Peiris / Davison / Piermarini Static Compression of Energetic Materials

1. Auflage 2009
ISBN: 978-3-540-68151-9
Verlag: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Format: PDF
Kopierschutz: 1 - PDF Watermark

E-Book, Englisch, 330 Seiten

Reihe: Shock Wave and High Pressure Phenomena

Developing and testing novel energetic materials is an expanding branch of the materials sciences. Reaction, detonation or explosion of such materials invariably produce extremely high pressures and temperatures. To study the equations-of-state (EOS) of energetic materials in extreme regimes both shock and static high pressure studies are required. The present volume is an introduction and review of theoretical, experimental and numerical aspects of static compression of such materials. Chapter 1 introduces the basic experimental tool, the diamond anvil pressure cell and the observational techniques used with it such as optical microscopy, infrared spectrometry and x-ray diffraction. Chapter 2 outlines the principles of high-nitrogen energetic materials synthesis. Chapters 3 and 4, examine and compare various EOS formalisms and data fitting for crystalline and  non-crystalline materials, respectively. Chapter 5 details the reaction kinetics of detonating energetic materials. Chapter 6 investigates the interplay between static and dynamic (shock) studies. Finally, Chapters 7 and 8 introduce numerical simulations: molecular dynamics of energetic materials under either  hydrostatic or uni-axial stress and ab-inito treatments of defects in crystalline materials. This timely volume meets the growing demand for a state-of-the art introduction and review of the most relevant aspects of static compression of energetic materials and will be a valuable reference to researchers and scientists working in academic, industrial and governmental research laboratories.

Autoren/Hrsg.

Davison, L.

Horie, Y.

Peiris, Suhithi M.

Piermarini, Gasper J.

Inhaltsverzeichnis

1;Preface;6
2;Contents;10
3;Contributors;11
4;Diamond Anvil Cell Techniques;13
4.1;1.1 Introduction;13
4.2;1.2 Invention;14
4.3;1.3 Introduction of the Gasket Technique;26
4.4;1.4 Application to X-Ray Diffraction Techniques;29
4.5;1.5 The Ruby Fluorescence Pressure Measurement Technique;36
4.6;1.6 Hydrostatic Pressure-Transmitting Media;40
4.7;1.7 Some Basic Types of DACs;47
4.8;1.8 Optical Polarizing Microscopy;55
4.9;1.9 High P–T Properties of Explosives and Propellants;56
4.10;1.10 Summary;81
4.11;Notes;82
4.12;References;82
5;Synthesis of High-Nitrogen Energetic Material;87
5.1;2.1 Introduction;87
5.2;2.2 Polymeric Nitrogen;89
5.3;2.3 Transformation from Molecular to Polymeric Nitrogen;98
5.4;2.4 Conclusions;106
5.5;References;106
6;Equations of State and High-Pressure Phases of Explosives;111
6.1;3.1 Introduction;111
6.2;3.2 Equations of State;113
6.3;3.3 High-Pressure Phases;124
6.4;3.4 Discussion and Conclusions;132
6.5;References;136
7;Equations of State of Binders and Related Polymers;139
7.1;4.1 Introduction;139
7.2;4.2 Equations of State;146
7.3;4.3 Static Experimental Methods;164
7.4;4.4 Dynamic Experimentation;189
7.5;4.5 Conclusions;207
7.6;References;207
8;Reaction Kinetics;215
8.1;5.1 Introduction;215
8.2;5.2 Kinetic Models;216
8.3;5.3 Data;220
8.4;5.4 Conclusions;228
8.5;References;229
9;Understanding Shock-Induced Changes in Molecular Crystals;231
9.1;6.1 Introduction;231
9.2;6.2 Energetic Materials Under Shock Compression;233
9.3;6.3 Effects of Non-hydrostaticity;239
9.4;6.4 High-Pressure Polymorphism of Energetic Crystals;246
9.5;6.5 Shock Initiation of PETN Crystals;253
9.6;6.6 Concluding Remarks;259
9.7;References;259
10;Equilibrium Molecular Dynamics Simulations;267
10.1;7.1 Introduction;267
10.2;7.2 A Mesoscale Perspective on Energetic Materials;268
10.3;7.3 The Method of Molecular Dynamics;270
10.4;7.4 Properties Calculated in Static High-Pressure MD Simulations;272
10.5;7.5 Design of the Simulation;273
10.6;7.6 Development of Interaction Potentials;276
10.7;7.7 Identification of Key MD Simulations to Assess Interaction Potentials;278
10.8;7.8 Interaction Potentials Used in MD Simulations of Energetic Materials;280
10.9;7.9 Obstacles to Success, Identification of Challenges to Overcome;291
10.10;References;293
11;Modeling Defect-Induced Phenomena;303
11.1;8.1 Current State of the Field and Its Challenges;303
11.2;8.2 Modeling of Structure and Properties of Energetic Materials Containing Defects;309
11.3;8.3 Modeling Initiation of Chemical Reactions;323
11.4;8.4 Summary and Discussion of Perspectives;331
11.5;References;333
12;Index;339