Infrared and Raman Spectroscopy in Forensic Science

1. Auflage 2012
ISBN: 978-0-470-74906-7
Verlag: Turner Publishing Company

Buch, Englisch, 646 Seiten, Format (B × H): 200 mm x 263 mm, Gewicht: 1336 g

This book will provide a survey of the major areas in which information derived from vibrational spectroscopy investigations and studies have contributed to the benefit of forensic science, either in a complementary or a unique way. This is highlighted by examples taken from real case studies and analyses of forensic relevance, which provide a focus for current and future applications and developments.

Autoren/Hrsg.

Chalmers, John M

Edwards, Howell G M

Hargreaves, Michael D

Fachgebiete

• Rechtswissenschaften Strafrecht Rechtsmedizin, Forensik
• Naturwissenschaften Chemie Analytische Chemie Magnetresonanz
• Medizin | Veterinärmedizin Medizin | Public Health | Pharmazie | Zahnmedizin Medizinische Fachgebiete Forensik, Rechtsmedizin, Gerichtsmedizin

Inhaltsverzeichnis

About the Editors xxi

List of Contributors xxiii

Preface xxvii

SECTION I: INTRODUCTION 1

1 Introduction and Scope 3
John M. Chalmers, Howell G.M. Edwards and Michael D. Hargreaves

1.1 Historical Prologue 3

1.2 The Application of Infrared Spectroscopy and Raman Spectroscopy in Forensic Science 5

References 7

2 Vibrational Spectroscopy Techniques: Basics and Instrumentation 9
John M. Chalmers, Howell G.M. Edwards and Michael D. Hargreaves

2.1 Introduction 9

2.2 Vibrational Spectroscopy Techniques 9

2.3 Vibrational Spectroscopy: Instrumentation 22

2.4 Closing Remarks 40

References 40

3 Vibrational Spectroscopy Sampling Techniques 45
John M. Chalmers, Howell G.M. Edwards and Michael D. Hargreaves

3.1 Introduction 45

3.2 Vibrational Spectroscopy: Sampling Techniques 47

3.3 Closing Remarks 81

Acknowledgements 81

References 82

SECTION II: CRIMINAL SCENE 87

4 Criminal Forensic Analysis 89
Edward G. Bartick

4.1 Introduction 89

4.2 Forensic Analysis 90

4.3 General Use of IR and Raman Spectroscopy in Forensic Analysis 91

4.4 Applications of Evidential Material Analysis 93

4.5 Summary and Future Direction 105

Acknowledgements 106

References 106

4.1 Forensic Analysis of Hair by Infrared Spectroscopy 111
Kathryn S. Kalasinsky

References 119

4.2 Raman Spectroscopy for Forensic Analysis of Household and Automotive Paints 121
Steven E.J. Bell, Samantha P. Stewart and W.J. Armstrong

References 135

4.3 Raman Spectroscopy for the Characterisation of Inks on Written Documents 137
A. Guedes and A.C. Prieto

References 149

4.4 Forensic Analysis of Fibres by Vibrational Spectroscopy 153
Peter M. Fredericks

Acknowledgement 168

References 168

4.5 In Situ Crime Scene Analysis 171
Edward G. Bartick

Acknowledgements 183

References 183

4.6 Raman spectroscopy gains currency 185
R. Withnall, A. Reip and J. Silver

Acknowledgements 203

References 203

SECTION III: COUNTER TERRORISM AND HOMELAND SECURITY 205

5 Counter Terrorism and Homeland Security 207
Vincent Otieno-Alego and Naomi Speers

5.1 Introduction 207

5.2 Infrared and Raman Spectroscopy for Explosives Identification 208

5.3 Portable IR and Raman Instruments 213

5.4 Post-Blast Examinations 217

5.5 Detection of Explosives in Fingerprints 217

5.6 Spatially Offset Raman Spectroscopy 218

5.7 Terahertz Spectroscopy of Explosives 221

5.8 Summary 226

Glossary 227

References 228

5.1 Tracing Bioagents - a Vibrational Spectroscopic Approach for a Fast and Reliable Identification of Bioagents 233
P. REURosch, U. MEURunchberg, S. StEURockel and J. Popp

Acknowledgement 246

References 246

5.2 Raman Spectroscopic Studies of Explosives and Precursors: Applications and Instrumentation 251
Mary L. Lewis, Ian R. Lewis and Peter R. Griffiths

References 269

5.3 Handheld Raman and FT-IR Spectrometers 275
Michael D. Hargreaves, Robert L. Green, Wayne Jalenak, Christopher D. Brown and Craig Gardner

Disclaimer 286

References 286

5.4 Non-Invasive Detection of Concealed Liquid and Powder Explosives using Spatially Offset Raman spectroscopy 289
Kevin Buckley and Pavel Matousek

