Daw Visual Development

2. Auflage 2006
ISBN: 978-0-387-30484-7
Verlag: Springer US
Format: PDF
Kopierschutz: 1 - PDF Watermark

E-Book, Englisch, 268 Seiten, eBook

This book will discuss visual development, leading on to visual deprivation, where the development is disturbed by faults in the optics or motor control of the eye. Visual deprivation is an important and fascinating subject from severalpointsofview:clinical,philosophical,historical,andscienti?c. Many general questions in these areas have been framed over the years in terms of the visual system. This is not surprising, because we are visual animals. If dogs ruled the world, the title of this book would beOlfactoryDevelopment. As it is, vision is our most important sense, and the ?rst that we think of in discussing scienti?c and philosophical questions. A large number of people have personally experienced some form of - sualdeprivation. Anythingthataffectstheimagesontheretinasofyoungch- dren can have lasting effects on the part of the brain that processes visual s- nals. This can occur if one eye is in focus, but the other is not; if vertical lines areinfocus,buthorizontallinesarenot;ifthetwoeyeslookindifferentdir- tions (strabismus); if the lens of one or both eyes is cloudy (cataract); or if the eyeballgrowssomuchthatobjectscannolongerbefocusedontheretina. F- quently these conditions lead to poor vision in one or both eyes as a result of changes that have occurred in the central visual system, even after the images ontheretinasaremadeclearandcoordinated. AftertheGreeks,thisisnamed amblyopia, meaning blunt vision or dull vision. The colloquial term for - blyopia islazyeye. Between 2% and 4% of the population may become - blyopic from visual deprivation. Philosophersbecameinterestedinthesubjectofvisualdeprivationwhen William Molyneux posed his famous question in the late 17th century.

Zielgruppe

Research

Autoren/Hrsg.

Daw, Nigel

Inhaltsverzeichnis

Introduction.- Functional Organization of the Visual System.- Development of Visual Capabilities.- Anatomical Development of the Visual System.- Development of Receptive Field Properties.- Modifications to the Visual Input that Lead to Nervous System Changes.- Physiological and Anatomical Changes that result from Optical and Motor Deficits.- What is Amblyopia?- Critical Periods.- Concepts of Plasticity.- Mechanisms of Plasticity in the Visual Cortex.- LTP and LTD as Early Steps in Ocular Dominance PLasticity.- Deprivation Myopia and Emmetropization.- Glossary.- Index.