Rose / Ashhurst / Flint Agricultural Physics

The Commonwealth International Library: Physics Division
1. Auflage 2013
ISBN: 978-1-4831-3925-8
Verlag: Elsevier Science & Techn.
Format: PDF
Kopierschutz: 1 - PDF Watermark

E-Book, Englisch, 248 Seiten, Web PDF

Agricultural Physics discusses agricultural problems, some aspects of the environment, and water relations of plants from a physical point of view. This book provides particular attention to clarifying fundamental concepts and processes, such as the concept of the total potential of water and its components, which is of basic importance in understanding water movement in soil, plant, or atmosphere. Subject matters covered in this text are limited to topics to which physics has made a significant contribution, for instance, the experimental aspects of crop water use. This text is divided into eight chapters. Chapters 1 to 3 focus solely on the physical environment of agriculture, providing a background of the literature on the micrometeorology of crops and single plants. Some physical aspects of soils are elaborated in Chapters 4 and 6, while attributes of crop water use are covered in Chapters 5, 7, and 8. This publication is a good source for agriculturists, physiologists, and researchers conducting work on aspects of soils and plant water relations.

Autoren/Hrsg.

Rose, C. W.

Ashhurst, W.

Flint, H. T.

Inhaltsverzeichnis

1;Front Cover;1
2;Agricultural Physics;6
3;Copyright Page ;7
4;Table of Contents;8
5;PREFACE;12
6;IMPORTANT SYMBOLS;16
7;Chapter 1. The Physical Environment of Agriculture: Part I;20
7.1;1.1 Why Physics in Agriculture ?;20
7.2;1.2 Radiation;27
7.3;1.3 Conservation Principles for Heat Energy and Water;41
7.4;1.4 Conservation Considerations for Air in Contact with the Ground;45
8;Chapter 2. The Physical Environment of Agriculture: Part II;49
8.1;2.1 Thermal Conduction, Ground Heat Flux and Soil Temperature;50
8.2;2.2 General Features of the Atmosphere near the Ground;58
8.3;2.3 Turbulent Transfer;70
8.4;2.4 Non-radiative Sensible Heat Exchanges in the Atmosphere near the Ground;82
9;Chapter 3. The Physical Environment of Agriculture: Part III;88
9.1;3.1 Humidity;88
9.2;3.2 Evaporation;97
10;Chapter 4. Some Physical Aspects of Soils;107
10.1;4.1 Some Physical Aspects of Soil Composition;108
10.2;4.2 The Clay Fraction;113
10.3;4.3 Soil Structure;128
10.4;4.4 Soil and Water Conservation;135
11;Chapter 5. Water and Soil in Equilibrium;140
11.1;5.1 The Soil-water System;141
11.2;5.2 The Potential of Water in a Soil or Plant System;145
11.3;5.3 Components of the Total Potential of Soil Water;147
11.4;5.4 Gravitational Potential Z;151
11.5;5.5 Submergence Potential S;152
11.6;5.6 Matric or Capillary Potential M;154
11.7;5.7 Determination of Matric or Capillary Potential. Units;157
11.8;5.8 Soil Moisture Characteristics;164
11.9;5.9 Pneumatic Potential G due to External Gas Pressure;167
11.10;5.10 Pressure Potential P;171
11.11;5.11 Hydraulic Potential F;171
11.12;5.12 Osmotic Potential O;172
11.13;5.13 Vapour Pressure and the Component Potentials of Water;174
12;Chapter 6. Movement of Water in Soils;179
12.1;6.1 Fundamental Equations of Liquid Water Movement under Isothermal Conditions;179
12.2;6.2 Hydraulic Conductivity;183
12.3;6.3 Infiltration of Water into Soils;187
12.4;6.4 Field Drainage of Soils;190
12.5;6.5 Water Vapour Movement in Soil;192
13;Chapter 7. Some Experimental Aspects of Crop Water Use Studies in the Field;197
13.1;7.1 The Measurement and Calculation of Terms in the Water Conservation Equation;197
13.2;7.2 Determination of the Soil Properties required in Water Balance Studies;204
14;Chapter 8. Physical Introduction to Plant–Water Relationships;219
14.1;8.1 Water Transport through the Soil–Plant–Atmosphere System;219
14.2;8.2 Water and Solute Transport across Cell Membranes;230
14.3;8.3 Conclusion;235
15;APPENDIX: Some Physical Constants and Conversion Factors;238
16;AUTHOR INDEX;240
17;SUBJECT INDEX;244