References 294

5.5 Terahertz Frequency Spectroscopy and its Potential for Security Applications 295
A.D. Burnett, A.G. Davies, P. Dean, J.E. Cunningham and E.H. Linfield

Acknowledgements 309

References 310

SECTION IV: DRUGS AND DRUGS OF ABUSE 315

6 Raman Spectroscopy of Drugs of Abuse 317
Steven E.J. Bell, Samantha P. Stewart and S.J. Speers

6.1 Introduction 317

6.2 Bulk Drugs 317

6.3 Trace Detection 328

6.4 Conclusions 335

References 336

6.1 Drugs of Abuse - Application of Handheld FT-IR and Raman Spectrometers 339
Michael D. Hargreaves

Disclaimer 348

References 348

6.2 Non-Invasive Detection of Illicit Drugs Using Spatially Offset Raman Spectroscopy 351
Kevin Buckley and Pavel Matousek

References 356

6.3 Detection of Drugs of Abuse Using Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering 357
Karen Faulds and W. Ewen Smith

References 365

SECTION V: ART 367

7 Vibrational Spectroscopy as a Tool for Tracing Art Forgeries 369
A. Deneckere, P. Vandenabeele and L. Moens

7.1 Introduction 369

7.2 How to Trace Art Forgeries with Vibrational Spectroscopy? 371

7.3 Conclusion 380

Acknowledgements 380

References 380

7.1 Identification of Dyes and Pigments by Vibrational Spectroscopy 383
Juan Manuel Madariaga

References 396

7.2 The Vinland Map: An Authentic Relic of Early Exploration or a Modern Forgery - Raman Spectroscopy in a Pivotal Role? 401
Howell G.M. Edwards

References 407

7.3 Study of Manuscripts by Vibrational Spectroscopy 409
Lucia Burgio

Acknowledgements 415

References 415

SECTION VI: ARCHAEOLOGY AND MINERALOGY 419

8 Infrared and Raman Spectroscopy: Forensic Applications in Mineralogy 421
J. Jehlicka

8.1 Introduction 421

8.2 Applications of Raman Spectroscopy for Provenancing 423

8.3 Raman Spectroscopy of Minerals 423

8.4 Opals 428

8.5 Natural Glass 428

8.6 Meteorites 429

8.7 Identification and Provenancing of Gemstones 430

8.8 Common Minerals 433

8.9 Databases 434

8.10 Identification of Inclusions in Minerals 434

8.11 Raman Mapping Techniques 436

8.12 Analyses Outdoors and On Site 437

8.13 Applications of Raman Spectroscopy to the Provenancing of Rocks 438

8.14 Summary 438

Acknowledgements 439

References 439

8.1 Identification of Ivory by Conventional Backscatter Raman and SORS 447
Michael D. Hargreaves and Howell G.M. Edwards

Disclaimer 453

References 454

8.2 Applications to the Study of Gems and Jewellery 455
Lore Kiefert, Marina Epelboym, Hpone-Phyo Kan-Nyunt and Susan Paralusz

Acknowledgements 467

References 467

8.3 Raman Spectroscopy of Ceramics and Glasses 469
Paola Ricciardi and Philippe Colomban

References 478

8.4 Raman Spectroscopy at Longer Excitation Wavelengths Applied to the Forensic Analysis of Archaeological Specimens: A Novel Aspect of Forensic Geoscience 481
Howell G.M. Edwards

Acknowledgements 509

References 510

SECTION VII: COUNTERFEIT CONSUMER PRODUCTS 513

9 Counterfeit Consumer Products 515
Andrew J. O'Neil

9.1 Background 515

9.2 Anti-Counterfeiting Organisations 515

9.3 Definition of a Counterfeit Product 516

9.4 Counterfeit Product Spectroscopic Analysis 516

9.5 Case Studies Using Mid-infrared, Raman and Near-infrared Spectroscopies and NIR Multispectral Imaging 529

9.6 Case Study I: Counterfeit Clothing 532

9.7 Case Study II: Counterfeit Aftershave 536

9.8 Case Study III: Counterfeit Medicines 540

9.9 Case Study IV: Counterfeit Product Packaging 549

9.10 Case Study V: Counterfeit Royal Mail First Class Stamps 551

9.11 Case Study VI: Counterfeit Bank of England Banknotes 552

9.12 Conclusion 555

References 557

9.1 Raman Spectroscopy for the Analysis of Counterfeit Tablets 561
Kaho Kwok and Lynne S. Taylor

Acknowledgements 571

References 571

9.2 Examination of Counterfeit Pharmaceutical Labels 573
Mark R. Witkowski and Mary W. Carrabba

Disclaimer 582

Acknowledgements 582

References 582

9.3 Vibrational Spectroscopy for "Food Forensics" 583
Victoria L. Brewster and Royston Goodacre

Acknowledgements 589

References 589

9.4 Infrared Spectroscopy for the Detection of Adulteration in Foods 593
Banu Özen and Figen Tokatli

References 599

Index 603