He / Lv / Dickerson Gas Transport in Solid Oxide Fuel Cells

2014
ISBN: 978-3-319-09737-4
Verlag: Springer Nature Switzerland
Format: PDF
Kopierschutz: 1 - PDF Watermark

E-Book, Englisch, 87 Seiten

Reihe: SpringerBriefs in Energy

This book provides a comprehensive overview of contemporary research and emerging measurement technologies associated with gas transport in solid oxide fuel cells. Within these pages, an introduction to the concept of gas diffusion in solid oxide fuel cells is presented. This book also discusses the history and underlying fundamental mechanisms of gas diffusion in solid oxide fuel cells, general theoretical mathematical models for gas diffusion, and traditional and advanced techniques for gas diffusivity measurement.

Weidong He is a Professor in the School of Energy Science and Engineering at the University of Electronic Science and Technology of China. He received his B.S. degree in applied chemistry from Harbin Institute of Technology, P.R. China, in 2007, and his Ph.D. degree in materials science from Vanderbilt University in 2012. He then went to Pacific Northwest National Laboratory for his postdoctoral research. His research involves direct measurement of gas diffusivity and ionic conductivity in fuel cells and batteries, and seeks to design efficient fuel cell/battery systems with pre-evaluated electrodes, electrolytes, and operating conditions. Weiqiang LV is an assistant professor in the School of Energy Science and Engineering at the University of Electronic Science and Technology of China. He received his B.S. degree in applied chemistry from Harbin Institute of Technology, P.R. China, in 2007, and his Ph.D. degree in chemistry from the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (HKUST) in 2013. He then served as a research associate at HKUST. His research involves the development of materials with controlled architecture for fuel cells and batteries, and the measurement of mass transport in fuel cell and batteries.James H. Dickerson II received a B.A. in physics at Amherst College in 1994 and earned his Ph.D. in condensed matter physics from the State University of New York at Stony Brook in 2002, working with Emilio Mendez.  He held a postdoctoral research scientist position at Columbia University, working with Irving Herman.  From 2004 through 2011, he was an Assistant Professor of Physics at Vanderbilt University.  In 2011, he was promoted to Associate Professor of Physics and Associate Professor of Chemistry.  In July 2013, he joined the Department of Physics at Brown University.  Since June 2012, he also has been the Assistant Director for the Center for Functional Nanomaterials at Brookhaven National Laboratory.  Dickerson investigates emerging techniques for the assembly and deposition of colloidal nanocrystalline materials into films and heterostructures, employing electrophoretic deposition. His research interests also involve the optical and magnetic properties of rare earth sesquioxide and rare earth chalcogenide nanocrystals. 

Autoren/Hrsg.

He, Weidong

Lv, Weiqiang

Dickerson, James

Inhaltsverzeichnis

1;Preface;6
2;Acknowledgments;8
3;Contents;9
4;Nomenclature;11
5;Abbreviations;13
6;1 Introduction to Gas Transport in Solid Oxide Fuel Cells;15
6.1;1.1 Introduction to SOFCs;15
6.1.1;1.1.1 Brief History of SOFC Development;15
6.1.2;1.1.2 Principles of SOFCs;16
6.1.3;1.1.3 Energy Losses in SOFCs;18
6.2;1.2 Gas Transport in SOFCs;20
6.2.1;1.2.1 General Consideration;20
6.2.2;1.2.2 The Driving Force of Gas Diffusion in Electrodes—Concentration Gradient;21
6.2.3;1.2.3 Gas Transport in the Porous Electrodes;21
6.3;References;22
7;2 Gas Diffusion Mechanisms and Models;23
7.1;2.1 Gas Diffusion in Porous Media;23
7.1.1;2.1.1 General Consideration;23
7.1.2;2.1.2 Molecular Diffusion;24
7.1.3;2.1.3 Knudsen Diffusion;25
7.2;2.2 Gas Diffusion in Porous Electrodes of Solid Oxide Fuel Cells;28
7.2.1;2.2.1 Advective–Diffusive Model;28
7.2.2;2.2.2 Maxwell–Stefan Model;28
7.2.3;2.2.3 Dusty Gas Model;29
7.2.4;2.2.4 Effective Gas Diffusion Model;30
7.3;References;30
8;3 Diffusivity Measurement Techniques;32
8.1;3.1 Diffusivity Measurement in Porous Media;32
8.2;3.2 Advanced Diffusivity Measurement Techniques in Solid Oxide Fuel Cells;35
8.3;3.3 The Role of Advanced Diffusivity Measurement Techniques in Exploring Highly Efficient Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Electrodes;40
8.3.1;3.3.1 Correlations between the Diffusivity and Concentration Polarization;40
8.3.2;3.3.2 Correlations Between Concentration Polarization and Structures of AnodesCathodes;42
8.4;3.4 Quantity Analysis of Measurement Error of the Diffusivity and Concentration Polarization;44
8.4.1;3.4.1 Current Error;44
8.4.2;3.4.2 Pressure Error;49
8.4.3;3.4.3 Temperature Error;52
8.5;References;55
9;4 Solid Oxide Fuel Cells with Improved Gas Transport;58
9.1;4.1 Introduction;58
9.2;4.2 Brief Review of SOFC Electrode Materials;59
9.3;4.3 Synthesis Methodology for Microstructure Control of SOFC Electrodes;61
9.4;4.4 Characterization Techniques of Microstructures of SOFC Electrodes;64
9.5;4.5 Correlations between Electrode Microstructures and SOFC Mass Transport;66
9.5.1;4.5.1 I–V Curve Fitting;67
9.5.2;4.5.2 Electrochemical Impedance Spectra;73
9.5.3;4.5.3 Theoretical Simulations;76
9.6;4.6 Summary;77
9.7;References;78
10;5 Conclusions and Trajectories for the Future;84
11;Index;87