Rosales-Mendoza Algae-Based Biopharmaceuticals

1. Auflage 2016
ISBN: 978-3-319-32232-2
Verlag: Springer Nature Switzerland
Format: PDF
Kopierschutz: 1 - PDF Watermark

E-Book, Englisch, 166 Seiten

This book constitutes a key reference on the use of algae in the biopharmaceuticals production field; providing an updated outlook on the achievements accomplished thus far and transmitting a prospective view for this biotechnological application.

This book provides a detailed description of the technology as well as an updated outlook of the strides achieved thus far in the field of algae-based biopharmaceuticals. Algae constitute attractive expression hosts for the production of recombinant proteins with medical applications. Among the features that make them attractive candidates are: low cost, fast growth, wide biosynthetic capacity, and absence of human pathogens; which constitute substantial advantages with respect to bacterial and mammalian systems. 

First, the features of algae as convenient hosts for the production of BFs are analyzed in terms of production costs, biosynthetic capacity, and safety (Chapter 1). Second, the genetic engineering tools for algae-species are described. Nuclear and chloroplast-based expression approaches are analyzed and compared in terms of biosynthetic advantages, gene expression complexity, and DNA transfer approaches (Chapter 2). In the following sections, chapters 3 to 7, the state of the art on producing distinct types of BFs in algae species is presented. Although this book is mainly focused on BFs, considering that the production of compounds with health-promoting properties are achieved using genetically-engineered algae strains, chapter 8 deals with nutraceuticals. In the ninth chapter, the developments reported thus far are placed in perspective and challenges for the field are discussed. Critical future prospects comprise the following: optimizing large-scale production in bioreactors, implementing glycoengineering approaches, optimizing nuclear expression, exploring new approaches for oral delivery, and implementing regulatory frameworks to accomplish technology transferand regulatory approval of algae-made BFs.

Autoren/Hrsg.

Rosales-Mendoza, Sergio

Inhaltsverzeichnis

1;Preface;6
2;Contents;8
3;Chapter 1: The Biopharmaceuticals Field and Algae as Expression Hosts;12
3.1; Introduction;12
3.2; Biopharmaceuticals Market and Current Limitations;14
3.3; Current Platforms for the Large-Scale Production of BFs;16
3.4; General Features of Microalgae;17
3.5; Features of Algae and Implications in BFs Production;18
3.6; Relevant Algae Species;20
3.6.1; Phaeodactylum tricornutum;20
3.6.2; Dunaliella salina;21
3.6.3; Chlamydomonas reinhardtii;21
3.6.4; Schizochytrium sp.;21
3.7; Prospective View;22
3.8;References;22
4;Chapter 2: Genetic Engineering Approaches for Algae;26
4.1; Introduction;26
4.2; Construction of Genes and Expression Vectors;27
4.3; Transformation Techniques;31
4.3.1; Agrobacterium tumefaciens;31
4.3.2; Biolistic;33
4.3.3; Glass Beads Treatment;34
4.3.4; Electroporation;34
4.4; Expression Modalities;34
4.4.1; Nuclear and Chloroplast-Based Expression;34
4.4.2; Inducible Expression;35
4.5; Overview of Algae Transformation Achievements;37
4.6; Advances for Transgene Expression in the Model Alga C. reiinhardtii;39
4.6.1; Multigene Expression and Organelle Targeting;39
4.7; Generation of Mutant Strains with High Productivity;44
4.8; Fusion to Protein Partners;45
4.9; The Transformosome Concept;45
4.10; Prospective View;46
4.11;References;46
5;Chapter 3: Algae-Made Vaccines Targeting Human Diseases;52
5.1; Introduction;52
5.2; Gut Associated Immune System and Oral Vaccination;53
5.3; Vaccines Targeting Infectious Agents;57
5.3.1; Plasmodium falciparum;57
5.3.2; Staphylococcus aureus;60
5.3.3; Human Papillomavirus;60
5.3.4; Influenza Virus;61
5.3.5; Hepatitis B Virus;64
5.3.6; Human Immunodeficiency Virus;65
5.4; Vaccines Targeting Non-communicable Diseases;66
5.4.1; Type I Diabetes;66
5.4.2; Atherosclerosis;66
5.4.3; Hypertension;66
5.4.4; Allergy;67
5.5; Prospective View;67
5.6;References;70
6;Chapter 4: Algae-Made Vaccines Targeting Animal Pathogens;75
6.1; Introduction;75
6.2; Algae-Based Vaccines;76
6.2.1; Classical Swine Fever Virus;76
6.2.2; White Spot Syndrome Virus;77
6.2.3; Taenia Solium;78
6.2.4; Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus;79
6.2.5; Porcine Circovirus;80
6.3; Prospective View;80
6.4;References;83
7;Chapter 5: Algae-Made Antibodies and Immunotoxins;86
7.1; Introduction;86
7.2; Current Developments on Algae-Made Antibodies and Immunotoxins;88
7.2.1; Large Single-Chain (lsc) Antibody Against Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV) Glycoprotein D;88
7.3; Full-Length Antibodies Against the Anthrax Protective Antigen 83;91
7.4; An Anti-hepatitis B Surface Protein Antibody Produced in Phaeodactylum tricornutum;92
7.5; Camelid Antibodies Against Botulinum Neurotoxin Serotype A (BoNT/A);93
7.6; Immunotoxins Targeting CD22+ Cells;94
7.7; Prospective View;97
7.8;References;100
8;Chapter 6: Algae-Made Cytokines and Growth Factors;103
8.1; Introduction;103
8.2; Section I;104
8.2.1; Human Interferon ?1;104
8.2.2; Human Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor;106
8.2.3; High Mobility Group Protein B1;107
8.3; Section II;108
8.3.1; Tumor Necrosis Factor-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand;108
8.3.2; Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha Produced in Dunaliella salina;109
8.3.3; C. reinhardtii Secreting VEGF for the Development of Photosynthetic Biomaterials in Tissue Engineering;110
8.3.4; Prospective View;110
8.4;References;113
9;Chapter 7: Other Biopharmaceuticals Produced in Algae;117
9.1; Introduction;117
9.2; Antimicrobial Peptides;117
9.2.1; Rabbit Neutrophil Peptide-1;117
9.3; Lactoferricin;118
9.4; Fibronectin Domains;119
9.5; Soybean Kunitz Trypsin Inhibitor;121
9.6; Hormones;122
9.6.1; Erythropoietin;122
9.7; Human Growth Hormone;124
9.8; Flounder Growth Hormone;124
9.9; Prospective View;125
9.10;References;126
10;Chapter 8: Algae-Made Nutraceuticals Produced Using Genetic Engineering Approaches;129
10.1; Introduction;129
10.2; Proteins;130
10.2.1; Bovine Milk Amyloid A Produced in C. reinhardtii;130
10.3; A Chimeric Protein Carrying Bioactive Peptides Produced in C. reinhardtii;136
10.4; Lipids;137
10.5; Carotenoids;139
10.6; Prospective View;143
10.7;References;145
11;Chapter 9: Perspectives for the Algae-Made Biopharmaceuticals Field;150
11.1; Introduction;150
11.2; Key Perspectives for the Field of Producing BFs in Microalgae;151
11.2.1; Optimizing Nuclear Expression;151
11.3; Implementing Glycoengineering Approaches;153
11.4; Exploring New Approaches for Oral Delivery;156
11.5; Optimizing Large-Scale Production in Bioreactors;157
11.6; Expanding the Group of Species Used as Hosts;162
11.7; Technology Transfer and Regulatory Approval;163
11.8;References;165
12;Index;171