifolia.- 1 Introduction.- 2 A Simple Chemical Procedure for the Stable Transformation of Nicotiana plumbaginifolia Protoplasts.- 3 Stable Transformation of Nicotiana plumbaginifolia by Electroporation.- 4 Transient Expression of a Foreign Gene Introduced by a PEG Treatment into Nicotiana plumbaginifolia Protoplasts.- 5 Discussion.- References.- XIV Microinjection of Cells and Protoplasts: Integration of Foreign DNA.- 1 Introduction.- 2 Techniques.- 3 Uptake and Integration of DNA.- 4 Future Directions.- 5 Protocol.- References.- XV Electrofusion: The Technique and Its Application to Somatic Hybridization.- 1 Introduction.- 2 Biophysics of Electrofusion.- 3 Application of Electrofusion to Plant Protoplasts.- 4 Conclusions and Prospects.- References.- XVI Versatile Apparatuses for Electrogene Mapping, Electrophoresis and Electrofusion.- 1 Introduction.- 2 Fundamental Theory and Physical Parameters in Electrophoresis.- 3 Versatile Apparatus for Electrophoresis Including Isoelectrofocusing.- 4 Highly Simplified Horizontal Electrophoretic Apparatus Including a Simple Power Supply.- 5 Protoplast Fusion by Electric Impulse Generated by the Simple Power Supply.- 6 Construction of a Versatile Apparatus for PFGE and Its Possible Application to “Electrogene Mapping”.- References.- XVII Chloroplast Genomes as Genetic Markers.- 1 Introduction.- 2 Chloroplast Genome and Its Properties.- 3 Chloroplast Genomes and Their Application as Genetic Markers.- 4 Conclusions.- References.- XVIII Flow Cytometric Analysis and Sorting of Somatic Hybrid and Transformed Protoplasts.- 1 Introduction.- 2 Flow Analysis and Sorting of Somatic Hybrid Protoplasts.- 3 Flow Analysis and Sorting of Transformed Protoplasts.- 4 Summary and Conclusions.- References.- XIX Isolation of Nuclei and Their Transplantation into Plant Protoplasts.- 1 Introduction.- 2 Sources of Nuclei.- 3 Isolation Techniques.- 4 Isolation and Purification of Nuclei.- 5 Induction of Uptake of Nuclei by Protoplasts.- 6 Post Transplantation Events.- 7 Concluding Remarks.- 8 The Protocol for Isolation and Transplantation of Nuclei.- References.- XX Chromosome Transplantation and Applications of Flow Cytometry in Plants.- 1 Introduction.- 2 Flow Cytometry and Its Application.- 3 Chromosome Isolation and Sorting.- 4 Characterization of Isolated, Flow-Sorted Chromosomes.- 5 Chromosome Transfer.- 6 Conclusions.- References.- XXI Transfer of Mitochondria Through Protoplast Fusion.- 1 Introduction.- 2 Selection Method of Formation of Daucus Cybrid Plants by Donor-Recipient Protoplast Fusion.- 3 Characterization of Putative Cybrid Plants.- 4 Restriction and Southern Analysis of mtDNA’s from Carrot Cybrids.- 5 Conclusion.- References.- XXII Incorporation of the Firefly Luciferase Gene into Plant Cells.- 1 Introduction.- 2 The Firefly Luciferase.- 3 Expression of the CaMV 35S-Luciferase Chimeric Gene.- 4 Spatial Pattern of Gene Expression.- 5 Expression of Luciferase in Cultured Cells.- 6 Transient Expression Studies.- 7 Conclusions and Prospects.- 8 Protocol.- References.- XXIII Uptake of Viruses by Plant Protoplasts and Their Use as Transforming Agents.- 1 Introduction.- 2 Chemical Methods for the Inoculation of Plant Protoplasts.- 3 Electrical and Physicochemical Methods for the Inoculation of Plant Protoplasts.- 4 Liposome Carriers for the Inoculation of Protoplasts.- 5 Efficiency of Inoculation Procedure.- 6 Virus Uptake and Transformation.- 7 Summary and Conclusions.- References.- XXIV Uptake of Fungal Protoplasts by Plant Protoplasts.- 1 Introduction.- 2 Protoplast Isolation.- 3 Initiation of Fusion Between Plant and Fungal Protoplasts.- 4 Prolonged Incubation of Plant-Fungal Protoplasts.- 5 The Fate of Plant-Fungal Protoplasts.- 6 Conclusions.- 7 Summary Protocol.- References.- XXV Chloroplast Uptake and Genetic Complementation.- 1 Chloroplast Uptake.- 2 The Preparation of Material.- 3 Genetic Complementation.- 4 A Summary — The Agronomic Potentials of Chloroplast Uptake.- 5 The Potential for the Uptake of Blue Green Algae.- 6 Conclusions and Prospects.- References.- XXVI Cytoplasts: Isolation and Uses.- 1 Introduction.- 2 Cytoplasts.- 3 Uses of Cytoplasts.- 4 Conclusions and Prospects.- References.- XXVII Vacuoles: Isolation, Purification, and Uses.- 1 Introduction.- 2 General Methods of Isolation.- 3 Purification Procedures.- 4 Isolation and Purification Scheme.- 5 Uses of Vacuoles.- 6 Conclusions.- References.- XXVIII Miniprotoplasts and Their Use in Genetic Engineering.- 1 Introduction.- 2 Types of Subprotoplasts.- 3 Methods for Fragmentation of Protoplasts.- 4 Characterization of Miniprotoplasts.- 5 Use and Significance of Miniprotoplasts in Cell Manipulation and Genetic Engineering.- 6 Summary and Conclusions.- References.