The Practice of Research in Criminology and Criminal Justice

Sixth Auflage
ISBN: 978-1-5063-0681-0
Verlag: SAGE Publications, Inc

Buch, Englisch, 544 Seiten, Format (B × H): 201 mm x 254 mm, Gewicht: 922 g

This sixth edition continues to demonstrate the vital role research plays by integrating in-depth, real-world case studies with a comprehensive discussion of research methods. By pairing research techniques with practical examples from the field, the authors equip students to evaluate and conduct research. Covering research findings from critical areas in criminal justice, such as police use of force, cybercrime, and race, this text helps students understand the importance of research, not just the process.

The Sixth Edition of this best-selling text retains the strengths of previous editions while breaking ground with emergent research methods, enhanced tools for learning in the text and online, and contemporary, fascinating research findings. Students engage with the wide realm of research methods available to them, delve deeper into topics relevant to their field of study, and benefit from the wide variety of new exercises to help them practice as they learn.

This edition is accompanied by an Edge site: edge.sagepub.com/bachmanprccj6e

New to this edition:

New real-world research examples including the effects of incarceration on employment, the effects of police wearing body cameras on police and citizen injury, the perceptions of citizens regarding police misconduct, and an investigation into the lives of gang members.

A new chapter on qualitative data analysis summarizes the different techniques using a case study of interviews with drug-involved offenders.

Updated “Research in the News” boxes feature the latest media stories which have made an impact both on researchers and practitioners

New “Careers and Research” profiles highlight the relevance of research in today’s job market

New end-of-chapter exercise questions refer students to a chapter-specific video posted on the Study Site, in which researchers discuss their experiences with a method presented in that chapter.

New empirical data sets featured on the Study Site give students access to new subsets of data

New SPSS and Excel exercises that correspond to the chapter material provide students with extra practice of the research methods being explained.

Autoren/Hrsg.

Bachman, Ronet D.

Schutt, Russell K.

Fachgebiete

• Sozialwissenschaften Soziologie | Soziale Arbeit Spezielle Soziologie Kriminalsoziologie

Inhaltsverzeichnis

Chapter 1: Science, Society, and Criminological Research
Reasoning About the Social World
The Social Science Approach
Social Research Philosophies
Quantitative and Qualitative Methods
Specific Types of Research Methods
Strengths and Limitations of Social Research
Chapter 2: The Process and Problems of Criminology Research
Criminological Research Questions
Social Research Foundations
The Role of Theory
Social Research Strategies
Social Research Standards
Chapter 3: Research Ethics
Historical Background
Ethical Principles
Research Involving Special Populations: Prisoners and Children
Case Studies: Sexual Solicitation of Adolescents and Milgram Revisted
Chapter 4: Conceptualization and Measurement
Concepts
Case Study: Defining Youth Gangs
Case Study: Defining Substance Abuse
Case Study: Defining Poverty
Case Study: Defining Inmate Misconduct
Variables and Levels of Measurement
Did We Measure What We Wanted to Measure?
Chapter 5: Sampling
Sample Planning
Sampling Methods
Sampling Distributions
Chapter 6: Causation and Research Design
Causal Explanation
Criteria and Caustions for Nomothetic Causal Explanations
Case Study: Media Violence and Violent Behavior
Research Designs and Causality
Case Study: Using Life Calendars: Do Offenders Specialize in Different Crimes?
Case Study: Offending Over the Life Course
Case Studies: Gender, Social Conrol, and Crime
Units of Analysis and Errors in Causal Reasoning
Chapter 7: Experimental Designs
History of Experiments
True Experiments
Case Study: Prison Classification and Inmate Behavior
Case Study: The Effect of Incarceration on Employment
Quasi-Experiments
Case Study: The Effectiveness of Drug Courts
Case Study: The Effects of the Youth Criminal Justice Act
Case Study: Reduced Caseload and Intensive Supervision in Probation
Case Study: Does an Arrest Increase Delinquency?
Validity in Experiments
Factorial Survey Design
Case Study: How Citizens View Police Misconduct
Ethical Issues in Experimental Research
Chapter 8: Survey Research
Survey Research in the Social Sciences
Questionnaire Development
Case Study: Measuring Violent Victimizations
Writing Survey Questions
Organization of the Questionnaire
The Cover Letter
Survey Designs
Ethical Issues in Survey Research
Chapter 9: Qualitative Methods: Observing, Participating, and Listening
Fundamentals of Qualitative Methods
Case Study: Life in a Gang
Participant Observation
Case Study: The Researcher as Hooligan
Systematic Observation
Case Study: Studying Public Disorder and Crime
Intensive Interviewing
Case Study: Jurors’ Stories of Death
Focus Groups
Case Study: An Analysis of Police Searches
Ethical Issues in Qualitative Research
Analyzing Content: Secondary Data Analysis, Comparative Analysis, Content Analysis, Crime Mapping, and Big Data
Analyzing Secondary Data
Case Study: Police Protection by Neighborhood
Comparative Methods
Case Study: Homicide Across Nations
Content Analysis
Case Study: Media Portrayals of Abducted Children
Crime Mapping
Case Study: Social Disorganization and the Chicago School
Case Study: Gang Homicides in St. Louis
Case Study: Using Google Earth to Track Sexual Offending Recidivism
Big Data
Case Study: Predicting Where Crime Will Occur
Case Study: Predicting Recidivism With Big Data
Methodological Issues When Using Secondary Data
Ethical Issues When Analyzing Available Data and Content
Chapter 11: Evaluation Research
A Brief History of Evaluation Research
Evaluation Basics
Questions fo Evaluation Research
Case Study: Family Justice Center Initiative
Case Study: Process Evaluation of an Anti-Gang Initiative
Case Study: How Does the Risk Skills Training Program (RSTP) Compare to D.A.R.E.?
Case Study: Cost-Benefit Analysis of Therapeutic Communities
Design Decisions
Evaluation in Action
Case Study: Problem-Oriented Policing in Violent Crime Areas—A Randomized Controlled Experiment
Quasi-Experimental Designs in Evaluation Research
Case Study: Decreasing Injuries from Police Use-of-Force
Case Study: Drinking and Homicide in Eastern Europe
Nonexperimental Designs
Case Study: Vocational Education for Serious Juvenile Offenders—A One-Shot Design
Qualitative and Quantitative Methods
Policy Research: Increasing Demand for Evidence-Based Policy
Basic Science or Applied Research
Ethics in Evaluation
Chapter 12: Mixing and Comparing Methods
What Are Mixed Methods?
Case Study of Convergent Parallel Design: School Security and Discipline
Case Study of Exploratory Sequential Design: American Indian Homicide
Case Study of Embedded Design: Investigating Rape
Strengths and Limitations of Mixed Methods
Types of Mixed Methods Designs
Comparing Results Across Studies
Case Study of Meta-Analysis: The Effectiveness of Anti-Bullying Programs
Case Study of Meta-Analysis: Do Parent Training Programs Prevent Child Abuse?
Case Study of Meta-Synthesis: Female Drug Dealers
Ethics and Mixed Methods
Chapter 13: Quantitative Data Analysis
Introducing Statistics
Case Study: The Causes of Delinquency
Preparing Data for Analysis
Displaying Univariate Distributions
Summarizing Univariate Distributions
Cross-Tabulating Variables
Regression and Correlation
Analyzing Data Ethically: How Not to Lie About Relationships
Chapter 14: Analyzing Qualitative Data
Features of Qualitative Data Analysis
Qualitative Compared With Quantitave Data AnalysisAlternatives in Qualitative Data Analysis
Techniques of Qualitative Data Analysis
Alternatives in Qualitative Data Analysis
Computer-Assisted Qualitative Data Analysis
Case Study: Narratives of Desistance from Crime and Substance Abuse
Ethics in Qualitative Data Analysis
Chapter 15: Reporting Research Results
Research Report Goals
Case Study: Seeking Higher Education for Inmates
On Writing Research
Research Report Types
Displaying Research
Special Considerations for Reporting Qualitative or Mixed-Methods Research
Ethics, Politics, and Reporting Research
Plagiarism
Appendix A: Questions to Ask About a Research Article
Appendix B: How to Read a Research Article

