Buch, Englisch, 132 Seiten, Format (B × H): 155 mm x 235 mm, Gewicht: 224 g
Ultrafine Carbon Particles on Earth and Space
Buch, Englisch, 132 Seiten, Format (B × H): 155 mm x 235 mm, Gewicht: 224 g
Reihe: SpringerBriefs in Earth Sciences
ISBN: 978-3-031-43277-4
Verlag: Springer
In this book, readers will gain a deep understanding of the distinct characteristics and intricate formation mechanisms behind each type of diamond.
A standout feature of this book is its in-depth exploration of nanodiamonds, shedding light on their unique formation processes. The narrative is thoughtfully organized, covering four main categories of natural diamonds and their related formation processes: 1)Interstellar nanodiamond particles; 2) Nano- and microcrustal diamonds associated with coals, sediments, and metamorphic rocks; 3) Nanodiamonds and microdiamonds associated with secondary alterations of mafic and ultramafic rocks mainly in the oceanic lithosphere; 4) Mantle-derived diamonds associated with kimberlites and their xenoliths, such as peridotites and eclogites.
With clarity and precision, this book caters to both researchers and students in the fields of mineralogy and mineral formation. This book serves as an invaluable resource, offering an all-encompassing perspective on diamond formation, appealing to those curious minds eager to delve into the captivating realm of these precious gems.
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Weitere Infos & Material
Introduction
Classification of diamonds according to their size – Methods of diamond synthesis – Synthetic nanodiamonds – Nanodiamonds and dimandoids – Occurrences of nanodiamonds in nature – Carbon nanoparticles other than diamond.
Chapter 1. Diamond thermodynamic stability: The influence of the crystal size
The diamond-graphite transition curve for macrosized carbon phases– Relationship between the size of diamonds and their thermodynamic stability – Formation of diamond nucleus at HPHT– Stability of nanodiamonds in the C-H-O system – Relationships between interstellar diamonds and water – Distribution of the carbon isotopes in metastable diamonds formed by a gas phase.
Chapter 2. Experimental data on nanocarbon formation at low P-T conditions
Hydrothermal nanodiamond synthesis: Detailed account on experiments conducted by Simakov et al. 2008 – Synthesis of fullerene-like phases from organicsat 700-750C and 5 kbar – Detailed account on experiments conducted by Simakov et al. 2001.
Chapter 3. Nano- and micro-diamonds formation in the Oceanic Lithosphere
Nanodiamond and organic compounds formation in serpentinite systems during secondary reactions of mafic rocks: the case study of serpentinite xenoliths from Sicily (geological background; Raman investigations; Origin of the organic matter and carbon particles; Processes of nanodiamond formation; abiotic organics with nanodiamond clusters as key model for prebiotic processes) – Micron-sized diamond formation in the Oceanic Lithosphere (Micron-sized diamonds in ophiolites: insights on their formation; Nano- and Micron-sized diamond formation in Hawaiian Salt Lake Crater xenoliths) – Carbonado genesis.
Chapter 4. Nanocarbon and microdiamond formation in the lithogenesis and metamorphic processes
Carbon nanoparticles in coals and hydrocarbon bearing sediments: the nanodiamond perspective – Fullererne and fullerene-like phases formation in metamorphic processes – Micron-sized diamond formation in metamorphic processes – World-wide metamorphic diamonds – Kokchetav diamond deposit – Kokchetav diamond-bearing crustal rocks: An overview – Mineralogical features of Kokchetav metamorphic diamonds – Processes of Kokchetav microdiamond formation.
Chapter 5. Diamonds in kimberlites and their xenoliths: A reappraisal
An outlook on macrodiamond occurrences in kimberlites and their xenoliths – Diamond inclusions – Diamond formation from fluids in the upper mantle – Diamond formation by postmagmatic processes of kimberlites – The genesis of the extra-large type IIa diamonds.
Conclusions
Although diamond is a typical high-pressure mineral formed in the subcontinental mantle, metastable nano- and micrometer-sized diamonds can form in various crustal environments, including the oceanic lithosphere.