The Mixing of Rubber

1997
ISBN: 978-0-412-80490-8
Verlag: Springer Netherlands

Buch, Englisch, 242 Seiten, HC runder Rücken kaschiert, Format (B × H): 160 mm x 241 mm, Gewicht: 1210 g

Despite mature applications, advanced technology, and high volume, rubber compounding has never had a book of its own. Today, emerging applications such as tire reclamation and smoke-resistant cables combine with an industry push into engineering materials to create new kinds of compounds with new quality control problems. The Mixing of Rubber has been developed over several years in conjunction with the Farrel Corp./Connecticut Rubber Group course to educate the hands-on compounder and the end user as well. It covers machinery, mixing, process control, quality control, plant operations and mixing advice for specific compounds. Like the course, the book assumes no prior knowledge of rubber compounding but leads the technologist through the process from mix procedure to test.

Zielgruppe

Research

Autoren/Hrsg.

Grossman, R. F.

Fachgebiete

• Naturwissenschaften Chemie Organische Chemie
• Technische Wissenschaften Verfahrenstechnik | Chemieingenieurwesen | Biotechnologie Kautschuktechnologie
• Technische Wissenschaften Maschinenbau | Werkstoffkunde Technische Mechanik | Werkstoffkunde Werkstoffkunde, Materialwissenschaft: Forschungsmethoden
• Technische Wissenschaften Verfahrenstechnik | Chemieingenieurwesen | Biotechnologie Technologie der Kunststoffe und Polymere
• Technische Wissenschaften Maschinenbau | Werkstoffkunde Technische Mechanik | Werkstoffkunde Werkstoffprüfung

Inhaltsverzeichnis

1 Mixing machinery for rubber.- 1.1 Introduction.- 1.2 Two-roll mills.- 1.3 Internal batch mixers.- 1.4 Continuous mixers.- 1.5 Development of the Banbury mixer.- 1.6 Operating variables.- 2 Mixing cycles and procedures.- 2.1 Cost of internal mixing.- 2.2 Unit operations in mixing.- 2.3 Single-pass versus multiple-pass mixing.- 2.4 Types of mix cycle.- 2.5 Analysis of changes to the mix procedure.- References.- 3 Mill mixing.- 3.1 Introduction.- 3.2 Acceleration of first-pass compound.- 3.3 Mill mixing of specialty compounds.- 3.4 Acceleration in line with internal mixing.- 4 Quality control and the mixing process.- 4.1 Introduction.- 4.2 Testing of raw materials.- 4.3 Control of composition.- 4.4 Tracking the mix cycle.- 4.5 Compound testing.- 5 Statistical process control for industrial mixing.- 5.1 Introduction.- 5.2 Basic SPC charting.- 5.3 Rheometer data and its meaning.- 5.4 A case history.- 5.5 Summary.- 5.6 Mixing control software.- References.- 6 Additives that affect mixing.- 6.1 Introduction.- 6.2 Peptizers in natural rubber.- 6.3 Peptizers in SBR.- 6.4 Peptizers in sulfur-containing polymers.- 6.5 Additives to increase viscosity.- 6.6 Preventing unwanted chemical reactions.- References.- 7 Operation and maintenance of mixing equipment.- 7.1 Inspection of Banbury mixers.- 7.2 Mixer maintenance and lubrication.- 7.3 Anticipating required service.- 7.4 Dust stop maintenance.- 7.5 SSA dust stops.- 7.6 Banbury mixer: hydraulic dust stops.- 8 Mixing procedures for specific compounds.- 8.1 Introduction.- 8.2 EPDM expansion joint cover.- 8.3 Expansion joint intermediate layer.- 8.4 Traffic counter treadle cover.- 8.5 SBR/IR belt cover.- 8.6 EPDM low voltage electrical connector.- 8.7 Peroxide-cured black-filled EPDM compounds.- 8.8 EPDM concrete pipe gasket.- 8.9 SBR insulation.- 8.10 Injection-molded NBR gasket.- 8.11 CR/SBR blend.- 8.12 Low durometer CR/SBR blend.- 8.13 CR specification compounds.- 8.14 Charge-dissipating CR tubing.- 8.15 Nonblack CR for injection molding.- 8.16 Hard rubber industrial wheel.- 8.17 High durometer NBR masterbatch.- 8.18 NBR/PVC cable jacket.- 8.19 NBR/PVC/SBR blend.- 8.20 Butyl masterbatch.- 8.21 Butyl masterbatch, heat interacted.- 8.22 Chlorobutyl/NR blend.- 8.23 CSM cord jacket.- 8.24 Nonblack millable urethane.- 8.25 ECO molding compounds.- 8.26 Polyacrylate shaft seal.- 8.27 XLPE insulation.- 8.28 FKM molding compound.- 8.29 Silicone spark plug boot cover.- 9 Mixing wire and cable compounds.- 9.1 Introduction.- 9.2 Tempered water.- 9.3 Power-controlled mixing.- 9.4 Energy conservation.- References.- 10 Mixing ethylene-propylene diene rubber.- 10.1 Introduction.- 10.2 Background of EPDM development.- 10.3 Composition of EPDM elastomers.- 10.4 Variables in EPM and EPDM elastomers.- 10.5 How processing relates to structure and rheology.- 10.6 Practical guidelines for mixing EP elastomers.- 10.7 Summary.- References.- 11 Mixing of tire compounds.- 11.1 Introduction.- 11.2 Rework.- 11.3 Phase mixing.- 11.4 Natural rubber: viscosity reduction.- 11.5 Measurement of mixing efficiency.- References.- 12 Mixing fluoroelastomer (FKM) compounds.- 12.1 Introduction.- 12.2 Special considerations.- 12.3 Raw materials.- 12.4 Typical formulations.- 12.5 Internal mixing.- 12.6 Mill mixing.- 12.7 Summary.- 12.8 Accounting methods.- 13 Continuous mixing.- 13.1 The Farrel continuous mixer.- 13.2 Operating principles of the FCM.- 13.3 Commercial applications for the FCM.- 13.4 The Farrel mixing venting extruder (MVX).- 14 Evaluating the performance of internal mixers.- 14.1 Introduction and literature review.- 14.2Designing the rotor.- 14.3 Analysis of dispersive mixing.- 14.4 Results from synchronous rotors.- References.- Appendix Unit conversion tables and factors.- A.1 Conversion between Fahrenheit and Celsius.- A.2 Conversion of English units to metric units.