Über Autor(innen)

Bachman, Ronet D.
Ronet D. Bachman, PhD, worked as a statistician at the Bureau of Justice Statistics, U.S.

Department of Justice, before going back to an academic career; she is now a professor in the

Department of Sociology and Criminal Justice at the University of Delaware. She is coauthor

of Statistical Methods for Criminology and Criminal Justice and coeditor of Explaining Criminals

and Crime: Essays in Contemporary Criminal Theory. In addition, she is the author of Death and

Violence on the Reservation and coauthor of Stress, Culture, and Aggression; Murder American

Style; and Violence: The Enduring Problem, along with numerous articles and papers that examine

the epidemiology and etiology of violence, with particular emphasis on women, the elderly,

and minority populations as well as research examining desistance from crime. Her most recent

federally funded research was a mixed-methods study that examined the long-term desistance

trajectories of criminal justice involved drug-involved individuals who have been followed with

both quantitative and interview data for nearly thirty years. Her current state-funded research is

assessing the needs of violent crime victims, especially those whose voices are rarely heard such

as loved ones of homicide victims.

Schutt, Russell K.
Russell K. Schutt, PhD, is Professor of Sociology at the University of Massachusetts Boston; Clinical Research Scientist I at the Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center; and Lecturer (part-time) in the Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School. He completed his BA, MA, and PhD degrees at the University of Illinois at Chicago and his postdoctoral fellowship in the Sociology of Social Control Training Program at Yale University. In addition to co-authoring The Practice of Research in Criminology and Criminal Justice and Fundamentals of Research in Criminology and Criminal Justice (with Ronet Bachman), he is the author of Investigating the Social World: The Process and Practice of Research and Understanding the Social World: Research Methods for the 21st Century, and co-author of Making Sense of the Social World (with Dan Chambliss), Research Methods in Psychology (with Paul G. Nestor), The Practice of Research in Social Work and Fundamentals of Social Work Research (with Ray Engel), and Research Methods in Education (with Joseph Check), all with SAGE Publications, as well as author of Homelessness, Housing, and Mental Illness and Organization in a Changing Environment, coeditor of Social Neuroscience: Brain, Mind, and Society and of The Organizational Response to Social Problems, and coauthor of Responding to the Homeless: Policy and Practice. He has authored and coauthored more than 65 peer-reviewed journal articles as well as many book chapters and research reports on homelessness, mental health, service preferences and satisfaction, organizations, and the sociology of law. His current and most recent research includes a $200,000 National Science Foundation-funded study of the social impact of the pandemic in Boston, with collaborators at the Center for Survey Research (UMass Boston) and Northeastern University, a $3.8 million randomized comparative effectiveness trial of two socially-oriented interventions to improve community functioning among persons diagnosed with serious mental illness, funded by the Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Institute (PCORI) at the Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center with collaborators at the Harvard Medical School, and a $1 million Veterans Health Administration-funded study of peer support with colleagues at the University of Massachusetts Medical School and the VA. His past research has been funded by the National Cancer Institute, the Veterans Health Administration, the National Institute of Mental Health, the Fetzer Institute, and state agencies. Details are available at https://blogs.umb.edu/russellkschutt/.